• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.1-16
• /
• 2014

This study was to examine whether high school students' academic motivation and learning strategies influence their competence. Of the 600 high school students surveyed from 3 high schools in two metropolitan cities, Korea, 489 completed and returned the questionnaires yielding a total response rate of 81.50%. The final sample consisted of 399 males (81.6%) and 82 females (16.8%). Among the final sample, 113 students were gifted, and 376 students were non-gifted. Their average age was 17.20 years. Measures of students' competence (i.e., cognitive competence, and social competence), academic motivation (i.e., intrinsic motivation to know, toward accomplishment, and to experience stimulation, and extrinsic motivation identified, introjected, and external regulation, and amotivation), and learning strategies (i.e., metacognition, self-monitoring, strategy formation) Spearman's rho(${\rho}$) indicated that students' competence was positively associated with intrinsic (i.e., to know, toward accomplishment, to experience stimulation) and extrinsic (i.e., identified, introjected) motivation, and learning strategies. However, students' competence was negatively associated with amotivation. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed that intrinsic motivation (i.e., to experience stimulation), extrinsic motivation(i.e., external regulation), and learning strategies (i.e., strategy formation) were the crucial contributors for enhancing students' competence. Results are discussed in relation to theoretical implications and school settings.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.607-628
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study was to compare gifted and non-gifted high school students on their perceptions of success, grit, aspirations, and achievement goal orientation. Of the 550 high school students surveyed from 4 high schools (i.e., two schools for gifted, two school for non-gifted) in three metropolitan cities, Korea, 496 (i.e., 153 gifted and 343 non-gifted) completed and returned the questionnaire yielding a total response rate of 90.18%. Measures of students' grit (i.e., consistency of interest, and perseverance of effort), aspirations (i.e., intrinsic aspirations - physical fitness, self-growth, affiliation, community contribution, and extrinsic aspirations - financial success, image, fame), achievement goal orientation (i.e., mastery, performance approach and performance avoidance), and perceptions of success (i.e., Success in life is pretty much determined by forces outside our control.) were administered. It was found that the majority of gifted students and non-gifted students perceived that "success is outside our control.", and chose 'hard-working' as the most influential factor on their success. 60.4% of non-gifted students chose 'wealthy family background' as the other most influential factor, whereas only 48.2% of gifted did. Gifted students had higher 'consistency of interest' and 'mastery goals' than non-gifted students. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed that grit (i.e., perseverance of effort) was the crucial contributors for enhancing both gifted and non-gifted students' mastery goals and performance approach goals. Results are discussed in relation to theoretical implications and school settings.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.57-70
• /
• 2017

It is anticipated that the employment structure of the whole industry will change drastically as the Fourth Industrial Revolution era arrives. Particularly, there are numerous reseraches that the development of artifical intelligence will promote automation causing jobs in manufacturing industry to decrease; thus, the economy will be reorganized with service-centered jobs, which heavily depend on human ability. This study was conducted to verify the trend-forecasting model based on the theoretical analysis. We analyzed the change in employment structure over the past decades in each country and period to gain insights from the changes in the employment structure caused by the Fourth Industrial Revoltion. The results of this study are as follows: First, we investigaed whether the current economy is moving along the U-shaped model suggested by an existing researcher. As a result of the analysis, the data substantiated that the change of the employment structure is moving along the U-shaped model. It is also suggested that this U-shaped trend is expected to accelerate in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. In the future, more accurate data analyses are needed to verify the model, and additional researches on the change in the employment structed is also needed.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.153-161
• /
• 2011

Focusing upon the post-adoption stage of IS, this study reasoned that IS users' personality is one of major influencing factors of continuous IS usage intention and empirically examined how the degree of continuous IS usage intention is variable according to the IS users' personality types classified based on MBTI(Myers Briggs Type Indicator). In order to validate the research model and hypotheses, this study made a field survey of 330 IS users and statistically analysed response data. The results of empirical analyses showed that the intent of continuous IS usage was affected by self-efficacy of IS; and self-efficacy by self-leadership of IS; and self-leadership by IS user' personality type and expectation confirmation. That is, it was found that IS users' personality type and three intervening variables(expectation confirmation, self-leadership and self-efficacy) were significant predictors of the intent of continuous IS usage. This study is thought to be contributive to providing the theoretical basis of finding IS success factors in the post-adoption stage and the practical guideline for effective personnel management relevant to IS implementation.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.97-119
• /
• 2011

This paper, as an initiative to fertilize analyses on women's technoscientific practices, reviews theoretical discussions and empirical studies in-between feminism and STS, mainly owing its thinking technologies to Karen Barad's Agential Realism. The first part of this paper shows that women's technoscientific practices as research sites are not only fertile grounds between STS and feminism but also conflict areas between constructivist theories and feminist politics. The second part proposes Agential Realism as an way of thinking to deal with 'conflicts' between STS and feminism in analytical levels. Agential Realism provides useful conceptual tools for 'techno-scientific ways of thinking' through the reconceptualization of agency, the displacement of agency by accountability, and the configuration of STS analysis as 'apparatus.' The third part finds three examples of 'techno-scientific ways of thinking' on women's technscientific practices from previous feminist STS works, which suggests how to analyze not only women's technoscientific practices but also diverse practices of science, technology, and medicine as follows: follow 'the invisible', account for 'ontological choreography', and 'care' for what is analyzed.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.63-104
• /
• 2004

Economists have long been involved in various studies, theoretical and empirical, on the economic gains from innovative activities and as their outcome, intellectual properties. In Korea, however, research in this field has experienced rather slow progress, partly due to the lack of data availability and the awareness of its importance. This study attempts to measure the economic impact of patents on market value of firms from a microeconomic point of view. Analyses are performed to examine the ex-ante market valuation of patent acquisition activities by investigating the effect of patent acquisitions on daily stock prices as well as on annual market values. The study on the effect of a disclosure of granted patents on daily stock prices reveals that the economic value of a firm's patent acquisition is fairly high. The study on listed firms also reveals that a firm's patent registration stock has a positive and statistically significant effect on its year-end market value. Therefore, it can be concluded that the analysis performed in this study supports the validity of Korea's current patent system. The result, however, does not guarantee the optimality of current system. Studies on various aspects of intellectual property should follow to shape the system into a socially optimal one.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.277-306
• /
• 2008

Knowledge1 is considered to be a key element of understanding how organizations gain and sustain competitive advantages. But very few firms are capable of creating the requisite knowledge and thus, firms should acquire and exploit new knowledge through knowledge transfer processes. The empirical part of this study involves examining relationships among adaptability of knowledge and knowledge transfer and marketing performance and testing the moderating roles of absorptive capacity, socialization and local marketing knowledge. This study is organized as follows: (1) Previous literature on knowledge, knowledge transfer and absorptive capacity is summarized, followed by the development of hypotheses derived from the knowledge-based view and absorptive capacity. (2) The hypotheses are tested with data collected from MNCs' subsidiaries performing marketing activities in Korea.Thestudyisclosedwithfindings,implications,andconclusions. Following six research hypotheses are drawn from literature review in related areas: H1: Adaptability of knowledge transferred from the MNCs' headquarters and other subsidiaries is positively associated with knowledge inflows into the receiving subsidiary. H2: The level of marketing knowledge transferred from the MNCs' headquarters and other subsidiaries is positively associated with marketing performance of the receiving subsidiary. H3: Increases in potential absorptive capacity will enhance the relationship between adaptability of knowledge and the level of marketing knowledge transfer. H4: Increases in realized absorptive capacity will enhance the relationship between the level of knowledge transfer and marketing performance of the receiving subsidiary. H5: Increases in socialization activity among the headquarters and subsidiaries will enhance the relationship between adaptability of knowledge and the level of marketing knowledge transfer. H6: Increases in the level of locally developed marketing knowledge will enhance the relationship between the level of knowledge transfer and marketing performance of the receiving subsidiary. The research framework that illustrates the proposed hypotheses is presented in figure 1. The unit of analysis for this study is knowledge transfer from the MNCs' headquarters and other subsidiaries to their subsidiaries operating in South Korea. The population for this study consists of subsidiaries established either as joint ventures or as wholly-owned subsidiaries. A group of 603 foreign firms were drawn from diverse industry organizations and business societies. After personal contact, telephone, fax, and e-mail to request that the respondents complete the questionnaire, 282 valid questionnaires from 133 initial sample companies were collected. The results of the empirical analyses significantly support all of the proposed hypotheses except hypothesis 3. Adaptability of external knowledge promotes knowledge transfer and the relationship is moderated by a firm's potential knowledge absorptive capacity. On the other hand, knowledge transfer improves a firm's marketing performance and a firm's realized knowledge absorptive capacity and local marketing knowledge moderate the relationship. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings in this study are as follows: (1) firms must take seeking, transferring, sharing and exploiting of external knowledge into serious consideration, while simultaneously creating knowledge to support the necessary business operations, remain competitive, and achieve superior performance. (2) Firms should continuously seek to develop their knowledge absorptive capacity (both potential and realized capacity) to absorb, learn and utilize valuable external knowledge. (3) Firms should emphasize not only absorptive capacity, but also development of local knowledge. Firms with strong absorptive capability and local knowledge can learn and transfer more external knowledge, which can be translated into greater levels of competence and performance.

• Progress in Medical Physics
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.55-61
• /
• 2002

In this work, EPM (effective point of measurement) of parallel plate ionization chamber with three different spacing were investigated. If the plate separation is less than 2 mm one generally assumes that the effective point of measurement is just behind the front window of the parallel plate ionization chamber. For chamber with relatively large separation, such as the ones used for very accurate exposure measurements, this assumption breaks down and the EPM depends on plate separation and thickness of the front window. For parallel plate chambers, conventional theoretical analyses suggest that the EPM is the inner front wall and that it shifts towards the geometric centre of the chamber as the plate separation increases. The PP-IC (parallel plate ionization chamber) is fabricated using acrylic plate for the chamber medium and printed circuit board for electrical configuration. The various sizes of the sensitive volumes designed so far are 0.9, 1.9, and 3.1 cc. The gap between two electrodes ranges from 3, 6, and 10mm. Also the charge-to-voltage converter is designed to collect the electrons produced in the ionization chamber cavity. As the result of our experiment, the EPM shift was within 0.6 mm in photon beams and 0.4 mm to 2.5 mm in electron beams for the plate separation of 6 mm and 10 mm. EPM shifts towards the geometric center of the chamber as the plate separation increases.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.13 no.10
• /
• pp.101-108
• /
• 2015

Purpose - The convenience store business sector in South Korea has contributed to economic growth and job creation, and the growth potential of this market segment remains very high. In addition, service value is a more important factor than price in determining purchase intention. Research in the convenience store market is relatively very low compared to other retail sectors. In particular, research on service quality for the convenience of retailers who examine and analyze customer behavior and service quality factors used in the convenience store side of the situation is very inadequate. We have investigated the relationship of store service quality, service satisfaction, and store loyalty. In addition, we have examined the way service value moderates the relationship among these variables. Research design, data, and methodology - The questionnaire was developed using modified and supplementary questions based on the KD-SQS and RSQS models. The study suggested a theoretical model composed of 15 hypotheses on the relations between theoretic variables, and surveys conducted with consumers in discount stores in the Seoul and Gyunggi Metropolitan area in order to verify the hypotheses. We used the SPSS/PC statistical packages to analyze the results. The number of surveys used was 227. Moreover, a structural equating model was also used to analyze the reliability and validity of the composing elements and to verify the suggested hypotheses. Results - The overall results of this study are as follows. First, all service quality elements have a significant effect on service satisfaction. Second, all service quality elements have a significant effect on store loyalty. Third, service satisfaction has a significant effect on store loyalty. Finally, when the participants were divided into high and low service value the results of the multiple regression analyses showed that only the relationship between policy of service quality and satisfaction, and human interaction and policy of service quality and loyalty were significant. The implications are discussed based on the findings of the study. Conclusions - First, through direct hypotheses testing, we confirmed that the convenience service quality positively impacts the service satisfaction and loyalty of buyers. In particular, the reliability, origin benefit, and promotion were found to have more influence on satisfaction and loyalty of consumers of a convenience store. Further, for the service quality of the convenience for the consumer loyalty, greater human interaction was a high-value and statistically significantly higher than the degree of improvement in consumer loyalty. This underscores the importance of education and human services management of employees working in a convenience store. In particular, frequent changes in personnel generate results that negatively impact loyalty with customers. These results may lead to a serious problem in the economics of the store. Therefore, it should enhance the value of services through the establishment of training and compensation for employees. In addition, a certain educational level is required as well as a basis for compensation and retention.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.13 no.8
• /
• pp.61-71
• /
• 2015

Purpose - Before the year 2000, the housing prices in Korea were increasing every decade. After 2000, for the first time, Korea experienced a decrease in housing prices, and the repetitive cycle of price fluctuation started. Such a "boom and bust cycle" is a worldwide phenomenon. The current study proposes a mathematical model to explain price fluctuation cycles based on the theory of consumer psychology. Specifically, the model incorporates the effects of buyer expectations of future prices on actual price changes. Based on the model, this study investigates various independent variables affecting the amplitude of price fluctuations in housing markets. Research design, data, and methodology - The study provides theoretical analyses based on a mathematical model. The proposed model uses the following assumptions of the pricing mechanism in housing markets. First, the price of a house at a certain time is affected not only by its current price but also by its expected future price. Second, house investors or buyers cannot predict the exact future price but make a subjective prediction based on observed price changes up to the present. Third, the price is determined by demand changes made in previous time periods. The current study tries to explain the boom-bust cycle in housing markets with a mathematical model and several numerical examples. The model illustrates the effects of consumer price elasticity, consumer sensitivity to price changes, and the sensitivity of prices to demand changes on price fluctuation. Results - The analytical results imply that even without external effects, the boom-bust cycle can occur endogenously due to buyer psychological factors. The model supports the expectation of future price direction as the most important variable causing price fluctuation in housing market. Consumer tendency for making choices based on both the current and expected future price causes repetitive boom-bust cycles in housing markets. Such consumers who respond more sensitively to price changes are shown to make the market more volatile. Consumer price elasticity is shown to be irrelevant to price fluctuations. Conclusions - The mechanism of price fluctuation in the proposed model can be summarized as follows. If a certain external shock causes an initial price increase, consumers perceive it as an ongoing increasing price trend. If the demand increases due to the higher expected price, the price goes up further. However, too high a price cannot be sustained for long, thus the increasing price trend ceases at some point. Once the market loses the momentum of a price increase, the price starts to drop. A price decrease signals a further decrease in a future price, thus the demand decreases further. When the price is perceived as low enough, the direction of the price change is reversed again. Policy makers should be cognizant that the current increase in housing prices due to increased liquidity can pose a serious threat of a sudden price decrease in housing markets.