• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제4권6호
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• pp.247-259
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• 1996

Kinematic design sensitivity analysis for vehicle in suspension systems design is performed. Suspension systems are modeled using composite joins to reduce the number of the constraint equations. This allows a semi-analytical approach that is computerized symbolic manipulation before numerical computations and that may compensate for their drawbacks. All the constraint equations including design variables are derived in symbolic equations for sensitivity analysis. By directly differentiating the equations with respect to design variables, sensitivity equations are obtained. Since the proposed method only requires the hard point data, sensitivity analysis is possible in suspension design stage.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.18-21
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• 2006

Nowadays, many people enjoy playing games in computer. In this kind of game, people often meet NPC (Non Player Character). It is the virtual character in simplified form of real player and exits in most of current computer games. Various NPCs add the reality and atmosphere of the game as well as help players. There are several techniques to embody NPC, but developers generally use AI technique. This paper discusses some artificial intelligence techniques used in game contents. Especially this paper focuses on the AI techniques used in computer games in terms of the two main approaches, symbolic approach and sub-symbolic approach.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.41-58
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to investigate the symbolic meaning of pattern designs attached on the main building of Chungcheongnam-do Provincial Government (CPG). While most of researches mainly focused on the value and evaulation of the CPG building in terms of architectural history, relatively little insight has been gained on the symbolic meaning and mature of the pattern designs. What king of connections are related between the emblem of Governor-General of Chosun(Korea) and those of CPG? What symbolic meanings are engraved on the pattern designs? The researcher then took up the task of elucidating symbolic meanings of patterns and their relation to the building. The existing pattern of the outer wall of the CPG building consists of the symbol of sun(太陽輪), mums(菊花輪), and angle of stairs(雁大角). According to the Japanese Studies of emblems, these visual elements symbolize 'the sun of Japan'((日の丸) or 'the emperor', 'the royal family', and 'rays of the sun'. Based on these preliminary findings, the researcher considered the following in-depth connections: (1) relations with the emblem of Governor-General of Chosun, (2) relations with the emblems of local autonomous entity, Kyoungsung in Chosun. (3) relations with the emblem designs of the local provinces in Japan etc. In conclusion, patterns of the main building were not just an architectural decoration, but they had significant meanings utilizing design elements and methods adopted by local autonomous entities in Japan, The patterns found at the ceilling and floor of hall in the CPG building were associated with the emblem of Governor-General of Chosun. Therefore, all the patterns of the CPG building are powerful symbols that have meanings for the colonial rule by using the shape and method of city identities that Japanese local provinces had enacted. That is, it came out into the open that they were designed for special meanings that Korean and Japanese are united as a single body(內鮮一體) for a subject of the Emperor of Japan(皇國臣民).

• 복식문화연구
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.737-752
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to understand the medieval culture and medieval religious costume by analysing and grasping the formative characteristics of image of medieval religious costume in the modern fashion that were represented to the modern fashion, and also to offer materials to predict the history of fashion in the future by considering the progress of modern fashion and recognizing the fashion to be progress. To examine the image of medieval religious costume in the modern fashion, this thesis divided it into avant-garde image, symbolic image, and mysterious image. These can be summarized as follows. First, in avant-garde image, the harmony between characteristic eroticism and heterogeneous materials are expressed and the formative change of religious costume into general costume are expressed. Second, in symbolic image, the symbolic meanings of the medieval clergy man's costume is expressed in modem fashion while its religious meanings and senses are expressed with symbolic image. Third, in mysterious image, the abundant and profound lights and colors express the mysterious senses of the costume and sanctity applied with mosaic painting and stained glass techniques, utilizing the splendor jewelry, spangle and materials, and most of its image reflects exotic and embellish tendency. As a result, this thesis could be described as follows; Previous religious costume of clergy man was used as a mediator between general devotee and God in ceremony, and it was worn by the general devotee to express devotion. This religious costume was utilized in modem fashion, and it gave the avant-garde image and symbolic image of religion. In addition to it, mysterious image was expressed with exotic and embellish tendency.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제37권8호
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• pp.1029-1043
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• 2013

The pearl is a highly valuable gem that has historically represented wealth and power. Pearl necklaces have developed intro various types and represent an essential status item for modern women. This study first examines the symbolic and various meanings of pearls. Second, this study examines wearing types and pearl necklace patterns based on historical figures and modern fashion icons famous for personal displays of pearls. This study examines and analyzes various specialty publications about jewels, history of costumes, fashion magazines, academic research data, and internet search results. The conclusion of this study is as follows. Pearls have various symbolic meanings that are unlike other gems. Pearls represent purity, innocence, marital fidelity, an intimate relationship with the moon, frozen tears of God, solitude, triumph over adversity, wisdom, and sensual attraction. The societies and people traditionally famous for pearls were the Roman Empire, Queen Cleopatra of Egypt, Queen Theodora of the Byzantine Empire, Queen Elizabeth I, Queen Marie Antoinette, Empress of Eugenie Napoleon III, and Queen Alexandra. They showed a special affection for pearl necklaces and various wearing patterns unique to the time. Their pearl necklaces became a historic and symbolic legacy. Reestablished through the costume jewelry of cultivated pearls designed by Coco Chanel in the $20^{th}$ century, the pearl necklace has showed a variety of fashion trends in addition to a traditional symbolism of wealth and power. Josephine Baker, Louise Brooks, Marilyn Monroe, Elizabeth Taylor, Jacqueline Kennedy, Queen Elizabeth II, Princess Diana, Michelle Obama and Sarah Jessica Parker have worn notable pearl necklaces and established an individual style that utilizes the adornment of fashionable and stylish pearl necklaces. They have worn pearl necklaces while applying various fashion trend motifs to symbolic pearl features of that have changed the perception of the pearl and themselves.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.127-135
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• 2018

인간은 선과 악을 함께 가지고 있기 때문에 양면적이라 할 수 있다. 이러한 인간은 악을 더욱 구체화하기 위해 악을 형상화하여 조형적 요소로 악의 상징물을 만들었다. 이에 본 연구자는 악의 개념부터 인간이 가지고 있는 악에 본질이 상징물로 표현되었을 때 나타나는 조형성에 관하여 조사 분석해 보고자 하였다. 조형성의 분류 항목을 구축하여 설문지를 작성하여 다음과 같은 분석의 결과를 도출하였다. 구성유형에서는 문자보다는 그림 또는 기호로 표현되었으며, 표현대상에서는 신화 속 인물과 동물의 형태로 나타났다. 레이아웃에서는 방사형이 가장 많이 나타났으며 묘사방법에서는 단순성과 복잡성의 형태로 외곽형태는 원형이 가장 높게 나타났다. 이러한 구성유형의 항목들이 높은 점수를 보인 상징물은 서로간의 조형적인 상관관계로 그려지고 사용되었으며, 발전해 왔다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.83-94
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 취업 선호도 상위 기업의 상징적 이미지(개성) 측정을 위하여 브랜드 개성 측정 방식을 활용, 그 타당성을 입증하고, 한국기업의 특유한 상징적 이미지 요인을 규명하는 것이다. 먼저, 기업의 상징적 이미지 측정 도구 개발을 위하여 브랜드 개성에 관한 기존 연구를 바탕으로 이미지 측정 항목을 구성하고, 558명 조사를 바탕으로 구성된 항목들이 어떠한 요인으로 분류되는지 알아보기 위하여 탐색적 요인분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 기업의 상징적 이미지 항목은 성실함(Sincerity), 유능함(Competence), 정감(Affection), 활달함(Excitement), 세련됨(Sophistication)으로 명명된 요인으로 분류되었다. 확인적 요인분석 결과, 모든 요인에 대하여 신뢰성과 수렴타당성은 확보되었다. 본 결과를 통하여 기업의 상징적 이미지 측정 도구를 개발하는데 기업의 상징적 이미지는 브랜드 개성과 같은 맥락에서 접근되고 측정될 수 있다는 가정을 확인하였다. 또한, 브랜드 개성의 체계가 표준화의 패러다임보다는 사회 문화적 특성을 토대로 한 개성을 고려하여 현재의 패러다임 속에서 지속적으로 재해석되듯이 기업이미지 체계도 지속적으로 재해석되어야 함을 발견하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 발견된 "정감'의 항목이 재해석된 한국 기업의 상징적 이미지 요인의 하나라고 할 수 있다.

• 철학연구
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• 제152권
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• pp.59-79
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• 2019

이 논문의 주된 목적은 퍼스 기호학에서 상징 개념을 비판적으로 검토하고, 체험주의적 시각에서 대안적 논의의 필요성과 가능성을 제안하려는 것이다. 퍼스는 기호를 도상과 지표, 상징기호로 구분함으로써 기호 탐구에 중요한 진전을 이루었지만 상징기호에 대한 퍼스의 서술은 불투명한 미완의 탐색으로 남게 되었다. 퍼스는 도상기호나 지표기호와 달리 상징기호에 '해석'의 문제가 개입된다고 보았으며, 이 때문에 상징기호를 상위적이고 완전한 기호라고 보았다. 퍼스적 기호 구도 안에서 이러한 생각은 '해석체' 개념을 통해서 해명될 수밖에 없지만 해석체에 대한 퍼스 자신의 서술 또한 화해 불가능해 보이는 불투명성을 드러낸다. 필자는 체험주의적 시각을 빌려 기호의 문제가 '기호적 경험'의 문제라는 사실에 주목하고, '기호적 사상'이라는 기제를 축으로 기호 문제를 해명하려고 했다. 즉 우리 경험은 물리적 경험과 기호적 경험으로 구분될 수 있으며, 기호적 경험은 물리적 경험의 기호적 확장을 통해 확장되며, 동시에 물리적 경험에 의해 강력하게 제약된다. 여기에서 '기호적 사상'은 기호적 경험을 산출하는 핵심적 기제다. 즉 우리는 특정한 기표에 우리 경험내용의 일부를 사상하며, 그 사상된 경험내용의 관점에서 그 기표를 이해하고 경험하게 된다. 이러한 해명에 따르면 퍼스가 구분했던 도상이나 지표, 상징기호는 모두 기호적 사상이라는 과정을 통해 구성된다. 도상기호나 지표기호는 한 기표(=표상체)에 물리적 경험내용을 사상함으로써 구성되지만 상징기호가 한 기표에 추상적 경험내용을 사상하는 방식으로 구성된다. 추상적 경험내용이 물리적 경험내용을 사상하는 방식으로 구성된다는 점을 고려하면 추상적 경험내용을 사상하는 상징기호는 이차사상 또는 그 이상의 중층적 사상을 통해 구성된다. 이런 의미에서 상징기호는 상위적 기호라고 할 수 있다. 이러한 분석은 기호 탐구에서 퍼스의 실재론적 가정을 벗어나 기호적 경험의 본성에 대한 새로운 해명의 필요성과 가능성을 열어 줄 것이다.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제16권1_2호
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• pp.91-104
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• 2004

A modification of the gradient method of convex programming is introduced. Also, we describe symbolic implementation of the gradient method and its modification by means of the programming language MATHEMATICA. A few numerical examples are reported.

• 복식
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• 제30권
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• pp.85-99
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• 1996

This study has been made to examine the symbolic meaning of our traditional costume colours based on the theory of yin-yang Wu-hsing the interaction of yin and yang with the rotation of the five agents wood firt earth metal and waters. Presenting the spirt and the life of our race the costume culture has been keep-ing its own systematic symbol. Being sensible the colour has to be under-stood as the colour sense therefore the cos-tume colour has begun to have the symbolic meaning with the feeling or the mental value. According to the theory of yin-yang wu-hsing the costume colour has presented our racial sprit way of thinking and way of life for a long time and it has become the tra-ditional culture at last. Based on the doctrine of cosmic harmony through the motion of yin and yang or the passive and active elements are their five agents form the material force of everything. The order of nature has its counterpart in five symbolic costume colours wood-blue ; fire-red: earth-yellow; metal-white: water-black. The five colours are called the primary colours. which produce the next compound colours. Accepted in the social system as well as the social stats the costume colour has set up systematically. The theory of Yin-yang Wu-hsing has given the five colours the symbolic meanings and its mainstream has been the function of Sangsaeng and Sangeuk which are genera-ted by the power of virture. The former is mu-tually beneficial while the latter destructive. The colour as a costume colour has been made distinction between the colour of the up-per classes and the colour of the middle and lower classes and the specific colour has presented the symbolic meanings. The yeollow the red and the purple have been regarded as the colour of king queen and upper classes Being the colour recognition the costume colour has been established by the society and the race generally Implied the spiritual elements the colour recognition could select the lucky colour in accordance with one's des-tiny. Besides the colour recognition has begun to appear as the racial costumes to protect the society and to pray for good fortune. According to the theory of Yin-yang Wu-hsing the costume colour has been forming through our long history and has become our costume culture. Therefore the colour of the costume has signified not only the colour sense but also the important symbolic meanings.