• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.389-397
• /
• 2018

Modern countries have almost ratified the UN Convention on the rights of persons with disabilities and are creating environments to prevent discrimination against these individuals. In 1996, the International Maritime Organization presented a recommendation for the design and operation of passenger ships to respond to elderly and disabled persons' needs. In Korea, an act on the promotion of transportation convenience for mobility disadvantaged persons has been implemented, and facilities for the disabled have been rapidly installed in ships, vehicles, aircraft, railways and passenger terminals. However, the maritime transport environment is less concerned about disabled persons than safety. In this study, basic research was conducted to improve the maritime transport environment for disabled people in Korea through a field survey and literature survey. As a result, it was found that relevant laws and regulations have not been properly applied to excursion ships and ferries as well as small-scale ports, which are responsible for a large part of coastal passenger transportation. In addition to low installation rates of facilities for the transportation of persons with disabilities in ships and terminals, loose equipment was also considered. Therefore, it is necessary to protect the human rights of persons with disabilities, which are universal values of humanity, by complementing laws and introducing improved facilities.

• Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
• /
• v.34
• /
• pp.28.1-28.12
• /
• 2022

Background: Haenyeo is a woman who has the job of collecting seafood in the Jeju Sea at an average temperature of 13℃-14℃. The purpose of this study was to examine the cold acclimatization and occupational characteristics of Haenyeo through biomarkers such as orexin and irisin related to heat generation in the body. Methods: Twenty-one Haenyeo and 25 people with similar age, body type, and body mass index were selected as the control group (Control G). In the cold exposure experiment, a climate chamber was set to 5℃ and both feet were immersed in a 15℃ water tank for 30 minutes. Tympanic temperature (T_ty) and skin temperature (T_sk) were measured, and the mean body temperature (mT_b) was calculated. Blood samples were collected before and immediately after the examination. Orexin and irisin levels were analyzed. Results: Orexin levels were elevated after cold stimulation from 12.17 ± 4.44 to 12.95 ± 4.53 ng/mL (Haenyeo group [Haenyeo G], p < 0.01) and 10.37 ± 3.84 to 11.25 ± 4.02 ng/mL (Control G, p < 0.001). Irisin levels were elevated after cold stimulation from 4.83 ± 2.28 to 5.36 ± 2.23 ng/mL (Haenyeo G, p < 0.001) and 3.73 ± 1.59 to 4.18 ± 2.04 ng/mL (Control G, p < 0.001). The difference between Haenyeo G and Control G values in orexin and irisin appears not only in pre-exposure but also in post-exposure (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Our experimental results suggest that Haenyeo G were relatively superior in cold tolerance to Control G under cold exposure conditions. Haenyeo's cold acclimatization is due to the basic differences in pyrogens regarding body temperature control such as orexin and irisin. This means that Haenyeo are advantageous for cold survival.

• Health Policy and Management
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.30-71
• /
• 1999

There has been a dramatic increase in public awareness regarding dementia during recent years. However, dementia remains a family affair and patients do not receive adequate care in Korea. This study aims to assist patients and their caregivers by establishing Home and Community based Long-Term Care in a city. The data collected for analysis include five main categories: dementia prevalence, limitations of daily activities of patients, burden of caregivers, the services that patient's family want to utilize, the resources that handle dementia in the community. Major findings can be summarized as follows: 1)The prevalence rate of dementia for elderly people is 13.1 per 100 persons. Alzheimer's disease amount to 38.9% of dementia patients and vascular dementia account for 36.7% of them 2)Eight out of ten patients have mild dementia. Almost all patients have normal ADL. IADL, however, shows different picture. In every items of IADL, about 60% of patients reveals some limitations. 3)The proportion of patients who had medical diagnosis is as low as 20%. Families of patients think dementia as normal aging process and medical doctors in the community do not give special concern to dementia patients. 4)Caregivers does not have proper social support. They suffer from long care time, experience large obstacles in respect of health, daily living, and social activity. 5)Health center and Community welfare center have launched some programs-consultation, home-visiting nursing, day care center, voluntary force mobilization and so on-for dementia patients. But they do not perform expected roles and functions because of lack of skilled personnels and inadequate coordination of relevant organizations for dementia care. 6)Families of dementia patients prefer home helper and home-visiting nurse to hospitalization. For the future, however, demand for institution-based long-term services will increase. We develope community dementia care model based on above findings as follows: 1)Health center execute community cardiovascular control program for the prevention of vascular dementia. 2)Refer to epidemiologic characteristics of patients and preference of family, the most urgent task for dementia care in this city is to expand and organize Home and Community based Long-Term Care. 3)For the continuous and comprehensive care, care plan for a patient must be prepared. Case management team should be builded to prepare this plan and coordinate relevant resources. 4)Special long-term care unit for dementia will be needed in a near future. This unit should have multiple functions, such as day-care center, short stay facility, training center for relevant personnels, besides long-term nursing home considering effective care of dementia and efficient operation of the facility. 5)Voluntary workers deserve their due efforts. Incentive mechanisms must be developed to activate voluntary activities.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.19 no.8
• /
• pp.513-523
• /
• 2018

This study was to examine the effects of depression, avoidance coping and quality of life on suicidal ideation of elders living at home. A descriptive survey study was conducted with a survey of 509 older people in person 50 senior center at G city from November 30, 2017 to 1. The data were analyzed with t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression using IBM SPSS WIN 24.0 program. The mean score of the was depression $8.50{\pm}3.51$, avoidance coping style $12.36{\pm}3.41$, quality of life $7.26{\pm}1.97$ and suicidal ideation $6.16{\pm}1.78$. Suicidal ideation was had a negative correlation with Depression(r=-.219, p<.001) and a positive correlation with avoidance coping style(r=.277, p<.001). The result of the regression indicated that depression, avoidance coping style and gender explained 12.1% of variance in suicidal ideation. The results suggest that depression, avoidance coping style and gender were associated with suicidal ideation. Therefore it is necessary to develop strategies to reduce the depression, avoidance coping style and improve quality of life for community dwelling elders to reduce suicidal ideation.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
• /
• v.37 no.6
• /
• pp.940-947
• /
• 2017

Goat milk has a protein composition similar to that of breast milk and contains abundant nutrients, but its use in functional foods is rather limited in comparison to milk from other sources. The aim of this study was to prepare a goat A2 ${\beta}$-casein fraction with improved digestibility and hypoallergenic properties. We investigated the optimal conditions for the separation of A2 ${\beta}$-casein fraction from goat milk by pH adjustment to pH 4.4 and treating the casein suspension with calcium chloride (0.05 M for 1 h at $25^{\circ}C$). Selective reduction of ${\beta}$- lactoglobulin and ${\alpha}_s$-casein was confirmed using sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The hypoallergenic property of A2 ${\beta}$-casein fraction was examined by measuring the release of histamine and tumor necrosis factor alpha from HMC-1 human mast cells exposed to different proteins, including A2 ${\beta}$-casein fraction. There was no significant difference in levels of both indicators between A2 ${\beta}$-casein treatment and the control (no protein treatment). The A2 ${\beta}$-casein fraction is abundant in essential amino acids, especially, branched-chain amino acids (leucine, valine, and isoleucine). The physicochemical properties of A2 ${\beta}$-casein fraction, including protein solubility and viscosity, are similar to those of bovine whole casein which is widely used as a protein source in various foods. Therefore, the goat A2 ${\beta}$-casein fraction may be useful as a food material with good digestibility and hypoallergenic properties for infants, the elderly, and people with metabolic disorders.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
• /
• v.9 no.6
• /
• pp.194-201
• /
• 2019

This cohort study aimed to identify the effects of daily PM10 exposure on the hospital admission of patients with respiratory diseases, during the nine-year period (2002-2010), in Seoul, Korea. The research subjects were 13,974 patients who had been hospitalized with respiratory diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and pneumonia. During the follow-up period, an increase of 10 ug/m3 in PM10 under the threshold of 50 ug/m3 of PM10 led to hospital admission in 1.38% of the age group younger than 15 years, 1.62% in those 65 years or older, 2.87% in patients 75 years or older and in 1.50% of pneumonia patients, 1.51% of COPD patients, and 1.55% of pneumonia and asthma patients. Under the threshold of 80 ug/m3 of PM10, there was a 3.71% increase in new patients admitted in the age group 65 years or older and 4.25% in those at least 75 years old. Our study found that high PM10 was associated with increased risk of admission of respiratory patients, especially in the elderly. People who already have a respiratory disease should refrain from exposure to particulate matter when there is a high concentration of PM10, especially older patients.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.48 no.5
• /
• pp.506-511
• /
• 2005

Purpose : Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 6B and 6A are important pathogens in pneumococcal infections. It is commonly assumed that the 6B vaccines elicit antibodies cross-reacting with the 6A serotype and the cross-reactive antibodies protect against infections of 6A. To examine this assumption, we measured the opsonophagocytic capacity to serotype 6A and 6B in adults. Methods : Twenty-four adults were immunized with pneumococcal PS vaccine that contains 6B PS. Their preimmune and postimmune sera were studied for the capacity to opsonize 6B and 6A serotypes with opsonophagocytic killing assay. Results : Opsonization titers to 6B were significantly higher than those to 6A in preimmune and postimmune sera. Because significant increasesof opsonization titers were observed in adults with polysaccharide vaccines for 6A(cross-reactive) serotype as well as for 6B(vaccine) serotype, 6B PS in vaccine elicited cross-protective antibodies to 6A, but not in all cases. One adult did not have detectable levels of opsonization titers to 6A after immunization. Conclusion : Although 6B PS in pneumococcal PS vaccine elicits antibodies cross-reacting with 6A serotype in some adults, it may not occur always. This study should be extended to other age groups such as children and elderly people. The presence of the cross-protection should be directly determined in clinical trials of the pneumococcal vaccines as well as during the postlicensure monitoring surveys by serotyping the clinical isolates of pneumococci.

• Information Systems Review
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.1-19
• /
• 2012

Recently due to the enhancement of education and lifestyle, the trend of healthcare services are changed to a more active and differentiated service in which a continuous self health care is possible. The Smart-Telemedicine system offers medical services by merging Blue-tooth and telecommunication modules to former blood pressure, blood sugar, heartbeat and temperature measuring devices. Moreover, it could analyze one's health pattern which would be helpful for the patient to prevent potential future illness. In addition, the easier accesses to various remote controllable medical check-up programs are offered to public as a number of available smart phone are rapidly escalating. The Smart-Telemedicine system provides the most ideal interactive medical service via accessible smart phones and mobile medical check-up devices at anywhere and anytime. It is very beneficial since it can save patients' time and money because people can reach to the service right at their home and be allowed to take charge of their health care process via longitudinal health data. Therefore, not only social costs that occur in elderly community would be saved, but also business in various forms of medical service field transactions could be possible. This paper will suggest the Smart-Telemedicine System for preventive medicine, its design and analysis of business models and the evaluation of those model.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.140-146
• /
• 2013

Objectives: We compared the characteristics of the pain threshold and pain experience between demented group and non-demented group. Methods: This study was part of Gangwon projects for early detection of dementia in 2010. We recruited 8302 local resident ages over 65 years old. Of theses, 1259 people who scored low MMSE were selected and 365 of them completed CERAD-K(Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's disease). Finally, 90 in non-demented group and 57 in demented group(mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease) were analyzed. Pain threshold was experimentally measured by pressure algometer and we investigated the pain experience, by Brief pain inventory (BPI), a self-report test. Results: In the demographic characteristics, there are more female, higher ages, lower education in the demented group. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the pain threshold. On the BPI results, 'shoulder pain', 'the number of pain' and 'interference of working' were significantly more prevalent in non-demented group. However, there are no significant differences between the groups in the 'pain severity', 'prevalence of pain' and 'pain treatment'. Conclusions: Demented group report less pain experience but, still perceived pain. It support previous studies that patient with dementia have increased pain tolerance but preserved pain threshold. Thus, active pain assessment and treatment for patients with dementia is needed.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
• /
• v.66 no.4
• /
• pp.5-23
• /
• 2014

This study performed a series of analyses to examine the effects of regular exercise on depression using data from the HAS (Hallym Aging Study) and the KLoSA(Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing). The effect of regular exercise on depression was tested through propensity score matching methods. In addition, analyses of five indirect effect models were performed to verify a theoretical description about how regular exercise has an effect on depression. The results of analysis were as follows. First, it was found in the two samples that elderly people who exercise regularly have a lower level of depression compared to those who do not. Second, the results of analysis of five indirect effect models were all significant. The psycho-physiological models showed the effect of regular exercise on depression using ADL(Activities of Daily Living) and grip strength. The psycho-social models also demonstrated the effect of regular exercise on depression using variables related to social activities. Based on these findings, intervention strategies to prevent depression was discussed.