• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.263-270
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• 2017

Solar radiation data measured by pyranometers is of fundamental use in various fields. In the field of atmospheric optics, the measurement of solar energy must be precise, and the equipment needs to be maintained frequently. However, there seem to be many errors with the existing type of pyranometer, which is an element of the solar-energy observation apparatus. In particular, the error caused by the thermal dome effect occurs because of the thermal offset generated from a temperature difference between outer dome and inner casing. To resolve the thermal dome effect, intensive observation was conducted using the method and instrument designed by Ji and Tsay. The characteristics of the observed global solar radiation were analyzed by classifying the observation period into clear, cloudy, and rainy cases. For the clear-weather case, the temperature difference between the pyranometer's case and dome was highest, and the thermal dome effect was $0.88MJ\;m^{-2}\;day^{-1}$. Meanwhile, the thermal dome effect in the cloudy case was $0.69MJ\;m^{-2}\;day^{-1}$, because the reduced global solar radiation thus reduced the temperature difference between case and dome. In addition, the rainy case had the smallest temperature difference of $0.21MJ\;m^{-2}\;day^{-1}$. The quantification of this thermal dome effect with respect to the daily accumulated global solar radiation gives calculated errors in the cloudy, rainy, and clear cases of 6.53%, 6.38%, and 5.41% respectively.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.645-659
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• 2015

This research investigates the thermoelastic transient behavior of a thermally loaded slab made of a thermal diode-like material which has two directional thermal conductivity values (low and high). Finite difference analysis is used to obtain the elastic response of the slab based on the temperature solutions. It is found that the rate of heat transfer through the thickness of the slab decreases with reducing the ratio between the low and high thermal conductivity values (R). In addition, reducing R makes the slab less responsive to the thermal load when heated from the direction associated with the low thermal conductivity value.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.130-137
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• 1990

Thermal shock stress intensity factor for an edge-cracked plate subjected to thermal shock is obtained from Bueckner's weight function method. It is shown that thermal shock stress intensity factor has maximum values with variation of time and crack length and that there is most dangerous crack length. By comparing thermal shock stress intensity factor with fracture toughness, the fracture time and critical temperature difference due to thermal shock are determined theoretically. Under constant thermal shock temperature difference, and increase of crack length is shown to increase fracture time. The theoretical fracture time is compared with experimental value measured by acoustic emission method with soda lime glass.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.157-165
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• 2008

Transient thermal response of five types of underwear(cotton jersey, wool jersey, nylon jersey, cotton mesh and polyester mesh) for a protective coverall is evaluated using a sweating thermal manikin. Experimental protocol for transient thermal response of the sweating thermal manikin was also proposed. As results, it was found that steady state thermal response from sweating thermal manikin was not sensitive enough to evaluate thermal comfort of the experimental garments. However, when half time is used as an index of the heat flux change in transient thermal response, difference was found among underwear materials. Half time of cotton was the shortest and heat transfer of cotton was the fastest followed by polyester mesh, cotton jersey, nylon jersey and wool jersey. Dynamic thermal response of wool underwear was quite different from that of cotton underwear. Wool shows quite less heat flow at the initial stage, however, moisture permeability of wool was higher than cotton at the later stage. It was difficult to distinguish surface temperature difference visually using thermogram taken right before the completion of dry and wet test in steady state thermal response.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.11-18
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• 2015

Purpose: The current study analyzed trends in thermal insulation performance with aging, and condensation characteristics caused by the former. Method: Thermal insulation and condensation prevention performance of an architecture were assessed using Temperature Difference Ration Inside, or TDRi. Subjects of this quantitative analysis in thermal insulation performance change due to aging included recently constructed apartments and aged apartments older than 40 years. Time series comparison and analysis were conducted to observed changes in the thermal insulation performance and condensation characteristics. Result: Analysis showed that wall insulation performance degraded with aging regardless of fortified insulating material usage or insulating material type, which caused increased danger of condensation. In addition, when fortified insulating material was installed on the connection between the walls, insulation performance degradation was lower compared to cases in which fortified materials were not used. In all cases from 1 to 10, the rate of thermal insulation performance degradation increased after 20 years of aging.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.53-63
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• 1979

The knowlege of thermal properties of rough rice has become of greate importance to the analysis of heat and mass transfer phenomenon in rice drying and storage process. Some information is available on the thermal properties of rough rice in foreign countries but is not available for these properties in Korea. A fundamental study was made to determine the thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of rough rice with line source method and to select current and resistance suitable for these properties from investigating the effect of current and resistance of heating wire on the temperature rise. The result of this study may be summarized as follows ; 1. Even through the power per unit length of heating wires is about the same, the tendency of temperature rise showed a little difference among them , and the suitable range of it for thermal properties was found to be 3.56-5.37w/m. 2. the most desirable resistance and current of heating wire was 18.40 ohm/m, 0.44 amperes among three kinds of heating wires and currents, respectively. because it took 13 minutes or so for the heating wire to reach equilibrium temperature. 3. The thermal conductivity of rough rice was 0.120-0.130 w/m$ ^\circ C$. and thermal diffusivity of it was $5.8210 $\times10^{-8} -9.7529 $\times10^{-8} m^2 /s.$ 4.The thermal conductivity showed a little difference in variation with resistance of heating wire but the variation of current of heating wire at the same resistance did not affect the thermal conductivity , and the thermal diffusivity was not affected by the variation of resistance and current.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.30-36
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• 2018

Since the freezer compartment and the refrigerating compartment are located side by side in a side-by-side refrigerator, the problems of the door height difference (DHD) and door flatness difference (DFD) have been constantly raised. Deformation of the cabinet of a built-in side-by-side refrigerator under food and thermal loads was analyzed by the finite element software ANSYS. The DHD and DFD, occurring due to the deformation of the cabinet, evaluated. From the results of the analysis of the cabinet, the 3D CAD software CATIA was used to geometrically translate and rotate the freezing and refrigerating compartment doors, in consideration of the displacement of the hinge fastening point. Then, the coordinates of two points on the upper corner of the doors were determined, and the DHD and DFD were obtained. It found that the thermal load, occurring under normal operation conditions, decreases the door height difference, but increases the door flatness difference. Values of the analyzed DHD and DFD appear smaller than the acceptance criteria used by the refrigerator manufacturer.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.80.1-80.1
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• 2011

This study was carried out in order to estimate the effect of heat pump performance by use of thermal tank with 3 seperation plates which were able to divide thermal tank into 3 chambers that have different temperatures levels. For testing the effect of developed thermal tank which was installed for supplying the heat to the paprika greenhouse in Jinju city. The volume of thermal storage tank was designed for $110m^3$ which was able to cover 30% of heating capacity. The temperature difference was 3 degree Celcius between high temperature and low temperature when only heating circulation was made from heat pump to thermal tank. but 5.5 degree Celcius difference was made when heating circulation of heat pump to thermal thank and hot water supplying circulation of thermal tank to greenhouse was done simultaneously. As a result of this study showed that COP of heat pump was increased by 15% or more than that of using normal thermal tank because heat pump was able to take 3 ~ 5 degree Celcius lower thermal thank water constantly.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.565-574
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• 1998

The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of air velocity on the thermal resistance of wool ensembles. Three suits for men with different weaving structure and density were made with the same design and size for the study. In addition, Y-shirt, underwear, and socks were prepared for constructing the ensembles. Thermal insulation of air layer and 3 ensembles were measured by using thermal manikin in environmental chamber controlled at 2$0^{\circ}C$ and 65% RH with various air velocity. The results were as follows: 1. Thermal resistance of air layer was 0.079 m2.$^{\circ}C$/W with no air velocity(less than 0.2m/sec). 2. Thermal resistance of air layer decreased with increasing the air velocity rapidly. When the air velocity was 0.25 and 2.89 m/sec, the decreasing rate was 15% and 61%, respectively compared with no air velocity. 3. While there was little difference among the effective thermal insulation of 3 ensembles having different weaving structure and density with no air velocity, there was sharp difference among them when the air velocity increased. That is, the decreasing rate of effective thermal insulation of the ensemble which has higher air permeability was higher. 4. The decreasing rates of the effective thermal resistances of plain, twill and satin ensemble were 61, 54, and 49%, respectively when the air velocity was 2.89 m/sec which was a maximum air velocity in this study.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.3 no.5
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• pp.365-375
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• 1991

Confined natural convection due to lateral temperature difference in rectangular enclosures was studied numerically and experimentally for the insulated and the constant temperature enclosures. In the case of insulated enclosure, the flow pattern and heat transfer modes are rather simple depending mainly upon Rayleigh number. In the case of isothermal enclosure, however, the phenomena of flow and heat transfer are somewhat complex and interesting due to the stable thermal gradients and various circumstances resulted from four wall temperature conditions. As a dimensionless variable, to describe properly the flow and heat transfer phenomena in the isothermal enclosure, temperature difference ratio ${\Delta}T_v/{\Delta}T_H$ is newly introduced and this parameter seems to be appropriate in the analysis of results on the effect of stabilizing thermal gradient.