• 한국농공학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2002

Despite the unfamiliar term "multifunctionality of agriculture" and the tremendous number of debates made over the past 10 years, multiple benefits from paddy rice farming in the Asian monsoon region are very significance due to the various inherent characteristics of paddy rice in this lesion. They were identified as rural vitalization, social security, nature and environmental preservations, and social and cultural functions. As studies estimating the monetary value of nature and environmental functions in Korea and Japan revealed, the economic value of multifunctionality from paddy rice farming reached to 70∼150% of total annual rice production cost of each country, and would have been even higher, had other functions been included. Therefore, interdisciplinary and international researches within the monsoon Asian countries are necessary to develop counter-measure logics against the Western dry land farming countries, emphasizing the efforts to disseminate worldwide the significance and recognition of the multifunctionality of paddy rice farming under the Asian monsoon climate.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.90-100
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• 2005

This study was intended to investigate effects of building school forests on elementary school students, including changes in mental image of school, attitude toward nature and forest, and awareness of their relationship with school forest. The total number of 770 drawings and 1,124 writings were collected to be analyzed from three elementary schools. The results showed that there were significant differences between two student groups, respectively forest school group versus non-forest school group, in their mental image of school. For instance, more often observed in the drawings of forest school group students than their counterparts were natural and human elements, activities associated with nature, and natural or human elements located at central area. Also, more frequently found in the writings of forest school group students than their counterparts were letter-style sentences, stories about school forests, inherent values on nature and forest, and curiosity regarding the nature. These results seem to indicate that in order to materialize educational value of school forests, practical workshops for teachers need to be held as soon as possible and new activity models for students should be developed. In addition to that, long-term research on effectiveness of school forest have to be conducted to a number of schools.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.101-115
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• 2005

The main aim of this research is centered on the relation between nature and humans, and is to study the ecological characteristics appearing both in Landscape Architecture, one of the currents of ecological architecture as the architectural solution on the relation between humans and nature, and in our traditional architecture. Through this study, we were able to see that our traditional architecture was influenced by our ancestor's view of nature, and that the foremost feature of our ancestor's view of nature on our traditional architecture is not conflicting with nature, but, instead it is complying with it through seeking harmony with nature. Also we could see that our ancestor's view of nature is similar to Landscape Architecture having come to the fore toward the tendency of modern ecological paradigm in that it is the representation seeking the organic view of nature pursuing the oneness among artificial structure, humans, and nature. That is, we could figure out that various ecological features appearing in modem Landscape Architecture had been represented for a long long time, in a natural fashion, In the manner of space makeup in our traditional architecture. This is the characteristic of our ecological thinking system understanding nature and humans at the same context, and it has come down not only to our everyday living but to the manner of architectural solutions as well. Through this research, we could reconsider the modern value of ecological architecture inherent in our traditional architecture.

• 영어영문학
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.47-64
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• 2010

It is unfair that environmental pragmatism has been regarded as a mouthpiece for industrial expediency and business boosterism. John Dewey's radical pragmatism known as 'Instrumentalism' has provoked ecological fundamentalists' criticism more vehemently than any other pragmatic philosophies. However, most of the presumptive misunderstandings of such critics as Holmes Rolston, J. Baird Calliott, Erich Katz, C. A. Bowers and many others come from their limited or reduced reading of Deweyan pragmatism. The following three aspects of Deweyan pragmatism can work out in opening up a dialogical space with those eco-centrist thinkers mentioned above. First, the concept of Dewey's 'primary experience' can articulate the foundationalist view of nature, which is often found in aboriginal cultures. Second, as Andrew Light points out, ecological essentialism can share its metaphilosophical position with the pragmatist epistemology. While Anthony Weston pursues pluralism, admitting that the foundationalism might be one of the efficient approaches to nature, Eric Katz is also clearly attracted to the metaphilosophical element in Weston's argument that anyone who attempts to claim the 'inherent value' of non-human nature never possibly avoids a pitfall of anthropomorphism. Lastly, in a more comprehensive perspective, Dewey's pragmatism shows a philosophical complexity, what Larry A. Hickman calls 'post-postmodernism.' a dynamic interaction between modernism and postmodernism. Significantly enough, the environmental version of this complexity can procure a meeting ground between foundationalist ecology and the pragmatic view of nature.

• 아동학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.229-240
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• 1992

Although play is a key element in child development, little research has been done on how play is conceptualized by adults directly involved with children on a daily basis. The purpose of the study was to determine meanings of the concept "play" held by mothers of preschool children in Korea. Specifically, the study sought to determine Korean mothers' conceptions of the nature and functions of play, and their conceptions of play in contrast to work. An open-ended/semi-structured interview instrument was constructed to generate research data. Interview questions focused on three content categories: (1) the nature of play, (2) the functions of play, and (3) conceptions of work. Questions in each content category consisted of four distinct types: (1) experience/behavioral, (2) opinion/value, (3) feeling, and (4) knowledge. The instrument was pilot-tested with two subjects, revised, and administered to eleven mothers of preschool children. Interview data were subjected to domain and taxonomic analyses. Analyses yielded two principal themes: (1) Play is viewed as an intrinsically motivated and pleasurable activity; (2) while play and work could be consonant, the values inherent in play and work are generally in opposition.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.122-131
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• 2004

A constraint equation-based control law design for large angle attitude maneuvers of flexible spacecraft is addressed in this paper The tip displacement of the flexible spacecraft model is prescribed in the form of a constraint equation. The controller design is attempted in the way that the constraint equation is satisfied throughout the maneuver. The constraint equation leads to a two-point boundary value problem which needs backward and forward solution techniques to satisfy terminal constraints. An observer-based tracking control law takes the constraint equation as the input to the dynamic observer. The observer state is used in conjunction with the state feedback control law to have the actual system follow the observer dynamics. The observer-based tracking control law eventually turns into a stabilized system with inherent nature of robustness and disturbance rejection in LQR type control laws.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.101-110
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• 1999

QFD is a market driven design and development methodology for products and services to meet or exceed customer's needs and expectations, This method enables to specify clearly the customer's needs and then evaluate the product capability in terms of its impact on meeting those needs. Process of satisfying customers begins with effectively soliciting their different needs and wants which may be non-technical and imprecise in nature. Although the HoQ is a comprehensive tool for showing the relationships between attributes, it lacks the flexibility to deal with the inherent inexactness and vagueness in the voice of customer. In this paper, fuzzy theory is introduced to overcome this limitation. Qualitative customer requirements are interpreted quantitative data through fuzzy inference procedure, and then target value is determined.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제9권7호
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• pp.309-315
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• 2018

삶의 방식 및 환경의 변화로 생활체육의 수요가 증가하고 있으며 해양스포츠 활동의 기회확대로 인해 해양스포츠인구도 빠르게 증가하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 해양스포츠가 가지고 있는 생활체육으로서의 가치를 문헌연구를 통해 탐구하였다. 탐구 결과, 해양스포츠는 여가만족, 복지기능과 같이 생활체육이 가지고 있는 삶의 질 향상을 위한 도구로서의 기능적 가치를 포함하고 있으며 개인의 삶에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 뿐만 아니라 나아가 사회적 행복수준을 높이는데 기여할 수 있다. 또한, 해양스포츠는 자연을 활용한 직접경험 신체활동으로서 인간이 자연을 이해하는데 중요한 기능을 가지고 있으며 특히, 비현실적 여가활동이 대부분을 차지하고 있는 현대사회의 청소년들에게 올바른 인격을 형성시킬 수 있는 정서 교육적 가치가 높다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 해양스포츠가 생활체육이 가지고 있는 다양한 가치 이상의 긍정적 가치들을 내포하고 있으며 생활체육으로서의 충분한 가치가 있음을 의미한다고 할 수 있다.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.1088-1101
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to investigate intrinsic values with respect to the nature of aim from the viewpoint of Dewey. The intrinsic values have been recognized as values independent of activities or the content that preexist before embodied into activities. But from the perspective of Dewey, intrinsic values can be revealed only through the activity. Because they are inherent in the activities. Dewey suggested that the educational aim that is influenced by the traditional metaphysics should be meaningless in that it is given from outside and not related to human activities. The educational purpose that influenced by modern metaphysics and contemporary theories also can be regarded external, because the content and value of learning are assumed ahead activities. In the view of Dewey, the concepts of values are exposed through activities, so they can not exist independently. According to his own metaphysics that organism and its environment interact each other, all values c an be formed only in the course of activities. Thus, the intrinsic value of Dewey is a process per se, as the intrinsic value cannot be assumed ahead activities but can be exposed through activities. Bringing meaning to life through experience is Dewey's concept of growth as an educational aim. Education under such a purpose, would give the foundation to cultivate talent who are creative, proactive and communicate with their neighbors as a member of a democratic society.

• 천문학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.155-171
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• 1988

We have examined how sensitively the extinction value determined by the method of star-count depends on such factors as the plate limit, the size of counting reseau, the non-linearity in the number distribution of stars with magnitude, and the angular resolution demanded by the given problem. We let the Poisson distribution portray the statistical nature of the countings, and chose the region containing the globule Barnard 361 as an example field. Uncertainties due to various combinations of the factors are presented in graphic forms: (1) Dynamic range in the extinction measurements is evaluated as a function of reseau size for varying plate limits. (2) Statistical errors involved in the star-count are analized in terms of the signal-to-noise ratio, the plate limit and the reseau size. (3) Systematic error due to the non-linearity in the number distribution are thoroughly analized. (4) Finally, a methodology is presented for correcting the systematic error in the observed radial density gradient. These graphs are meant to be used in selecting proper size of the reseau and in estimating errors inherent to the star-count analysis.