• 의학교육논단
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.169-174
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• 2017

This study explores the phenomenon of learner reflection in writing. Sixty-nine reflection logs were submitted by students after medical interview role plays. Using thematic analysis methodology, the following three steps were carried out: (1) the entire contents of the logs were analyzed and coded, (2) the coded contents were reclassified and categorized into higher themes, and (3) all reflection logs were re-analyzed to derive the frequency according to their classifications. The learners' reflection contents were classified into 'preparation,' 'experience,' and 'future plan.' The levels of reflection were 'simple information and appreciation,' 'acquisition and application of knowledge,' and 'analysis and criticism.' The types of reflection were identified only at the level of 'analysis and criticism' and could be classified into 'relativization,' 'objectification,' and 'internalization.' Students' reflection levels were highest in the levels of 'acquisition and application of knowledge' (49.3%), and 'analysis and criticism' (37.7%). A total of 14.5% of the students showed 'internalization.' In order to enable internalized reflection at a critical level, instructional strategies to induce and promote reflection are needed.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.57-84
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• 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine the perceptions of early childhood educators about the role of middle managers in daycare centers. Methods: A survey was conducted with 254 educators including directors, middle managers, and teachers working at daycare centers located in Jeonbuk. An interview was then conducted with 18 educators working at six different centers. IPA for the survey and thematic analysis were performed for the interview contents. Results: The results show that all the participants perceived that communication among managers, daycare staff, and related organizations should be improved most urgently; in the interview, middle managers as a solver of the uncomfortable relationship between directors and teachers and as a linker between generations were emphasized. Also, the directors and middle managers recognized that the skills to have as middle managers needed to be improved most urgently, and the teachers recognized nothing needed to be improved urgently. Different emphasis for the need of supports for environment and systems was made in the interview by each position. Conclusion/Implications: The study discussed the necessity of the official position of middle managers in a daycare center to promote the professionalism of early childhood educators.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.33-43
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• 2023

Purpose: The present study demonstrates the netnography technique to explore and understand crowds' perceptions on the donation distribution by charitable crowdfunding platform official social media, Facebook. Research design, data and methodology: This paper conducts a netnography design to examine the perceptions of online communities on four prominent charitable crowdfunding platforms' Facebook. A total of 93 comments are studied by collecting and analyzing their comments thematically. Results: This study illustrates two main themes which are 'Recommended Review' and 'Non-Recommended Review'. 'Recommended Review' can be explained into six sub-themes which are 'Role of Religion', 'Encouragement to Donate', 'Platform Reliability', 'Volunteering Value', 'Platform Support', and 'Donation Convenience'. While 'Non-Recommended Review' reveals that 'Rejected Donation Amounts', 'Rejection of Advertisements', and 'Review by Authorities'. Conclusion: Online community comments play an important role in providing input to the experience of donating through charitable crowdfunding. The crowdfunding platform can make a benchmark for the services offered. The comments are needed to be given attention by maintaining the interaction between the platform and donors to recruit new donors and maintain existing donors. This study provides better understanding on online community perception towards charitable crowdfunding platforms. This study also contributes the discussion on charitable crowdfunding and online marketing literatures.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.76-88
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to develope education for sustainable development of understanding programme. The results of this study are as follows. Firstly, this programme is intended to enhance an university student's basic understanding, core skills and viewpoint of sustainable development. Secondly, the programme contains 10 modules, organised in four thematic sections. Each module is made up of two or three activities that are supposed to encourage adult learners in their mature understanding of sustainable development. Thirdly, there are three key teaching-learning strategies such as a case study, story telling and project study. These teaching-learning methods play a key role in the learning process. In conclusion, it is expected to indicate the goal and the value of the sustainable development clearly, and to provide the related information and knowledge constantly and systematically in the learning for sustainable development. Thus, it would be possible to enhance learner's awareness and attitudes towards sustainable development.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.589-607
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• 2019

This paper presents a comprehensive overview of recent model developments and practical issues in spatial downscaling of coarse resolution satellite-derived products. First, theoretical aspects of spatial downscaling models that have been applied when auxiliary variables are available at a finer spatial resolution are outlined and discussed. Based on a thorough literature survey, the spatial downscaling models are classified into two categories, including regression-based and component decomposition-based approaches, and their characteristics and limitations are then discussed. Second, open issues that have not been fully taken into account and future research directions, including quantification of uncertainty, trend component estimation across spatial scales, and an extension to a spatiotemporal downscaling framework, are discussed. If methodological developments pertaining to these issues are done in the near future, spatial downscaling is expected to play an important role in providing rich thematic information at the target spatial resolution.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.630-641
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of current study was to explore the positive outcomes of advanced practice nurse who have experienced the roles in their clinical settings. Methods: This study adopted a qualitative research design based on conventional content analysis. Participants were 16 nurse practitioners have been worked at hospitals or community centers. Data were collected via focus group interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis method. Results: Patients' aspect outcomes were "client-centered care in providing continuity", "providing trust based on expertise", "promoting skilled intervention in patient recovering", "blocking the negative consequences", "quality improvement: nursing becoming tighter", "providing total care for cases that require intensive care", "improving patients outcomes by total management", "increasing confidence in evidence-based professional nursing", "rising the satisfaction by cost-effective services", "providing skilled professional practice", and "providing comprehensive care related to covering various aspects". Other themes elicited also included "promoting efficacy by inter-related health professions supervising", "the expansion of specialized practice areas increase business efficiency", "formation of outside customers due to increasing the satisfaction with skilled nursing care", "filling in the emptying spaces of doctors by practicing reliable role to bridge", "attracting external customers through successful management of subjects", "increasing staff's satisfaction on the role to make a bridge between inside and outside doctors", "24 hours medical expertise of professional staff ready secured", and "low cost, same results, that is, cost-effective" in reference to health care resources aspect. Conclusion: These findings suggested that advanced practice nurses perceived various positive outcomes and provided basic data for outcome indicators of advanced practice nurses' role.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.127-135
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• 2012

Urbanization has led to a reduction in green spaces and thus transformed the spatial pattern of urban land use. An increase in air temperature directly affects forest vegetation, phenology, and biodiversity in urban areas. In this paper, we analyze the changing land use patterns and urban heat distribution (UHD) in Seoul on the basis of a spatial assessment. It is necessary to monitor and assess the functions of green spaces in order to understand the changes in the green space. In addition, we estimated the influence of green space on urban temperature using Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) imagery and climatic data. Results of the assessment showed that UHD differences cause differences in temperature variation and the spatial extent of temperature reducing effects due to urban green space. The ratio of urban heat area to green space cooling area increases rapidly with increasing distance from a green space boundary. This shows that urban green space plays an important role for mitigating urban heating in central areas. This study demonstrated the importance of green space by characterizing the spatiotemporal variations in temperature associated with urban green spaces.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.77-90
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• 1999

The degree of green naturality (DGN) has played a key role for maintaining the environmental quality from inappropriate developments, although the quality and effectiveness of the mapping of DGN has been under debate. In this study, spatial distribution of degree of green naturality was initially estimated from forest stand maps that were produced from the aerial photo interpretation and extensive field survey. Once the boundary of initial classes of DGN were defined, it were overlaid with normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data that were derived from the recently obtained Landsat Thematic Mapper data. NDVI was calculated for each pixel from the radiometrically corrected satellite image. There were no significant differences in mean values of vegetation index among the initial DGN classes. However, the satellite derived vegetation index was very effective to delineate the developed and damaged forest lands and to adjust the initial value of DGN according to the distribution of NDVI within each class.

• 한국언어정보학회지:언어와정보
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.59-79
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• 2014

This paper aims at exploring the processing mechanism of filler-gap dependency resolution and feature checking in Korean wh-constructions. Based on their findings on Japanese sentence processing, Aoshima et al. (2004) have argued that the parser posits a gap in the embedded clause in head-final languages, unlike in head-initial languages, where the parser posits a gap in the matrix clause. In order to verify their findings in the Korean context, and to further explore the mechanisms involved in processing Korean wh-constructions, the present study replicated the study done by Aoshima et al., with some modifications of problematic areas in their original design. Sixty-four Korean native speakers were presented Korean sentences containing a wh-phrase in four conditions, with word order and complementizer type as the two main factors. The participants read sentences segment-by-segment, and the reading times at each segment were measured. The reading time analysis showed that there was no such slowdown at the embedded verb in the scrambled conditions as observed in Aoshima et al. Instead, there was a clear indication of the wh-feature checking process in terms of a major slowdown at the relevant region.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.33-44
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• 2019

Objective: This study attempts to gauge the necessity of contraceptive education for women defecting from North Korea (NKDWs). Methods: We conducted in-depth interviews with six NKDWs who had lived in the Republic of Korea (ROK) for more than three years, to understand the subjects' perceptions, experiences, and opinions regarding contraception. Thematic analyses were performed using qualitative data provided in the survey results. Results: Before their defections from North Korea, none of the NKDWs had received any sex education. Loop is the only contraceptive method available to married women in ROK. After defection, NKDWs were provided information about contraceptive options available in China, but they could not fully understand this information. Furthermore, the information they received was not accurate. Thus, NKDWs had a high need for contraceptive sex education. As per our survey, their preferred education method was at least 3 lessons plus 1 : 1 counseling, as necessary. Conclusion: This study indicates that a necessity exists for development of a sex education program for NKDWs to enhance their contraceptive knowledge. Thus, government and health managers have a role to play in developing such a program.