• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.1-14
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• 2010

This study is focused on the image benefit cost criterion value and the pure image benefit figure of the local food service industries, V, T, and O based on the theory and factor-analyses of food service industry. To accomplish the aim of this study, theoretical and positive research methods have been applied. The steps of food service image decision projects for the activating of identification on food service have been examined through theories and positive analyses. As the results, 'the image of menu service' appears to be the most effectual factor on the pure image benefit score, which is the priority order of the project planning for the food service image marketing of Jeonju area. As for the image benefit cost criterion value, 'the image of managemental service system', 'the image of approachability', and 'the service of internal surroundings' have been proved to be the most effectual factor in V, T, O respectively. On the other hand, this study shows that V manages its image of food service most effectually with 1.7 billion won, T with 96 million won, O with 7.2 million won for the image marketing strategy.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 1998

The purpose of this paper is twofold : to identify loyalty applicable to segmentation of theme park users and to find characteristics of the segments. Thetheme park was regarded as a product and Lotte World was regarded as a brand. One hundred thirty five college students were selected by nonprobability sampling for two waves thirty of data collection. Both behavioral and attitudinal dimension of loyalty were measured in the first wave by the proportion of visit of the Lotte World to 3 major theme parks for one year, including the Lotte World, and by calculating the mean score of selected 7 attitudinal items, respectively. After 14 weeks, the same respondents were asked the number of actual visits of the Lotte World. Medians of two dimensions and cluster analyses were utilized to classify the respondents into 4 categories : high, spurious, latent, and low loyalty. Then ANOVA and $$\chi$^2$ test of independence were conducted to find the difference in intention to visit the Lotte World and actual visitation of it among groups. Only intention was significantly different by the group and the mean score of intention was highest in the high loyalty group. Although no statistical difference was found in actual visitation among groups, the theory of planned behavior provided a theoretical support to conclude that the loyalty is a useful variable for segmentation of theme park users because intention is an antecedent variable to the behavior. Discriminant analyses showed that characteristics of each loyalty group can be differentiated by motivations and constraints. When median was a group classification criterion, 73.2 percent of high loyalty group was correctly classified. A few comments were suggested on data collection, and inclusion of new discriminant variables was discussed for the future research.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.21 no.3 s.76
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• pp.52-57
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• 2007

Composite material is one of the strongest candidates for deep see pressure hulls. Research regarding composite cylinders, subjected to hydrostatic pressure, has been ongoing for a couple of decades, abroad, but domestic research is very new. Experimental investigations seem necessary, in order to understand their structural behavior not only up to the ultimate limit state, but in the post-ultimate regime. That experimental information will be very helpful in the development of any theoretical methods or to substantiate any commercial numerical packages for structural analyses. In this study, ultimate strength tests on seven composite cylinders subjected to hydrostatic pressure are reported, which includes the fabrication method of models, mechanical properties of the material, initial shape imperfection measurements, test procedure, and strain and axial shortening measurements during the tests. The ultimate strengths of the models were compared with predictions of numerical analyses. The numerical predictions are higher than the test results. It seems necessary to improve the accuracy of the numerical predictions by considering the initial shape and material imperfections.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.453-460
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• 2015

Since the Fukushima nuclear accident, several researchers are extensively studying the effect of torsion on the piping systems In nuclear power plants. Piping installations in power plants with a circumferential crack can be operated under combined loading conditions such as bending and torsion. ASME Code provides flaw evaluations for fully plastic fractures using limit load criteria for the structural integrity of the cracked pipes. According to the recent version of Code, combined loadings are provided only for the membrane and bending. Even though actual operating conditions have torsion loading, the methodology for evaluating torsion load is not established. This paper provides the results of limit load analyses by using finite element models for circumferentially cracked pipes under pure bending, pure torsion, and combined bending and torsion with tension. Theoretical limit load solutions based on net-section fully plastic criteria are suggested and verified with the results of finite element analyses.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.2793-2800
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• 2015

In molecular-targeted cancer therapy, acquired resistance to gemcitabine is a major clinical problem that reduces its effectiveness, resulting in recurrence and metastasis of cancers. In spite of great efforts to reveal the overall mechanism of acquired gemcitabine resistance, no definitive genetic factors have been identified that are absolutely responsible for the resistance process. Therefore, we performed a cross-platform meta-analysis of three publically available microarray datasets for cancer cell lines with acquired gemcitabine resistance, using the R-based RankProd algorithm, and were able to identify a total of 158 differentially expressed genes (DEGs; 76 up- and 82 down-regulated) that are potentially involved in acquired resistance to gemcitabine. Indeed, the top 20 up- and down-regulated DEGs are largely associated with a common process of carcinogenesis in many cells. For the top 50 up- and down-regulated DEGs, we conducted integrated analyses of a gene regulatory network, a gene co-expression network, and a protein-protein interaction network. The identified DEGs were functionally enriched via Gene Ontology hierarchy and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses. By systemic combinational analysis of the three molecular networks, we could condense the total number of DEGs to final seven genes. Notably, GJA1, LEF1, and CCND2 were contained within the lists of the top 20 up- or down-regulated DEGs. Our study represents a comprehensive overview of the gene expression patterns associated with acquired gemcitabine resistance and theoretical support for further clinical therapeutic studies.

• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.154-157
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• 2006

Composite material is one of the strong candidates for deep see pressure hulls. Research regarding composite unstiffened or stiffened cylinders subjected to hydrostatic pressure has a couple of decades history abroad but domestic research is very new. Experimental investigations seem necessary to understand their structural behavior not only up to the ultimate limit state but in post-ultimate regime. Those experimental information will be very helpful to develop any theoretical methods or to substantiate any commercial numerical packages for structural analyses. In this study, ultimate strength tests on seven composite cylinders subjected to hydrostatic pressure are reported, which includes the fabrication method of models, material properties of the material, initial shape imperfection measurements, test procedure and strain and axial shortening measurements during the tests. The ultimate strengths of the models were compared with those of numerical analyses. The numerical predictions are higher than the test results. It is necessary to improve the accuracy of the numerical predictions.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.74-80
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• 2009

In this study, the static and modal analyses to find the characteristic of eigenvalues for a towed cable were with a free boundary condition at the bottom end carried out with numerical study. The resulting numerical code with finite element method was used to study sample problems for a cable with towing speeds. After tracing the equilibrium state with a towing speed through the static analysis, modal analysis on the basis of static results was performed. The static top tension for a critical towing speed is nearly 50 percent of what it was for a free hanging pipe. From static analyses, it is found that towing speed has a noticeable effect on top tension of a towed pipe. At a high towing speed, differences between the first and second periods become larger. Compared to the fundamental period for a free hanging pipe, that for a towed pipe with a critical towing speed is approximately 1.4 times larger. This result is very important point in that the lock in condition and tension of the towed cable system with top excitation can be predicted. The corrected close form solution to solve natural periods for a towed cable was presented in this study. The code is validated by comparison of the results of theoretical and numerical studies. Two results were in very good agreement. This study can contribute to predicting the lock-in condition and tension for a towed cable or pipe with top excitation.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.43 no.1 s.343
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• pp.95-102
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• 2006

In this paper, we present the performance analysis and design of a multi-path searcher operating over Rayleigh fading channels when multiple transmit antennas are employed in the down-link of W-CDMA system. The simulation results for the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) for 1, 2, and 4 transmit antennas are presented to corroborate the theoretical analyses. We also propose a procedure to find the optimum parameters of double-dwell serial searcher according to the number of the multiple transmit antennas. Our analyses and simulations indicate that post-detection integration is not necessary when the number of transmit antennas is more than two. Finally, we found that increasing transmit diversity order does not necessarily improve the detection performance when the received pilot signal strength is relatively low. Therefore, this gives us a practical criterion on increasing transmit diversity order.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.583-588
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• 2015

Asymptotic method has been often used to theoretically analyze the complete contact problem. The error of the asymptotic results increases as the distance from the contact edge increases. The singularity cannot be properly obtained from a finite element (FE) analysis owing to the finiteness of the element size. In the present work, the complete contact problem in bonded condition is analyzed using a combined experimental-numerical approach to assist and/or compare with the asymptotic results. Al and Cu alloys are used for the material combination of the punch and substrate. 120 and 135 degrees are used for the punch angle. The FE models are validated by comparison of displacement distributions obtained by the FE analysis and $moir{\acute{e}}$ experiment. Generalized stress intensity factors are evaluated using the validated FE models. Stress field in the vicinity of the sharp contact edges obtained from the FE and asymptotic analyses are compared. The discrepancies are also discussed.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.71-82
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• 2018

Purpose - This study examined the effects of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation on employee creativity. Past research has consistently shown that intrinsic motivation is positively related to creativity. Yet conflicting results have been reported about the relationship between extrinsic motivation and creativity. To explore the reason why extrinsic motivation can either help or hurt creativity, we examined the role of contingent rewards as a moderator and tested whether either tangible or intangible rewards contingent upon creative performance significantly impact the relationship between extrinsic motivation and creativity. Research design, data, and methodology - Survey data was collected from employees working for diverse organizations in Korea through online research firm. Only employees who reported their job or organization provided opportunities to use their creativity were allowed to continue the survey. Out of 305 initial responses collected, those with too much missing data were deleted, which finally left 278 responses for statistical analyses. To examine the validity of the measurements, confirmatory factor analysis was first conducted. Next, to test the hypothesized relationships, multiple hierarchical regression analyses were conducted. Results - As hypothesized, both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation had positive effects on creativity. It was shown that contingent rewards did not influence the positive relationship between intrinsic motivation and creativity, but did significantly moderate the relationship between extrinsic motivation and creativity in a way that tangible rewards strengthened the relationship while intangible rewards mitigated the same relationship. Conclusions - This research enhances our understanding on the relationship between motivation type, rewards, and creativity. Intrinsically motivated employees showed a high level of creativity regardless of whether rewards were expected or not. In contrast, extrinsically motivated employees showed more or less creative behavior depending on whether they were expected to have tangible or intangible rewards. As extrinsic motivation is typically associated with tangible rewards such as pay, promotion, etc., tangible rewards were seen to be more effective in promoting creative performance from extrinsically motivated employees than intangible rewards. Our findings make a significant theoretical contribution to reconcile prior inconsistent findings. Furthermore, they provide useful insights for managers and organizations into developing effective strategies for facilitating employee creativity.