• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.471-476
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• 1999

The effects of total dietary restriction(100% restriction of energy intake) on thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS) contents and intracellular antioxidant enzymes activities in the liver and kidney of young male Sprague Dawley rats were studied. The TBARS contents were reduced in both liver and kidney, up to 77% and 79% of the control rats, fed ad libitum, respectively at 7 days after dietary restriction . Superoxide dismutase(SOD) activities in the liver and kidney of rats were increased significantly by total dietary restriction. However, the activity of catalase in kidney was decreased 27% at 6 days after dietary restriction, but this enzyme activity did not change in liver. The changes of glutathione peroxidae(GSHPx) and catalase activities in the liver and kidney of rats with dietary restriction were not significant. These result suggested that dietary restriction reduce the free radical induced by tissue damage, as determined by TBARS content, in both the liver and kidney but the changes of activities of antioxidant enzymes may not be a contributory factor in reducing oxidative damage to tissue.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.61-67
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• 2008

Objectives : Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and toluene have been reported to induce reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress. This study was performed to investigate the effects of low level exposure to PAHs or toluene on the lipid peroxidation level in elementary school children and the elderly in a rural area. Methods : Forty seven elementary school children and 40 elderly people who were living in a rural area and not occupationally exposed to PAH or toluene were the subjects of this study. Information about active or passive smoking and diet was obtained using a self-administered questionnaire. The urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP), 2-naphthol, hippuric acid and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) concentrations were measured, and these values were corrected with the urinary creatinine concentration. Results : In school children, the geometric means of the urinary 1-OHP, 2-naphthol, hippuric acid and TBARS levels were $0.02\;{\mu}mol/mol$ creatinine, $0.47\;{\mu}mol/mol$ creatinine, 0.14 g/g creatinine and $0.95\;{\mu}mol/g$ creatinine, respectively. Those values for the elderly were $0.07{\mu}mol/mol$ creatinine, $1.87{\mu}mol/mol$ creatinine, 0.11 g/g creatinine and $1.18\;{\mu}mol/g$ creatinine, respectively. The mean levels of urinary 1-OHP, 2-naphthol and TBARS were significantly higher in the elderly subjects than in the children. The urinary TBARS level was not correlated with the urinary 1-OHP, 2-naphthol and hippuric acid, but they were correlated with the age of the subjects. Conclusions : These results suggest that low level inhalation exposure to PAH or toluene does not markedly increase lipid peroxidation, and age is a significant determinant of lipid peroxidation.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.26 no.11
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• pp.1569-1576
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• 2013

The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of vitamin E and zinc supplementation on energy metabolites, lipid peroxidation, and milk production in peripartum Sahiwal cows. For this, thirty-two pregnant dry Sahiwal cows were selected at sixty days prepartum and divided into four groups viz control, $T_1$, $T_2$, and $T_3$ of eight each. Group $T_1$ were supplemented with zinc at 60 ppm/d/cow, group $T_2$ were supplemented with vitamin E at 1,000 IU/d/cow and group $T_3$ were supplemented with combination of vitamin E at 1,000 IU/d/cow and zinc at 60 ppm/d/cow during d 60 prepartum to d 90 postpartum. Blood samples were collected on d -60, -45, -30, -15, -7, -3, 0, 3, 7, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 with respect to day of parturition and analysed for glucose, non esterified fatty acid, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance. Body condition score was maintained significantly better (p<0.05) in $T_3$ than in the control, $T_1$ and $T_2$ groups. Overall glucose level was higher (p<0.05) in $T_3$ than control, $T_1$, and $T_2$ groups. Levels of nonesterified fatty acid, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance were lower (p<0.05) in $T_3$ than control, $T_1$, and $T_2$ groups. Milk yield was higher (p<0.05) in $T_3$ than control, $T_1$, and $T_2$ groups. In conclusion, the present study indicated that the supplementation of vitamin E and zinc in peripartum Sahiwal cows enhanced milk production by reducing negative energy balance.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.544-547
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• 2007

The effects of hwangryun(Coptidis Rhizoma) on lowering lipid and oxidative stress in the induced obesity rat was observed. The concentration of plasma triglyceride in hwangryun treatment groups showed the low values compared to the control group, and as the increased hwangryun, the concentration of triglyceride decreased. The concentration of plasma total cholesterol decreased in all hwangryun treatment groups. However the concentration of plasma HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol showed no significantly difference in all the treatment groups. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS) concentration in plasma and liver showed low values in all hwangryun treatment groups compared to the control group. Glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) activities showed no significantly difference in all the treatment groups. However catalase(CAT) activity showed a tendence to increase in hwangryun groups, and in 200mg/kg hwangryun treatment group showed significantly a high value than the control group. Summarizing the results above, hwangryun has the functional materials that lowering lipid and works with oxidative stress.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.38 no.7
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• pp.495-502
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• 2005

This study was performed to investigate effects of dietary folic acid supplementation on plasma homocysteine levels, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance s (TBARS) level s and liver SAM/SAH ratio in hyperhomocysteinaemia-induced pregnant rats. Forty-two female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided three groups (C: control diet, HFD: $0.3\%$ homocystine and 0 mg folic acid diet, HFS: $0.3\%$ homocystine and 8 mg/kg folic acid diet) according to homocystine and folic acid levels in the diet. They were fed experimental diets for 5 weeks prior to the mating and also during the entire period of pregnancy till gestational day 20. Dietary folic acid supplementation caused a significant decrease in plasma homocysteine levels which had been increased by a homocystine-diet, with a concomitant increase in plasma and liver folate levels. Liver TBARS levels in homocysteine-folic acid-deficient group (HFD) were higher than those in control group. Dietary folic acid supplementation increased hepatic SAM/SAM ratio in homocysteine-folic acid- sopplemetantion group (HFS) when compared to the HFD (p < 0.05). These data suggest that folate depletion and elevated plasma homocysteine may promote oxidative stress in rat livers and influence the remethylation cycle of the homocysteine metabolism detrimentally. In conclusion, dietary folic acid supplementation was found to be effective for lowering plasma homocysteine levels, relieving oxidative stress, and improving the methylation status in the body.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.255-261
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• 2003

Food irradiation has been steadily increasing in many countries in line with increasing international trade and concerns about naturally occurring harmful contaminants in food. Although irradiation provides an excellent safeguard for the consumer by destroying almost 100% of harmful bacteria, it is necessary to ensure the safety of irradiated foods. This study was performed to investigate the effect of an irradiated diet on lipid peroxidation in the plasma, liver, small intestinal mucosa, and lymphocyte DNA damage in mice. Eight-week old ICR mice were assigned to two groups to receive either non-irradiated or irradiated (10 kGy) diets containing 20.38% fish powder and 6.06% sesame seeds for 4 weeks. The resulting changes in the degrees of lipid peroxidation were evaluated based on the level of plasma and liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), transmission electron micrograph of jejunal mucosa, and free radical-induced oxidative DNA damage in lymphocytes, as measured by alkaline comet assay (single cell gel electrophoresis). The peroxide values of the gamma irradiated diet were measured every week, and the sample for comet assay was taken at the end of the four week experimental period. There was no significant difference in food efficiency ratio between the two groups. The peroxide values of the diet were immediately increased to 35.5% after gamma irradiation and kept on increasing during storage. After 4 weeks, no differences in tissue or plasma TBARS value were observed between the two groups, but epithelial cells of jejumum showed osmiophillic laminated membranous structures, considered as myelin figures,. The oxidative DNA damage expressed as tail moment (TM) increased 30% in the blood lymphocytes of the mice fed the irradiated diet. In conclusion, the comet assay sensitively detected differences in lymphocyte DNA damage after feeding with the irradiated diet for 4 weeks. However, in order to ensure the safety of irradiated foods, it would be more useful to conduct a long-term feeding regimen using an irradiated diet and examine the level of lipid peroxidation and the state of oxidative stress in a greater range of organs.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.65 no.4
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• pp.865-877
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• 2023

Thirty Hanwoo cattle including bulls, cows, and steers (n = 10 each) were slaughtered and investigated for carcass traits (weight, meat color, fat color, yield index, maturity, marbling score, back-fat thickness, and firmness) and meat quality. The meat quality such as: pH, color, cooking loss, fatty acid, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance, warner-bratzler shear force, tensile tests, and texture profiles were analyzed on longissimus lumborum (LL) muscles of the carcasses at different aging times (3 d and 21 d). The results showed that steers and cows had higher back-fat thickness and marbling score, and a lower firmness (p < 0.001) than bulls. Bulls exhibited a lower meat quality indicating by higher cooking loss, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance content, warner-bratzler shear force and tensile test values (p < 0.01). Regarding the sensory property, the bull meat also had higher hardness, and lower tenderness, juiciness and flavor scores than the cow or steer meat (p < 0.01). Additionally, the bull meat had a higher polyunsaturated fatty acid and a lower monounsaturated fatty acid contents (p < 0.01). With increased aging time, the meat tenderness was improved in all the genders. Taken together, the present study demonstrated that the gender and aging time affected the carcass traits, fatty acid and sensory quality of beef. Postmortem aging could improve the meat tenderness of all genders especially bulls.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.721-728
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• 1996

The level of oxidative tissue damage caused by free radicals generated from ethanol oxidation was determined in the myocardium of chronic ethanol fed-rats and the protective action of various radical scavenging enzymes was monitored, also. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were given ethanol in an amount of 36% of total calories via Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet for 6 weeks. Control group was pair-fed with the diet containing isocaloric amount of dextrin-maltose instead of ethanol. Chronic ethanol administration resulted in the increased amount of myocardial thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS), th parameter of lipid peroxidation, under our experimental condition. Chronic ethanol ingestion did not cause any change in activities of either glutathione peroxidase or glutathione reductase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were decreased after ethanol treatment. Therefore, chronic ethanol administration seemed to cause considerble changes in cellular defense function against oxidative tissue damage in rat myocardium through glutathione utilizing system and radical generation system. However the ultimate net result of chronic ethanol inestion on the myocardium of rat was the oxidative tissue damage revealed by increased TBARS content.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the cerebral infarction size, antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation changes after 6 weeks of dietary soybean protein intake in a rat focal brain ischemia model. Method: Weaning Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with either modified AIN-93G diet containing casein 20% (control), 20% soybean protein isolate-based diet (S20), or 40% of soybean protein isolate-based diet (S40) for 6 weeks. The animals were subject to right middle cerebral artery occlusion for 2 hr. After 24 hr of recirculation, the rats were sacrificed. Antioxidant enzymes activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) level in the right brain were also measured. Result: There were no significant differences in the right cortical infarction volume, TBARS level, SOD and CAT activities among the three groups whereas the GPx activities of the S20 group were significantly higher than those of the control group (p=.02). Conclusion: Our results suggest that 20% of soybean protein may have a modulating effect on GPx and possibly have some protective effect against oxidative stress although it may enough to decrease cerebral infarction volume in rat focal brain ischemia model.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.786-794
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• 2017

This study analyzes the chemical composition and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance levels of Godulbaegi (Youngia sonchifolia M.) depending on collection time. The moisture and crude fat content in leaf and root decreased, while crude fiber, crude protein, carbohydrate, and ash increased with increases in collection time. The mineral elements tended to increase in each sample with increases in collection time. The content of vitamin B increased as collection time increased. Vitamin C content was approximately five times higher in the leaves than that in the roots. Total amino acids in leaf and root increased considerably as collection time increased content of phenolic compounds in root were higher than that in the leaf and these contents increased. Antioxidant activity of Godulbaegi was higher in the root than in the leaf and increased as collection time increased.