• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제74권2호
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• pp.267-282
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• 2020

The seismic performance and failure modes of the dual system of moment resisting frames and thin steel plate shear walls (TSPSWs) without and with one or two outrigger trusses are studied in this paper. These structural systems were utilized to resist vertical and lateral loads of 40-storey buildings. Detailed Finite element models associated with nonlinear time history analyses were used to examine seismic capacity and plastic mechanism of the buildings. The analyses were performed under increased levels of earthquake intensities. The models with one and two outriggers showed good performance during the maximum considered earthquake (MCE), while the stress of TSPSWs in the model without outrigger reached its ultimate value under this earthquake. The best seismic capacity was in favour of the model with two outriggers, where it is found that increasing the number of outriggers not only gives more reduction in lateral displacement but also reduces stress concentration on thin steel plate shear walls at outrigger floors, which caused the early failure of TSPSWs in model with one outrigger.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.457-468
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• 2006

얇은 웨브강판을 사용한 전단지배 강판벽의 최대 에너지소산능력 및 연성능력을 연 구하기 위한 실험 연구를 실시하였다. 이를위해서 얇은 강판을 사용한 3층 골조 강판벽 실험을 수행하였다. 주요 실험 변수는 강판의 형상비와 기둥 단면의 전단강도이며, 골조 강판벽 시스템의 상대적 비교를 위해 중심가새골조 및 모멘트저항골조와의 비교실험을 실시하였다. 골조 강판벽 실험체는 중심가새골조와 모멘트저항골조 실험체에 비하여 매우 우수한 연성도와 에너지소산능력을 나타냈다. 따라서 전단지배형 골조강판벽은 큰 강도, 강성 및 변형능력을 동시에 달성할 수 있는 이상적인 내진구조시스템으로 사용할 수 있다. 전단지배 강판벽의 주기거동을 예측하기 위하여, 본 연구의 실험결과와 기존 실험결과를 토대로 강판벽의 에너지소산능력을 예측할 수 있는 방법을 제시하였다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.251-271
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• 2011

To make direct comparisons regarding the cyclic behavior of thin steel plate shear walls (TSPSWs) with different infill-to-boundary frame connections, two TSPSWs were tested under quasi-static conditions, one having the infill plate attached to the boundary frame members on all edges and the other having the infill plate connected only to the beams. Also, the bare frame that was used in the TSPSW specimens was tested to provide data for the calibration of numerical models. The connection of infill plates to surrounding frames was achieved through the use of self-drilling screws to fish plates that were welded to the frame members. The behavior of TSPSW specimens are compared and discussed with emphasis on the characteristics important in seismic response, including the initial stiffness, ultimate strength and deformation modes observed during the tests. It is shown that TSPSW specimens achieve significant ductility and energy dissipation while the ultimate failure mode resulted from infill plate fracture at the net section of the infill plate-to-boundary frame connection after substantial infill plate yielding. Experimental results are compared to monotonic pushover predictions from computer analysis using strip models and the models are found to be capable of approximating the monotonic behavior of the TSPSW specimens.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.1145-1165
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• 2015

A behavior model for screw connections is developed to provide a better representation of the nonlinear response of thin steel plate shear walls (TSPSWs) with infill plates attached to the boundary frame members via self-drilling screws. This analytical representation is based on the load-bearing deformation relationship between the infill plate and the screw threads. The model can be easily implemented in strip models of TSPSWs where the tension field action of the infill plates is represented by a series of parallel discrete tension-only strips. Previously reported experimental results from tests of two different TSPSWs are used to provide experimental validation of the modeling approach. The beam-to-column connection behavior was also included in the analyses using a four parameter rotational spring model that was calibrated to a test of an identical frame as used for the TSPSW specimens but without the infill plates. The complete TSPSW models consisting of strips representing the infill plates, zero length elements representing the load-bearing deformation response of the screw connection at each end of the strips and the four parameter spring model at each beam-to-column connection are shown to have good agreement with the experimental results. The resulting models should enable design and analysis of TSPSWs for both new construction and retrofit of existing buildings.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제16권6호통권73호
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• pp.781-792
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• 2004

스티프너가 없는 얇은 강판을 사용한 골조강판벽 시스템에 대한 실험연구를 실시하였다. 1경간 3층의 골조강판벽에 주기횡하중을 재하하였으며, 주요한 실험 변수는 강판의 두께, 기둥의 강도이다. 실험결과를 이용하여 강판벽의 강도, 변형능력, 에너지 소산능력을 연구하였으며, 이를 토대로 골조강판벽의 파괴메카니즘을 분석하였다. 실험결과, 얇은 강판을 사용하는 골조강판벽은, 높은 강도, 낮은 연성능력, 캔틸레버거동특성을 나타내는 일반적인 가새골조나 스티프너 보강된 강판벽과는 여러 면에서 다른 거동특성을 나타낸다. 골조강판벽에서는 강판의 조기국부좌굴과 인장응력장 작용이 발생하면서, 전 층에 고르게 항복변형이 분포된다. 이로 인하여 변형형태는 휨변형과 전단변형의 복합형태를 나타내며, 우수한 강도 및 에너지 소산능력과 연성모멘트 골조에 버금가는 변형능력을 나타내었다. 그러나 일반적인 가새골조와는 달리 보, 기둥 등의 골조부재는 강판의 인장응력장을 지지할 수 있도록 설계되어야 하며, 따라서 기둥의 강도가 작고 콤팩트 단면을 사용하지 않은 경우에는 약층현상이 발생하며 강도가 급격히 저하되었다. 얇은 강판을 사용하는 골조강판벽은 일반적인 가새골조나 스티프너 보강 강판벽과는 차별되는 우수한 변형능력을 갖고 있으므로 연성내진구조시스템으로 활용할 수 있다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.377-388
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• 2021

Thin perforated Steel Plate Shear Walls (SPSWs) are among the most common types of seismic energy dissipation systems to protect the main boundary components of SPSWs from fatal fractures in the high-risk zones. In this paper, the cyclic behavior of the different circular hole patterns under cyclic loading is reported. Based on the experimental results, it can be concluded that a change in the perforation pattern of the circular holes leads to a change in the locations of the fracture tendency over the web plate, especially at the plate-frame interactions. Accordingly, the cyclic responses of the tested specimens were simulated by finite element method using the ABAQUS package. Likewise, perforated shear panels with a new perforation pattern obtained by implementing Topology Optimization (TO) were proposed. It was found that the ultimate shear strength of the specimen with the proposed TO perforation pattern was higher than that of the other specimens. In addition, theoretical equations using the Plate-Frame Interaction (PFI) method were used to predict the shear strength and initial stiffness of the considered specimens. The theoretical results showed that the proposed reduced coefficients relationships cannot accurately predict the shear strength and initial stiffness of the considered perforated shear panels. Therefore, the reduced coefficients should be adopted in the theoretical equations based on the obtained experimental and numerical results. Finally, with the results of this study, the shear strength and initial stiffness of these types of perforated shear panels can be predicted by PFI method.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.231-242
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• 2018

As a lateral load resisting component, buckling restrained steel plate shear walls (BRW) have excellent energy dissipating capacity. Similar to thin steel plate shear walls, the mechanical behavior of BRWs depends on the boundary elements (adjacent beams and columns) which need adequate strength and stiffness to ensure the complete yielding of BRWs and the emergence of expected plastic collapse mechanism of frame. This paper presents a theoretical approach to estimate the design forces for boundary elements of beam-connected BRW (i.e., The BRW is only connected to beams at its top and bottom, without connections to columns) using a fundamental plastic collapse mechanism of frame, a force transferring model of beam-connected BRW and linear beam and column analysis. Furthermore, the design method of boundary beams and columns is presented. The proposed approach does not involve nonlinear analyses, which can be easily and efficiently used to estimate the design forces of beams and columns in a frame with BRWs. The predicted design forces of boundary elements are compared with those from nonlinear finite element analyses, and a good agreement is achieved.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제84권1호
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• pp.113-127
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• 2022

Steel plate shear walls (SPSWs) are commonly utilized to provide lateral stiffness in high-rise structures. The simplified model is frequently used instead of the fine-scale model in the design of buildings with SPSWs. To predict the lateral strength of steel plate shear walls with diagonal stiffeners (DS-SPSWs), a simplified model is presented, namely the cross brace-strip model (CBSM). The bearing capacity and internal forces of columns for DS-SPSWs are calculated. In addition, a modification coefficient is introduced to account for the shear action of the thin plate. The feasibility of the CBSM is validated by comparing the numerical results with theoretical and experimental results. The numerical results from the CBSM and fine-scale model, which represent the bearing capacity of the DS-SPSW with varied stiffened plate dimensions, are in good accord with the theoretical values. The difference in bearing capacity between the CBSM and the fine-scale model is less than 1.35%. The errors of the bearing capacity from the CBSM are less than 5.67% when compared to the test results of the DS-SPSW. Furthermore, the shear and axial forces of CBSM agree with the results of the fine-scale model and theoretical analysis. As a result, the CBSM, which reflects the contribution of diagonal stiffeners to the lateral resistance of the SPSW as well as the effects on the shear and axial forces of the columns, can significantly improve the design accuracy and efficiency of buildings with DS-SPSWs.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.67-78
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• 2007

웨브강판의 상세에 따른 골조강판벽의 거동특성을 연구하기 위하여 실험 연구를 실시하였다. 실험체는 웨브강판에 스티프너를 사용하지 않은 3층 골조강판벽을 1/3 축소모델로 제작하였다. 주요 실험 변수는 골조와 웨브강판의 연결 상세로서, 용접접합과 볼트접합, 강판의 용접부위 및 길이, 연결강판벽이다. 골조강판벽 실험체들은 대체로 실험변수와 관계없이 우수한 강도, 변형능력 그리고 에너지소산능력을 나타냈다. 다만, 볼트접합을 사용한 강판벽은 강판의 전 모서리를 용접한 강판벽보다 다소 작은 변형능력을 나타냈다. 이러한 결과는 시공성과 경제성 향상을 위해 강판 구조성능의 큰 손실 없이 다양한 상세를 사용할 수 있음을 보여주었다. 본 연구의 실험결과와 해석결과를 토대로 다양한 상세를 갖는 강판벽 실험체의 강도 및 에너지소산능력을 예측할 수 있는 방법을 제시하였다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.87-108
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• 2010

A Steel Plate Shear Wall (SPSW) is a lateral load resisting system consisting of an infill plate located within a frame. When buckling occurs in the infill plate of a SPSW, a diagonal tension field is formed through the plate. The study of the tension field behavior regarding the distribution and orientation patterns of principal stresses can be useful, for instance to modify the basic strip model to predict the behavior of SPSW more accurately. This paper investigates the influence of torsional and out-of-plane flexural rigidities of boundary members (i.e. beams and columns) on the buckling coefficient as well as on the distribution and orientation patterns of principal stresses associated with the buckling modes. The linear buckling equations in the sense of von-Karman have been solved in conjunction with various boundary conditions, by using the Ritz method. Also, in this research the effects of symmetric and anti-symmetric buckling modes and complete anchoring of the tension field due to lacking of in-plane bending of the beams as well as the aspect ratio of plate on the behavior of tension field and buckling coefficient have been studied.