• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.507-515
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• 1999

본 연구에서는 과학 교사를 양성하는 사범대학 과학교육과 학생들의 일반화학실험 수행평가를 위한 분석적인 채점 준거를 개발하였다. 개발된 채점준거는 크게 두 가지로 나눌 수 있다. 첫 번째는 학생들이 실험을 수행하면서 나타나는 탐구 능력을 평가하기 위한 실험 보고서를 평가하는 분석적 채점 준거이다. 이 분석적 채점 준거는 일곱 가지 탐구 기능 요소로 나누어져 있으며, 한 학기용 실험 주제 9개에 대해서 모두 개발하였다. 두 번째는 학생들이 실험하는 동안에 교수와 조교가 직접적인 관찰에 의해 점검하는 형태로 평가하는 수공적 기능 채점 준거와 실험에 임하는 학생들의 태도를 평가하기 위한 분석적 채점 준거이다. 또한 학생들의 탐구 능력을 평가하는 실험 보고서에 대한 분석적 채점 준거의 기초가 되는 일곱가지 탐구 기능 요소에 대한 일반적 채점 준거도 개발하였다. 모든 채점 준거에 대한 타당도는 과학교육 전문가 6인에 의하여 검증 받았으며, 채점 준거로 실험 보고서를 평가한 결과로부터 채점자간 신뢰도를 검증하였다. 본 연구에서 개발한 평가 도구를 사용하여 얻어진 학생들의 일반화학실험 수업 성취도와 일반화학 이론 수업 성취도는 상관이 있는 것(r=.663.p<.01)으로 나타났으며. 44%($r^2$=.440)의 공통 분산 영역을 보여주었다. 따라서 본 연구에서 개발한 실험 평가 도구는 이론 수업 평가 도구에서 측정하지 못하는 다른 영역(56%)도 평가하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 결과로부터 간접적으로나마 본 연구에서 개발한 실험 평가 도구가 전통적인 지식 이해만이 아닌, 실험을 수행하면서 나타난 탐구 기능, 수공적 기능, 실험 태도를 평가하는 도구라고 할 수 있다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.459-467
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to find out the level of science teaching efficacy belief in the elementary school teachers and to find out the students' science process skills and scientific attitudes according to the level of the teacher's science teaching efficacy belief. After measuring science teaching efficacy belief of 109 teachers from nine elementary schools, three teachers who received the high score and three teachers who received the low score were selected from each 5th and 6th grade. Science process skills and scientific attitudes of 331 students who were in the selected 12 teachers' classes were measured. The results of this study were as follows; First, there were significant differences on the elementary school teachers' science teaching efficacy belief according to teacher's gender and career. The men's average score was clearly higher than women's average score on personal science teaching efficacy in science teaching efficacy belief according to teacher's gender. There was a obvious difference between the group of more than six-year less than ten-year and the group of more than fifteen-year less than twenty-year, the group of more than twenty-year on science teaching outcome expectancy in science teaching efficacy belief according to teacher's career. Second, there was not a evident difference on the elementary school students' science process skill according to the level of the elementary school teachers' science teaching efficacy. Third, there was a distinct difference on the elementary school students' scientific attitude according to the elementary school teachers' science teaching efficacy. There was a significant difference on the openness and the endurance in each scientific attitude. The level of science teaching efficacy belief in the elementary school teachers had few effects on the elementary school students' science process skill, on the other hand the level of science teaching efficacy belief in the elementary school teachers had an positive effect on the elementary school students' scientific attitude.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.351-362
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to make a Result analysis on the free inquiry Method of elementary school student. also, this study investigates how free inquiry activities effect the science Process skills and environment-friendly attitudes of elementary school student For this study 150, sixth year, elementary school students from Busan city were selected. The inquiry examined the effectiveness of each of the following free inquiry methods: the PBL inquiry, the Project inquiry, the IIM inquiry, the small group inquiry and the science notebooks inquiry. The students were divided into groups in which they incorporated the respective methods into their practice. Test showed the following results: The environmental class which applies a free inquiry method(PBL inquiry, Project inquiry, IIM inquiry, small group inquiry and science notebooks) was effective in science process skills improvement. Second, The environmental class which applies a free inquiry method((PBL inquiry, Project inquiry, IIM inquiry, small group inquiry and science notebooks) was effective in environment-friendly attitude improvement.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.643-649
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• 2010

이 연구에서는 고등학생들의 이론과 자료에 대한 인식론적 관점과 과학 과정 기술, 선호하는 실험 학습 환경에 대한 인식, 실험 수업에 대한 태도 사이의 관계를 조사하였다. 연구 결과, 과학 과정 기술, 선호하는 실험 학습 환경에 대한 인식의 모든 하위 범주(응집성, 개방성, 통합성, 준칙성, 물리적 환경), 실험 수업에 대한 태도는 이론과 자료에 대한 인식론적 관점과 유의미한 상관이 있었다. 중다 회귀 분석 결과, 과학 과정 기술, 선호하는 실험 학습 환경에 대한 인식의 하위 범주 중 개방성과 물리적 환경, 실험 수업에 대한 태도가 이론과 자료에 대한 인식론적 관점을 유의미하게 예측하였다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.419-429
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• 2006

This study investigated gender differences in the factors affecting elementary school students' ability to identify scientific problems. Scientific problem finding tasks, involving written instruments including IQ tests, content knowledge, science process skills, divergent thinking skills, intrinsic/extrinsic motivation, personality traits, and home environment were administered to 96 elementary school students(male; 50 & female: 46). The data collected was analyzed by means of a t-test, Pearson's correlation, multiple regression analysis, and canonical correlation analysis. The finding indicated that there were significant gender differences in scientific problem finding performance. Female students were significantly higher in both total score and elaborate score of scientific problem finding than male students. Personality traits and intrinsic motivation positively and extrinsic motivation negatively predicted male students' abilities in scientific problem finding. Science process skills, personality traits and intrinsic motivation positively and extrinsic motivation negatively predicted female students' scientific problem finding and IQ positively predicted female students' elaborate score of scientific problem finding.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.71-82
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• 2024

Purpose: Despite significant research on decision-making, researchers struggle to comprehend the decision-making process. This paper aims to not only examine the relationship between problem-solving skills, cognitive competency, and decision-making but also develop measurement instruments for cognitive competency and problem-solving skills to better model decision-making. Research Design, Methodology and Approach: A cross-sectional study was conducted by surveying 292 university students in HCM City, Vietnam, via email sent randomly by Google Forms. This study identifies the conceptual framework and tests the hypotheses using a deductive approach. The SPSS program was used to evaluate the scales' reliability, and the SmartPLS program was used to assess the measurement and structural models. Results: The results show that the research model better modelled the relationship between problem-solving skills, cognitive competency, and decision-making. Although thinking ability has no direct impact on decision-making, both creativity and problem-solving skills have a positive impact on decision-making. The mediating role of problem-solving skills is also determined by the positive relationship between cognitive competency and decision-making. Conclusions: This study highlights decision-making efficiency through the cognitive process from low to high levels and provides for policymakers and managers to explain the decision-making process in a variety of sectors, such as distribution chains, marketing, and human resource distribution.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권9호
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• pp.396-402
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• 2022

The study deals with the problem of the formation of pre-service teachers' reflective skills in information environment. The role of reflection as a mechanism of formation of a modern teacher's self-consciousness was cleared up. The technology of formation of pre-service teachers' reflective skills was characterized and tested. The main stages of the technology were: a motivational and cognitive stage, a problematic and practical stage, and a reflective and operational stage. The substantiated pedagogical conditions of formation of pre-service teachers' reflective skills were adhered. The criterial and evaluative characteristics of the formation of pre-service teachers' reflective skills were worked out: components (reflection of personal conformity, reflection of the psychological and pedagogical barriers, reflection of professional growth); criteria (criterion of consistency, criterion of difficulty, criterion of potential); indicators (cognitive-evaluative, value-motivational, activity-creative). The levels of formation of pre-service teachers' reflective skills (insufficient level, acceptable level, and optimum level) were determined. The analysis of students' surveys showed the effectiveness and expediency of using the technology of formation of pre-service teachers' reflective skills in the process of professional training.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.37-50
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• 1991

The CAI (Computer-Assisted Instruction) system for science teaching has been increasing both in quantity and in quality during the last two decades. However, science learning by computer has not played a leading role in the science teaching process. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of tutorial CAI programs according to the learner's characteristics such as sex, inquiry skills, attitudes toward science subject, logical thinking skills, achievement motivation, science content achievement in science teaching. One group pretest-posttest design was used as an experimental design. The three tutorial science CAI programs were used for thirty males and females selected in grade eight. According to the analysis of CAI achievement scores the female students showed significantly higher (P<0.05) than the male students. Also, one-way analysis of variance was used to investigate the effects of interaction between sex and achievement motivation. The significant difference on the effects of interaction between sex and achievement motivation has not found. The effects of tutorial CAI between logical thinking skills, attitudes toward science subject, inquiry skills, achievement motivation, science content achievement according to upper and lower levels were investigated by using the statistical analysis of one-way ANOVA. The results indicate that tutorial CAI might provides a good opportunities for the improvement of science achievement to the lower level students of attitudes toward science subject, inquiry skills, science content achievement.

• 대한지구과학교육학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.267-277
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of IIM-based science writhing lesson on the science process skills and self-directed learning in elementary science-gifted students. To verify research problems, the subjects of this study were forth-grade students selected from one classes of an elementary science-gifted class in Busan National Universty of education : the research group is composed of twenty students who were participated in IIM-based science writing lessons. During 12 weeks, the IIM-based science writing lessons was executed in the reasearch group. Post-test showed following results: First, the research group showed a significant improvement in the science process skill. We look into detailly this, the research group showed a significant improvement in the basis science skill. The sub-factor 'expectation' of the science process skill effects a significant improvement. Second, the research group showed a significant improvement in the self-directed learning. In conclusion, IIM-based science writing lesson was more effective on science process skill and self-directed learning. However, since the study has a limit on an object of the study and the applied program, the additional studies need to be conducted with an extended comparative group and program.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.361-377
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• 2013

The purposes of this study were to develop STEAM teaching materials about 'world of small organisms' unit on elementary science education and to apply lesson using them for the 5th and 6th graders. Compared to other STEAM programs studied previously, the STEAM teaching materials of this study includes students' STEAM, teachers' guide, story-telling books and multimedia teaching aids consisted of practical resources to manage STEAM lessons. The whole program was designed from multidisciplinary integration to extradisciplinary integration through activities making creative products, meanwhile each period had discretionary S, T, E, A, M factors specifically. To examine the effects of integrated lesson on scientific knowledge, process skills, and affective domain, the study subjects were divided into two groups. The experimental group was composed of 69 individuals participated in STEAM lesson, while students of the control group were 67 individuals learned through general learning methods. The developed STEAM teaching materials affected significantly on scientific knowledge and affective domain of elementary school students, but process skills were not increased significantly. In the present study, therefore, the approach applying STEAM education could be suggested as alternative learning materials or supplementary teaching materials at the field of small organisms in elementary science sufficiently.