• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.1064-1079
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• 2018

In this study, the antimicrobial activity of a bacteriocin produced by Enterococcus faecalis KT11, isolated from traditional Kargı Tulum cheese, was determined, and bacteriocin KT11 was partially characterized. The results showed that bacteriocin KT11 was antagonistically effective against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative test bacteria, including vancomycin- and/or methicillin-resistant bacteria. The activity of bacteriocin KT11 was completely abolished after treatment with proteolytic enzymes (proteinase K, ${\alpha}$-chymotrypsin, protease and trypsin), which demonstrates the proteinaceous nature of this bacteriocin. Additionally, bacteriocin KT11 remained stable at pH values ranging from 2 to 11 and after autoclaving at $121^{\circ}C$ for 30 min. In addition, the activity of bacteriocin KT11 was stable after treatment with several surfactants (EDTA, SDS, Triton X-100, Tween 80 and urea) and organic solvents (chloroform, propanol, methanol, ethyl alcohol, acetone, hexane and ethyl ether). Cell-free supernatant of E. faecalis KT11 was subjected to ammonium sulfate precipitation and then desalted by using a 3.5-kDa cut-off dialysis membrane. The bacteriocin activity was determined to be 711 AU/mL in the dialysate. After tricine-SDS-PAGE analysis, one peptide band, which had a molecular weight of ~3.5 kDa, exhibited antimicrobial activity. Because the bacteriocin KT11, isolated from E. faecalis KT11, exhibits a broad antimicrobial spectrum, heat stability and stability over a wide pH range, this bacteriocin can be used as a potential bio-preservative in foods. Additionally, bacteriocin KT11 alone or in combination with conventional antibiotics may provide a therapeutic option for the treatment of multidrug-resistant clinical pathogens after further in vivo studies.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.281-286
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• 2017

Background: In chemical pleurodesis for managing pulmonary air leak, tetracycline derivatives are commonly used, and their effectiveness has been established in many studies. Recently, a Viscum album extract was used in chemical pleurodesis. We compared the effects of V. album with those of a tetracycline derivative (doxycycline) to demonstrate the therapeutic effectiveness of the V. album extract in chemical pleurodesis for managing pulmonary air leak. Methods: Between October 2010 and October 2016, chemical pleurodesis was performed using doxycycline in 40 patients and the V. album extract in 37 patients. Thirty-three patients were in the postoperative state after pulmonary resection, and 44 patients suffered from spontaneous pneumothorax. Results: No statistically significant difference in the success rate was observed between the 2 groups (V. album extract and doxycycline). In both groups, chest pain was the most common complication. More patients in the doxycycline group complained of severe chest pain (42.1% vs. 13.5%, p=0.006). In the V. album extract group, 24.3% of the patients required a chest tube to drain the pleural effusion after cessation of the air leak (doxycycline group: 5%, p=0.022). Further, the amount of pleural effusion drained on the day after the last chemical pleurodesis in the V. album extract group was greater than that in the doxycycline group ($162.2{\pm}170.2mL$ vs. $97.0{\pm}77.2mL$, p=0.032). All patients were discharged from the hospital without complications after pleural effusion drainage. Conclusion: Considering that treatment using the V. album extract was less painful, V. album might be a feasible option for chemical pleurodesis. However, pleural effusion should be monitored carefully when using V. album extract for treating patients suffering from air leak.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.173-178
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• 2008

Background: The intrathecal (IT) $GABA_A$ receptor antagonist, bicuculline (BIC), results in tactile allodynia (TA) through disinhibition in the spinal cord. Such disinhibition is considered to be an important mechanism for neuropathic pain. Agmatine, an endogenous polyamine, has a neuro-protective effect in the central nervous system. We investigated the analgesic effects and mechanisms of agmatine action on BIC-induced TA. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighting 250-300 g, were subjected to implantations of PE-10 into the lumbar subarachnoid space for IT drug injection. Five days after surgery, either $10{\mu}l$ of normal saline (NS) or agmatine ($30{\mu}g$ or $10{\mu}g$) in $10{\mu}l$ NS were injected 10 min prior to BIC ($10{\mu}g$) or NMDA ($5{\mu}g$). We assessed the degree of TA (graded 0: no response, 1: mild response, 2: moderate response, 3: strong response) every 5 min for 30 min. Areas under curves and degree of TA were expressed as mean ${\pm}$ SEM. Results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by a Tukey test for multiple comparisons. P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: IT BIC-induced strong TA reached its peak and plateaued between 10 to 15 min. IT NS-NMDA induced mild transient TA for up to 15 min. Preemptive IT AG attenuated IT BIC-induced TA dose dependently and preemptive IT AG10 completely abolished the IT NMDA-induced TA. Conclusions: Preemptive IT AG attenuated the IT BIC-induced TA through inhibitory actions on postsynaptic NMDA receptor activation. AG might be a viable therapeutic option in the treatment of neuropathic pain.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.336-346
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• 2013

Intrathecal drug delivery is an effective and safe option for the treatment of chronic pathology refractory to conventional pain therapies. Typical intrathecal administered drugs are opioids, baclofen, local anesthetics and adjuvant medications. Although knowledge about mechanisms of action of intrathecal drugs are every day more clear many doubt remain respect the correct location of intrathecal catheter in order to achieve the best therapeutic result. We analyze the factors that can affect drug distribution within the cerebrospinal fluid. Three categories of variables were identified: drug features, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics and patients features. First category includes physicochemical properties and pharmacological features of intrathecal administered drugs with special attention to drug lipophilicity. In the second category, the variables in CSF flow, are considered that can modify the drug distribution within the CSF with special attention to the new theories of liquoral circulation. Last category try to explain inter-individual difference in baclofen response with difference that are specific for each patients such as the anatomical area to treat, patient posture or reaction to inflammatory stimulus. We conclude that a comprehensive evaluation of the patients, including imaging techniques to study the anatomy and physiology of intrathecal environment and CSF dynamics, could become essential in the future to the purpose of optimize the clinical outcome of intrathecal therapy.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.138-142
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• 2014

구강 작열감 증후군(Burning mouth syndrom)은 기질적인 질환 없이 구강이 타는 듯한 통증을 호소하는 질환이다. 병인으로는 신경병증, 폐경, 영양불균형 등 여러 요인이 관련되어 있을 것으로 추정되며, 정신의학적으로는 우울증이 가장 잘 동반된다. 진통소염제, 호르몬제, 항전간제 및 항우울제 등이 치료로 시도되었으나 효과는 비특이적이다. 이 증례보고는 폐경 후 여성에서 우울증에 동반된 구강 작열감 증후군에 대한 gabapentin의 효과를 보고한다. 항우울제는 우울증상을 호전시켰지만 구강증상에는 효과가 없었다. Gabapentin을 12주간 하루 300mg 용량으로 추가 투여 후 구강증상은 주관적으로 유의하게 감소되었다. 폐경 후 여성에서 항우울제로 개선되지 않는 구강 작열감 증후군 환자에서 gabapentin의 추가 투여가 효과적일 수 있다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.1365-1372
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• 2019

본 연구는 CIA로 유도된 류마티스 관절염 모델에서 지골피 추출물이 류마티스관절염 관련 인자에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 동물 모델에 류마티스관절염을 유발한 후 지골피 추출물을 4주간 200 mg/kg/day 용량으로 경구 투여하였다. 이후 혈액, 방사선 및 조직 분석에 기초하여 효과를 평가하였다. 그 결과, 대조군에 비해 지골피 추출물은 사이토카인, 케모카인 및 면역글로불린 생성을 유의하게 감소시켰다. 또한, 지골피 추출물은 중족골을 효과적으로 보존하였으며, H&E 및 M&T 염색에서도 대조군에 비해 조직 병리학적 개선이 있음을 보여주었다. 이와 같은 결과는 지골피 추출물이 류마티스관절염 증상을 완화시켰음을 나타내고 있다. 따라서 지골피 추출물은 류마티스 관절염 관리를 위한 새로운 치료옵션이 될 수 있다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.200-205
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• 2018

This retrospective study is designed to compare the clinical results of tibial tuberosity transposition (TTT) and anti-rotation suture (ARS) treatments for medial patellar luxation (MPL). Medical records of 133 dogs were reviewed that had undergone surgical correction of MPL between January 2013 and May 2017. MPL correction was performed on 182 stifles, with TTT and ARS being performed on 101 stifles and 81 stifles. The common dog breeds receiving surgical treatment for MPL were Maltese, Pomeranian, Chihuahua and Poodle. Mean age of dogs with MPL was 32.6 months, and their mean body weight was 4.26 kg. Seventy dogs (52.6%) were male and 63 (47.4%) were female. Of the 182 stifles with MPL, grade II, III and IV were 18.7%, 72.0% and 9.3%. Total complications after TTT and ARS were recorded in 16.8% and 29.6%. Major complications after TTT and ARS were recorded in 5.9% and 12.3%, minor complications after TTT and ARS were recorded in 10.9% and 17.3%. The risk of complication and reluxation rate after TTT were significantly lower than that for ARS (p < 0.05). However, the rate of reluxation among dogs treated by ARS (1.2%) for grade II MPL was significantly lower than that for dogs treated by ARS (8.6%) for grade III MPL (p < 0.05). The TTT group had a shorter recovery period after surgical intervention than that in the ARS group (p < 0.001). In conclusion, TTT had a significantly lower incidence of complication and a shorter recovery period than ARS. However, ARS for grade II MPL appears to be a good surgical option for reducing the rate of reluxation after surgery. These results of this study could be used to provide therapeutic guidelines for surgical MPL correction in small-breed dogs.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.97-109
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• 2014

Objectives Bee venom acupuncture (BVA) is emerging as a potential therapeutic option for several conditions. However, evidence regarding accurate estimates of its adverse events are not available. Therefore, by combining occurrence rates of adverse events in relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs), we have aimed to give an overall estimated rate of each adverse event following BVA intervention. Methods A systematic search for adverse events of BVA in Pubmed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, NDSL, KoreaMed, KISS, RISS, KISTI, and KMbase was performed. For the quality assessment of the trials, we applied the CONSORT harms reporting recommendations. The overall occurrence rate of each adverse event was assessed as the primary outcome. The overall drop-out rate due to adverse events was assessed as the secondary outcome. Results Ten RCTs reported adverse events following BVA. Two RCTs were eligible of further synthesis. Adverse events of pruritus, localized edema, and erythema occurred significantly more frequently in the BVA group compared to the control group. Data of drop-outs were available in seven RCTs. However, no comparisons showed a significant difference. Conclusions Currently evidence of adverse events is far from sufficient for assessing a reliable, precise occurrence rate. Still, limited evidence shows a tendency that adverse events occur more frequently after the appliance of BVA compared to the control. Thus, we await well designed future studies of BVA with more proper and strict harms reporting methods.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.3753-3757
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• 2016

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate whether electrochemotherapy is a clinically and cost-effective treatment option against skin tumors. Materials and Methods: We performed an analysis of the current literature based on database searches in PubMed/MEDLINE and we included articles till July 2012. Terms used for the search were 'electrochemotherapy', 'skin cancer', 'recurrence', and 'cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors'. Only papers published in English were included. In addition, we performed an analysis of the cost effectiveness of the method. Results: The combination of physics and chemistry is the foundation for electrochemotherapy and its efficacy, independent of the tumor histology. Clinical data showed that ECT is well tolerated and can be used in difficult cases without other available treatment options. The analysis also showed that the treatment is feasible and cost-effective. Conclusions: Electrochemotherapy is a clinically efficient safe and cost-effective treatment and clinicians should not hesitate to use it as alternative therapeutic modality or as palliative treatment.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제35권9호
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• pp.684-687
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• 2002

만성 색전성 폐동맥 고혈압의 치료는 폐이식을 제외하면 폐동맥 색전제거술이 유일하지만, 수술 사망률이 6.6∼23%로 높게 보고되고 있다. 수술을 시행하기 전에 수술의 적응이 되는 환자인지를 판단하고, 수술을 시행할 때 전체 폐동맥 분지에 대해 충분히 색전을 제거하는 것이 수술의 성공적인 시행을 결정하는 가장 중요한 요인이다. 본원에서는 만성 폐동맥 색전증의 수술적 치료시 완전순환정지를 적용하여 좋은 수술 시야를 확보함으로써 각 구역 폐동맥수준까지 혈전을 제거하는 것이 유용한 방법임을 확인할 수 있었고, 술 후 합병증이 없이 안전하게 시행할 수 있었음을 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.