• 대한간호학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.13-28
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• 1986

The main purpose of th study was to evaluate he validity of Korean Pain Measurement Tool composed of pain terms. The specific purposes of this study were 1. to examine whether pain intensities of pain terms are congruent with those classified in three previous studies. 2. to evaluate the relative intensity of each term by panel of judges. 3. to explore the difference of ranks of pain terms according to the sex, education, and ages. One hundred and sixty normal individuals were selected by 2$\times$2$\times$4 sampling design. Sex (male, female), education (high school, college), and age (20s, 30s, 40s, 50s) were matched. Each individual was asked to rate the ranks of 3~8 pain terms in each subclass. The data measured by ordinal scale were transformed to the interval scale to compare with the pain intensities gained from the previous study. The pain ranks different from previous results were finally rearranged or cancelled through the consultation of 4 panel of judges and sunmed up to 91 pain terms in the scale. As a result, the ranks of pain terms within each of eleven subclasses among the twenty subclasses completely were congruent with the Previous pain ranks, while the ranks of nine subclasses were different from the previous pain ranks. In addition, there was significant relation between sex and pain ranks in skin punctuate pressure pain and cavity pressure. (sp : $\chi$$^2$=5.18 ø=0.26； cp : $\chi$$^2$=5.83 ø=0.24) In conclusion, seven terms from subclasses of inflammatory repeated pain, traction pressure pain, fatigue-related pain, fear-related pain, dull pain, and pulsation. related pain were cancelled. The ranks of four terms in subclasses of incisive Pressure pain and constrictive pressure pain were tentatively rearranged. Ranks of two terms in the tract pain were left as shown in the third study. As a result, six terms must be studied repeatedly for obtaining exact scores from ratio scale.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.110-123
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• 2007

This study aims at analyzing the characteristics and the mode of deconstructionism expressed in fashion design centering on review of literatures and precedent researches. Through the review of previous studies and various articles, three major features with regard to deconstructionism were found: indeterminacy of meaning, decentralization, and inter -textuality. In fashion, the feature of indeterminacy of meaning expressed by non formula way such as unfinished, layering, obi or straight line cutting and it was divided into unstructured and unorganized factors. The feature of decentralization expressed by disorganization of sex, race, culture and humanism such as trans-gender, third world costume, sub-culture, posthumanism. Last, the feature of inter-textuality expressed by employing the fashion texts more than two simultaneously such as mixture of unmatched or unusual various clothing items, fabrics, patterns and styles. Non formality features in fahsion which divided into unstructured and unconstructed factors. The decentering of meaning means that disorganized the existing concepts of sex, race, culture and humanism features in fashion which divided into cross-gender, subculture, and post-humanism. Lastly, the feature of inter-textuality means that employed the fashion text more than two which is classified into factors of mixing mode and mixed styles. Unstructured factors were expressed by destroying the design principles such as balance, harmony and unit in fashion. Unconstructed factors were expressed by ignoring the basic costume structures and components in fashion. Cross-gender was expressed by manish and duality style in fashion and 3rd world costume was expressed by folk costume style. Anti fashion was expressed by anti aesthetics in fashion such as kitch, punk, and hippie styles. Post-human was expressed by futurism and the 4th Sex style in fashion. Mixing mode were expressed by mixture of item, and unmatched materials and pattern in fashion. Mixture of style were expressed by mixture of pastiche expression of various styles.

• 복식
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• 제59권7호
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• pp.50-64
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• 2009

In current society, products and services are positioned to match customers' lifestyles and emotions. One example of such can be collaboration strategies. Various types of collaboration can be found and should be applied to academic research in terms of fashion designing as well as in marketing. As a result, this research focuses on defining collaboration and identifying its different forms. Case studies are provided for each form of collaboration. A set of emotional factors required for collaboration and a domestic fashion brand is selected in order to carry out analysis and design production. As a result of this study, the following conclusions were reached. First, collaboration can be defined as two or more companies, brands or even individuals working together for an agreed period of time by sharing core competencies and advantages in order to pursuit profit and value creation. Second, collaboration types can be specified into two categories which are collaboration between companies within the fashion industry and collaborations with companies outside the fashion industry. In addition, companies may collaborate with the purpose of enhancing value, broadening its areas of business and to execute an event. Third, according to the case studies examined, effects of collaboration can be upgrade of brand images, variety of promotional benefits and increase in sales. Fourth, the selections of collaboration targets were made. MOGG and Sex&the City were chosen in order to apply collaboration strategies in line with promoting the domestic womens' wear market. Fifth, by considering and applying all the findings from the research, the limited edition line was produced under the design concept of 'Sex and the City with MOGG'.

• 복식
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• 제54권7호
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• pp.135-150
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• 2004

The purpose of this research was intended to investigate drag queens' and drag kings' gender identity not only as a comic and desexualized drag borrowing external characteristics of the opposite sex but also as the subject visualizing and performing' the third sex'. It also aimed to examine formative aesthetic characteristics and aesthetical value of drag queen's and drag king's fashion and to confirm the functions of drag queen's and drag kins's fashion to establish, visualize and Perform the discordant sex. For this process, research steps were as follows : 1. Understanding drag, drag queen and drag king in social, psychological context as well as in gender context. 2. Finding visualized forms which drag performance interchange with mass media 3. Analyzing similarities and differences between drag queen's fashion and drag king's fashion. 4. Examining the aesthetical characteristics and the value of drag queen's and drag king's fashion. The results of characteristics of drag queen's fashion could be categorized into stereotype, mimicry, kitch, inconsistency and commercialism. And the characteristics of drag king's fashion could be divided into reality, self-consciousness, mimicry, inconsistency, subversion and multiplicity. Drag queens create plausible impressions of feminity through the use of wigs, dresses, jewelry, makeup, hormones and through &role Playing&. Similarly drag kings produce a plausible masculinity taking gay male aesthetic using suits, crotch stuffers, facial hair, and greased hair. Male and female impersonation produce very different notions of gender performance for male and female embodiment. Drag kings' performance of masculinity demands authentic property of bodies so rather nonperformative, while drag queens' performance of femininity depends on more visible and theatrical fashion.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.318-326
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• 2011

노인인구 증가와 함께 신경학적 결함을 가진 장 노년기 성인들이 증가하면서 신경 말 언어장애 성인들 의 재활을 위하여 구어 유창성에 대한 기초연구가 필요하다. 그래서 본 연구에서는 신경언어장애가 없는 50대에서 70대 정상 성인을 대상으로 언어표본을 수집하여 연령 및 성별로 구어 유창성의 특성을 비교 분석하였다. 50대, 60대, 70대 각 연령대별 30명(남15명, 여15명)씩 총 90명의 언어 표본을 수집하여 구어 속도, 비유창성 빈도 등을 비교한 결과, 첫째, 70대 성인의 구어 속도가 50대 및 60대 성인의 구어 속도보다 느렸다. 그리고 50대, 60대 및 70대 모두 성별 간 구어 속도에서 차이가 없었다. 둘째, 50대, 60대 및 70대 성인들 간 정상적 비유창성 및 전체 비유창성의 빈도에서 차이가 없었다. 각 연령대별 성별 간에도 차이가 없었다. 셋째, 모든 연령대 성인들의 구어 속도와 비유창성 빈도와 상관이 없었다.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.181-191
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• 2013

In this study, characteristics of cultural disposition and peer conflict resolution strategies and the relationship between cultural dispositions and peer conflict resolution strategies of elementary school children were investigated. In order to achieve this research purpose, the following research questions were established. First, what are the characteristics of cultural dispositions that children have? Second, what are the characteristics of conflict resolution strategies that children use? Third, what are the relationships between cultural dispositions and peer conflict resolution strategies? The subjects of this study were 564(283 male and 281 female) 5th and 6th graders. Research instruments used to collect data were INDCOL and Conflict Resolution Strategy Scale. Collected data were analyzed using Descriptives, t-test, Pearson's Correlation Coefficient, Cross-tabs and Two-way ANOVA. As a whole, children strongly showed collectivistic pattern and there were no sex differences in terms of cultural dispositions. The distributions of styles were in the order of HC>VI>VC>HI. The distribution of conflict resolution strategies generally were in the order of integrating and compromising>Avoiding>Dominating>Obliging for total sample and there were significant sex differences in the styles of conflict resolution strategies. This study also found that there were significant correlations between cultural dispositions and conflict resolution strategies. integrating/compromising and dominating style were different according to cultural dispositions but there were no interactive effect of sex and cultural dispositions in conflict resolution strategies. Finally, the implications of this study on theory and practice were discussed and suggestions for further study were made.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제14권7호
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• pp.485-496
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• 2016

본 연구는 초등학생의 역량에 대한 평가유형과 공격성이 어떤 관계가 있는지 밝히고자 한다. 평가유형을 과대평가와 과소평가로 구분하였으며 역량에 대한 평가 유형과 성별을 독립변수로, 공격성을 종속변수로 설정하였다. SPPC, TRS, 그리고 AS 척도를 419명의 학생들과 20명의 교사들에게 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 역량에 대한 자기-교사 평가 간의 상관은 학업능력이 가장 높았다. 둘째, 과소평가 빈도는 행동 품행에서 가장 높았다. 셋째, 행동적 공격성에서 성별에 따른 차이가 나타났다. 그리고 운동능력을 과소평가할 때, 행동적 공격성이 높았다. 넷째, 신체 용모를 과소평가할 때, 공격성의 모든 하위영역인 행동적 공격성, 적대감, 분노감이 높게 나타났다. 다섯째, 적대감에서는 성별과 행동 품행 평가유형 간의 상호작용효과에서 유의미한 차이가 나타났다. 위의 결과는 역량에 대한 평가유형이 항상 공격성을 초래하는 것은 아님을 의미하며 초등학생의 공격성 감소를 위한 유용한 기초 자료가 될 것이다.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.93-107
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• 2018

A questionnaire survey was conducted on male and female college students living in Busan in May 2015 to study customer types and purchasing behaviors based on the benefit sought from undergarments. This study used a total of 460 data reports collected from 203 male and 257 female college students. The results of this study were as follows. First, the undergarment benefits sought were divided into material and function, harmony of outerwear and underwear and design. Consumers were categorized into function seekers, brand and design seekers, and undergarment indifferent customers. In addition, while male college students were likely to be function seekers, female college students were mostly brand and design seekers. Second, both male and female respondents showcased significant differences in the undergarment benefits sought depending on their customer type. Based on the customer type, male college students showed a greater difference in the undergarment benefits they sought when compared to their female counterparts, and marked differences were found in male respondents' undergarment material and function factors and female respondents' harmony factor of outerwear and underwear. Based on their sex, a significant difference in the harmony factor of outerwear and undergarments was observed. Third, after examining the purchasing behavior influenced by the customer type, this study found that both male and female students had undergarment purchasing behavior differences depending on their customer type, while function seekers and design seekers were likely to exhibit similar behaviors in purchasing undergarments regardless of their sex, except for their preferred image and purchasing method of undergarments. However, among the indifferent group of customers, there were significant differences depending on their sex.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.113-120
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• 2018

본 연구는 창업의도에 영향을 미치는 기업가정신이 취업가능성에 영향을 미치는지 확인하고자 하였다. 특히 취업을 앞두고 있는 대학생의 기업가정신이 취업가능성에 영향을 미치는지와 성별에 따라 취업가능성에 조절효과가 있는지도 탐색적으로 확인하였다. 연구 결과 첫째, 대학생의 기업가정신은 취업가능성에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 성별에 따라 기업가 정신이 구직기술, 취업가능성에 미치는 영향력은 차이가 있었다. 즉, 성별에 따라 구직기술과 취업가능성에 유의미한 조절효과가 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 셋째, 기업가정신 상위 및 하위집단 각각에서 조절변인에 따른 두 집단 간 취업가능성(직업의식, 직업탐색, 구직기술)의 평균점수를 비교해보니 남자 대학생보다 여자 대학생의 평균이 현저히 높은 편이었다. 이러한 연구 결과에 근거하여 시사점을 제시하고 미래 연구를 제안하였다.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.20-33
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to afford basic data for planning a program to strategically prevent adolescent sexual violence by clarifying the concept of sexual violence in adolescence and investigating factors influencing the adolescent attitudes towards sexual violence. Subjects of the study were 288 adolescents between the ages of 14 to 21, living in K city in Chungnam Province. The data was collected for this study between May 30 and June 13, 2001. For this study, the following materials were used as instruments: the types of attitudes toward sexual violence developed by Nam, S. Y.(2000), the antisocial personality by Min, B. K., Choi, S. J., & Lee, G. H.(1978), the self-esteem developed by Rosenberg(1965) and interpreted by Jeon, B. J.(1974), the family support developed by Cobb(1976), the stereotyped sex role and the attitude on sexuality by Kim, E. J.(1997). The data was analyzed, using SPSS 7.5 for Windows Program, descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and discriminant analysis. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Adolescents of the first type, ones blaming social morals, amounted to 34.7%(100 subjects), the second type, ones blaming the victims, amounted to 22.3%(64 subjects), the third type, ones claiming reform of consciousness, amounted to 25.3%(73 subjects), and the fourth type, ones coping actively, amounted to 17.7%(51 subjects). 2. Attitudes toward sexual violence were influenced a great deal by the sex of the subject. 3. The study revealed that various types of the attitudes toward sexual violence was significantly different from one another, related to antisocial personality(F=2.80, P=.04). Especially the first type and the third type were most different from each other. The latter showed the antisocial personality strongly, compared with the former. 4. Discriminant analysis revealed that the most powerful predictors of attitudes toward sexual violence were the sex of the subject and whether or not they had an antisocial personality. 5. The degree of possibility of identifying a risk group of adolescents was 45.9% and the possibility of identifying a non-risk group was 73.3%. The hit ratio was 67.8%. In conclusion, the results of the study lead us to understand the type of adolescent attitudes toward sexual violence. The results will be useful to furnish a guideline for nursing intervention and education programs to prevent sexual violence in adolescence.