• The Journal of Korean-Japanese National Studies
• /
• no.35
• /
• pp.107-144
• /
• 2018

This paper summarizes the genealogy of post-war Zainichi magazines in Japan until 1959 and examines their meaning in the context of magazine history in Japan. The purpose of this paper is to prepare the framework to view characteristics of Zainichi magazines in Japan after the war until the present from a continuous and comprehensive perspective. Zainichi, who were left behind in Japan after the war began to project diverse aspects of their lives onto magazines. Despite the poor publishing environment, censorship of GHQ, shortage of writers and financial limitations, the Zainichi society did not give up the public sphere of magazines. The confusion in this time period acted as an element to expose limitations of Zainichi magazines in Japan. Most of magazines published in 1940s and 50s had to focus on political propaganda within the political frame, and many of such magazines were only published for a short term. In other words, it is ambiguous to define the majority of them as 'magazines' and a considerable number of them cannot even confirm the existence, making it difficult to examine the whole picture of magazines from this period. However, recently excavated materials indicate that most of Zainichi magazines in Japan attempted to reflect the reality of the Zainichi society in various ways, though they were confined in the political frame. The process in which language of magazines was changed from Korean language to Japanese and then again to Korean language suggests that Zainichi magazines in Japan tried to consistently express their existence in 'ethnicity,' 'homeland' and beyond, mediated by 'politics' and 'culture.' Moreover, the experience of seeking for the possibility of Zainichi culture in Japan from the flow of cultural movements in Japan during 1950s is an experience of seeking for a popular 'expression' that overcomes the political conflict of homeland. This reveals the diversity the Zainichi society to occur afterwards. A more precise study on individual magazines published during this period would be necessary in the future.

• Anxiety and mood
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.120-124
• /
• 2009

Objectives : This pilot study examined the physical and psychological sequela of Korean War victims. Methods : Of 255 elderly who completed the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), we selected 16 subjects who suffered severe traumatic experiences during the Korean War and met more than 2 specified symptoms of PTSD in DSM-IV-TR and 16 controls. Demographic characteristics, medical history including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia and brain infarction, Geriatric Depression Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, suicide scale in MINI, and a scale for the assessment of somatic symptoms were compared between subjects with trauma experience and controls. Results : Subjects with trauma experience were more likely to have brain infarction and diabetes mellitus compared to control group. Depressive symptoms and suicidal risk were significantly higher in subjects with trauma experience than controls. Subjects with trauma experience showed significantly higher scores in Trait Anxiety scale and more complained of pain than controls. Conclusion : This study suggests that traumatic experience probably induce physical and psychological problem even 60 years later. Further studies are needed to confirm the results of this pilot study.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.147-157
• /
• 2012

The construction of government-sponsored housing in Korea began in the early 1950s. Beyond fulfilling the housing shortage after the Korean War, it also impacted the development of housing in Korea. The aim of this study is to explore the construction and supply of government-sponsored housing and to discuss the positive and negative influences on the modern housing in Korea. In order to achieve the objectives, the pictures and floor plans, newspaper articles and the KNHC publications, which led the public housing supply from 1950 to 1960, were examined. Results indicate as follows: First, government-sponsored housing industrialized the housing production, which satisfied the volume need. The simplified floor plan and exterior, along with the western characteristics, created a new urban landscape. Second, the distinct characteristics of Korean housing were established. By emphasizing development and financial practicality, large scale housing complexes were built with simplified, characterless, and mechanical exteriors in a disconnected territory with neighbor district. Third, government-sponsored housing became the major accelerator to westernize the Korean housing culture. In conclusion, the principles of functionalism of government-sponsored housing have become the fundamental root of Korean housing since the war.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.9 no.5
• /
• pp.403-407
• /
• 2023

This study started with the background that future South Korean military organizations should develop a complex system linking unmanned systems by analyzing and considering cases using "drone," which has recently become an essential means of war. In 2014 and 2022, South Korea is facing serious security threats from North Korean drones that have recently invaded South Korea's airspace in a row. If a North Korean drone was loaded with explosives and poisonous gas and invaded our airspace, the damage would be more serious. Furthermore, what the Azerbaijan-Armenian War of 2020 and the ongoing Ukraine-Russia war have in common is that battles using "combat drones" are underway. Watching this shift in the domestic and overseas war paradigm, drones have become essential for military operations. In the context of a "ceasefire" and the military environment on the Korean Peninsula, South Korea should actively develop "Combat drones" that take into account precise strikes and portability against targets linked to military drones.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.183-191
• /
• 2012

Since June 25th 1950, the beginning of the cold war (Korean war), Korean peninsula is still in a state of war. Officially South and North Korean government call a truceafter three years from the beginning day, however both countries are still having several combats in these days. So every Korean citizen male has duty for serving military duty and this lasts even after the serving regular military force, as reserved military. Although South Korea is very small country, the size of military is very large so informing all reserved military takes some time. Since this nation is confronting the enemy and considering the global potential threat, South Korean military needs expedite informing system to call up the reserved military to active duty. In this project, the current informing system has been analyzed and compared with the new method which is using social network service such as Twitter. However mobilization order is very critical. So in our new model there are two ways combined. Using twitter to inform and then use traditional ways to finish the order. This method will provide more efficient and accurate way to cover the call ups.

• Korea Trade Review
• /
• v.43 no.5
• /
• pp.47-66
• /
• 2018

This study analyzes the potential economic effects of a trade war between the U.S. and China. The CGE model is used to estimate the macroeconomic variables of each country and the change in imports/exports by industry by considering three different scenarios: (i) the US imposes a 25% of tariff on China; (ii) the US and China impose a 25% tariff bilaterally; (iii) the United States expands protection in vehicles and metals to Korea, Japan, and the EU. According to the results of the study, when the US and China initiate a trade war, GDP and welfare of both countries decline. China's decline in GDP and welfare are larger than those of the United States, which implies a trade war is more favorable to the U.S. than to China. In the long run, China's GDP and welfare decline widens further. While the trade volumes of the US and China are greatly reduced, the trade volumes of other countries does not significantly fluctuate. Finally, if the US extends protection policy to Korea, Japan and the EU, it creates undesirable effects on the US. In particular, damage to the US jeopardizes its advantageous position in a trade war with China. In order to emphasize the unfairness of protectionist policy and the damage to Korean industry, Korea needs to establish a strategy to counter US protectionist policy.

• 식품문화 한맛한얼
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.5-31
• /
• 2009

Prior to 1970, it was known that Korean had our own red pepper named as Kochu and we used Kochu in preparing kimchi and kochujang. However, after Professor Lee insisted that Korean red pepper (Kochu) was transferred from Japan during the Seven Years War (Imjinwaeran(壬辰倭亂)), Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592${\sim}$1598), it has been generally accepted without any criticisms. But many old literatures have shown that Korean Kochu already existed in Korea before the war. For example, the books, Kukubkanibang ((救急簡易方) published in 1489) and Hunmongjahoi ((訓蒙字會) published in 1527), demonstrated that Kochu was cultivated as food substances or medicinal purposes. In another old literature (1460), Siklyochanyo(食療撰要), kochujang was used as an uncomfort-stomach stabilizer. In addition, Korean red pepper was genetically different from South-Mid America's red pepper called as Aji. It has been also insisted by Professor Lee that Aji was transferred to Europe by Columbus in 1492 and then to Korea by Japanese Army in order to kill Korean during the war, and the Aji was modified to Korean Kochu. In conclusion, in Korea our own Kochu was cultivated and used in the Korean native fermented foods such as kimchi and kochujang.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.9 no.5
• /
• pp.57-63
• /
• 2023

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the aspects of hybrid warfare and show the limits of jus in bello, a principle that evaluates the moral responsibility of the agents. As a theory of the morality of war presented in traditional warfare, the just war theory has been widely accepted. In particular, jus in bello offers the criteria of moral legitimacy regarding the actions of individuals participating in or involved in war. However, hybrid warfare, in which various aspects of warfare operate in a complex way, has obvious differences compared to traditional warfare, and this difference causes difficulties in determining the moral evaluation and attribution of responsibility for actions in war. In order to appropriately resolve the moral problems arising from hybrid warfare, it is necessary to clarify what the limitations of existing moral justification theories are. To this end, in this paper, we will first present a conceptual understanding of hybrid warfare, specify the differences from traditional warfare, and then show the limits of its application in hybrid warfare in light of the three principles that compose jus in bello.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.31-46
• /
• 2010

This research is aimed at contriving to expand to its base on the research work Military medicine in East Asia by introducing GunjungUihak(means Military medicine) and adding translations and commentaries to it and propagating to academic circles. GunjungUihak is the only technical book on GunjungUihak which was written for the purpose of treating soldiers in time of war. One of the characteristics shown in its prescription is convenience in medical treatment; the writer of GunjungUihak Wangmyeonghak(王鳴學) edited pills and a powdered medicine to be prescribed in large proportions so that they could be used urgently in the situation of battles at a viewpoint of a general while collecting knowledge of medicine. In addition, this book is compiled with a very short edition with one volume and 18 units. Including only a little amount in the book means that it was compiled by extracting only the contents needed in preparation for the wartime emergency, and such a measure was taken for military surgeons to carry it with facility during the time of war. In addition, much weight of this book was given to the diseases caused by environment with which soldiers came in contact in time of combat, not the wounds by the weapons of war as specified from the beginning of the book, which suggests that the environmental factor of the friendly forces was much more threatening than the arms of enemy troops in the situation of a combat. Like this, GunjungUihak is a material of great value in that it is showing a model of the aspects of Military medicine in East Asia at that time even in its fragmentary writings and it has been preserved by Korea.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.237-243
• /
• 2020

This article introduces the case of archival management of the War and Women's Human Rights Museum. The War and Women's Human Rights is a nongovernment organization (NGO) focusing on the welfare of the Korean women who survived the Japanese military sexual slavery and is operated by a small museum. On the surface, the institution is registered and operated as a museum; however, as the parent institution's actual work and collection records were transferred and managed, archival management functions account for a large portion of the museum's work. In this study, the museum archivist and the collection archives' characteristics and roles were introduced. As the differences and specialization between general museums and records management institutions are seen through the collection types, the advantages of a museum for archive management were discussed, and a system for records management institutions to move toward cultural institutions was proposed. Furthermore, the record management problems and their impacts on record management in response to the organization's recent crisis, and its future vision and plans were introduced.