• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.61 no.4
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• pp.103-116
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to investigate the revision of the western-styled court costume in the Daehan Empire. For this purpose, 1) historical documents were reviewed, 2) one set of the court costume of Chigimgwan and another set of the court costume of Juimgwan were probed, 3) the photos of people wearing court costume were analyzed. The results of this study are as follows. First, the $14^{th}$ Imperial order of "official costume statute" had been revised in 1904, 1905 and 1907 through official gazettes. The last version of official costume statute enacted the more detail than the first rule. Second, the $15^{th}$ Imperial order of "official costume rules" had been revised in 1904, 1905, and transformed into official costume rules reform on $12^{th}$ Dec., 1906. The revision in 1905 made gold embroidery of court costume more simple than the first rule. The form of court costume was totally revised by change of the shape of adjusting on the top in the revised rule of 1906. Third, the revision in 1905 was actually manufactured and worn by the people because it can be confirmed in the relics of the court costume of $2^{nd}$ Chigimgwan in Yonsei University Museum, and the court costume of juimgwan in Kwangju Municipal Folk Museum. The relics made by the revision in 1906 had not been reported until now, but they can be confirmed in the photos left. Fourth, the sovereignity of the Daehan Empire was actually lost by $22^{th}$ Imperial family order which urged the servant having the title of nobility of Japan to wear the court costume of Japan. Therefore, the endeavor of the Daehan Empire which wanted to establish and develop the costume system of modern independent nation was discontinued.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.41-57
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• 2024

In this study, the life of Lee Kyo Seung(1868~1951), the author of SinJeongSanSul(1~3), is traced in outline. He worked as a teacher at a government elementary school from 1895 to 1906. He contributed to elementary education as one of the first government elementary school teachers in the period of the Great Han Empire. During this period, he wrote SinJeongSanSul(1~3). He contributed to secondary mathematics education as a professor at Sungyunkwan for three years from November 1908, and as a mathematics teacher at the YMCA Academy from 1906 to 1916 in the period of the Great Han Empire and early Japanese colonial period. During this period, he wrote two different secondary school mathematics textbooks. During the Great Han Empire and early Japanese colonial period, he was a pioneering textbook author and mathematics teacher. So he can be evaluated as one of the important persons in the history of mathematics education in Korea.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.22
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• pp.115-155
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• 2009

As Korea was merged into Japan, the official documents during Kabo Reform and The Great Han Empire time were handed over to the Government-General of Chosun and reclassified from section based to ministry based. However they had been reclassified before many times. The footprints of reclassification can be found in the classification stamps and warehouse number stamps which remained on the cover of official documents from Kabo Reform to The Great Han Empire. They classified the documents by Section in the classification system of Ministry-Department-Section, stamped and numbered them. It is consistent with the official document classification system in The Great Han Empire, which shows the section based classification was maintained. Although they stamped by Section and numbered the documents, there were differences in sub classification system by Section. In the documents of Land Tax Section, many institutions can be found. The documents of the same year can be found in different group and documents of similar characteristics are classified in the same group. Customs Section and Other Tax Section seemed to number their documents according to the year of documents. However the year and the order of 'i-ro-ha(イロハ) song' does not match. From Kabo Reform to The Great Han Empire the documents were grouped by Section. However they did not have classification rules for the sub units of Section. Therefore, it is not clear if the document grouping of classification stamps can be understood as the original order of official document classification system of The Great Han Empire. However, given the grouping method reflects the document classification system, the sub section classification system of the Great Han Empire can be inferred through the grouping method. In this inference, it is understood that the classification system was divided into two such as 'Section - Counterpart Institution' and 'Section - Document Issuance Year'. The Government-General of Chosun took over the official documents of The Great Han Empire, stored them in the warehouse and marked them with Warehouse Number Stamps. Warehouse Number Stamp contained the Institution that grouped those documents and the documents were stored by warehouse. Although most of the documents on the shelves in each warehouse were arranged by classification stamp number, some of them were mixed and the order of shelves and that of documents did not match. Although they arranged the documents on the shelves and gave the symbols in the order of 'i-ro-ha(イロハ) song', these symbols were not given by the order of number. During the storage of the documents by the Government-General of Chosun, the classification system according to the classification stamps was affected. One characteristic that can be found in warehouse number stamps is that the preservation period on each document group lost the meaning. The preservation period id decided according to the historical and administrative value. However, the warehouse number stamps did not distinguish the documents according to the preservation period and put the documents with different preservation period on one shelf. As Japan merged Korea, The Great Han Empire did not consider the official documents of the Great Han Empire as administrative documents that should be disposed some time later. It considered them as materials to review the old which is necessary for the colonial governance. As the meaning of the documents has been changed from general administrative documents to the materials that they would need to govern the colony, they dealt with all the official documents of The Great Han Empire as the same object regardless of preservation period. The Government-General of Chosun destroyed the classification system of the Great Han Empire which was based on Section and the functions in the Section by reclassifying them according to Ministry when they reclassified the official documents during Kobo Reform and the Great Han Empire in order to utilize them to govern the colony.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.113-124
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• 2018

This study is to find ways to use fast-fashion wedding dresses continuously which usually have worn three or four times and just wasted, which is an current interesting issue over the society. Among clothing from the 19th Century, three styles of Empire, and Crinoline were analyzed from their underwear styles to outwear styles through library and museums and are made for rental service. Based on 8-year-old girls' physical dimensions, openings and closing methods of each size were applied to develop and make rental dress designs. It will be a good opportunity to study history and develop creativity if children can try different styles of dresses from different cultures and times and also experience difference wearing ways as they also have such desire. Underwears were designed to be worn by adjusting cloth rings, rubber bands, or hook and eye to fit different dimensions. The final products are as follows. First, empire dress doesn't need underwear to wear. Depending on the purpose of the rental dress, the back side of upper clothes have lace up by using cloth rings like empire style. Skirt was cut to use hem lace suitably from wasted dress. Second, Crinoline dress is usually configured of Crinoline, Petticoat, Two Piece on Drawers, Chemise, and Corset. It was designed by flat front, bigger sides and backs by Crinoline and Petticoat.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.1-14
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• 1993

The purpose of this study is to find the differences between home economics before and after korean Independence of the dominance of Japanes Empire. The specific aimes are to compare the subject organization, educational purpose and subject contents etc. of home economics in korean school before with after the Korean Independence of the dominance of Japanes Empire. The methods to study were to analyze some documents(laws or regulations)and textbooks etc. at that time. The result of this study is summerized as follow. 1. The subject of home economics in primary school were‘Jaibong(sewing)’,‘Kasa(household affairs)’just before Korean Independence of Japan in 1945. But the subject of home economics changed to‘Yori(cooking)’,‘Jaibong’after Korean Independence in 1945. In 1946,‘Yori’and Jaibong were integrated in‘Kasa’. In 1954, ‘Kasa’changed to ‘Silkwa(Practical Course)’. The subject of home economics in middle or high girl school were‘Kajeong(home)’, ‘Yuga(nursing)’,‘Bogeon(preservation of health)’,‘Pibok(clothing)’just before Korean Independence in 1945. But the 4 subjects changed to‘Kasa’,‘Jaibong’,‘Suye(embroidery)’and the 3 subjects changed‘Sileop and Kajeong(home affairs)’again. 2. The hours per week assigned to home economics education were higher in high school years than in low school years both in primary schools and middle or high schools. 3. Among various home economics subjects, the hours assigned to‘Jaibong’were higher than any other home economics subjects. But The hours assigned to the‘Kasa’tended to increase in high school years. 4. The purpose of home economics education in schools before Korean Independence of Japan focused of fostering korean's loyalty to Japan Empire in the end and on cultivating womanly virtue etc. This tendency was more prominant in middle or high school than primary school. 5. Korean home economics education during about 10 years generally followed the home economics education of Japanes Empire. 6. The home economics education in primary school for school boys was practised after 1955(The period of 1th curriculum). Before that time was practised home economics education for school girls. 7. Generally home economics education in Korean schools was weakened after Korea became Independant of Japanes Empire in 1945. 8. The contents of home economics education after Korean Independence tended to follow those of Japan. Among domains of the home economics the rate of contents of‘siksainghwall(life of foods)’tended to be largest, the rate of‘Jusainghwal(life of house)’lowest in primary, while the contents of‘oeusainghwal(life of clothing)’tended to be largest, the rate of‘Jusainghwal(life of house)’lowest in middle education.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.63 no.8
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• pp.125-142
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• 2013

Soek(Xi) was the highest ranked shoe that was worn with the primary formal dress in East Asian countries including ancient Korea and China. This article examined Joseon's Seok as discussed in previous studies, and it explored factors such as the wearers' status, wearing situations, its morphology, its materials, and its colors in the Great Han Empire period (1897~1910), and then extracted three morphological characteristics of the Korean Seok to examine its origin. The results of the study are as follows. For women, the Seok in the Great Han Empire period was worn with Won-sam(圓衫) and No-eui(露衣) as well as Jeok-eui(翟衣), and hence its range of wearing was extensive. Also, red Seok was worn with deep red colored Dae-sam(大衫)-styled Jeok-eui in the Joseon period(1392~1897), and blue Seok with deep blue Jeok-eui in the Great Han Empire period. This suggests the possibility that wearing of deep blue Jeok-eui occurred after 1906 in terms of the use of blue Seok. As for its morphology, its leg-less form was maintained into the late Joseon period, and there were no great changes in its name. The characteristics of the Korean Seok's morphological structure consisted of a shoe leg, the wood-less bottom and pearl ornament. As a result of the examination of the origin of those characteristics, it has been clarified that the form in which Gu, Eok, Jun(純), are attached in the structure with a shoe leg originated from the combination of Hwa(靴) and Li(履) after the two types of shoes were alternately worn in the Song (宋) period. Also, it was confirmed that the woodless bottom appeared between the periods from Wei Jin Northern and Southern Dynasties(魏晉南北朝) to Sui(隋), and the pearl ornament occurred in the Jin(金) period.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.8 no.12
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• pp.310-321
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• 2008

In the era of the Korean Empire, the identity of nation is not secured, therefore police system are also changed many times which has not an consistent directions. There are efforts of the ruler to reinforce or protect the nation against the invasion of outside power in the process, of course. But these efforts which reinforce the power of despotic emperor and modernize the nation are disappointed by the exclusive control of japan after the Russo-Japanese War in 1904. Therefore, japan disseized the police power of the Korean Empire in various forms(general police and military police). And these general police and military police are faced role conflict often, finally integrate to the military police, which take root the basic model of colonial police in 1910.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.24
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• pp.335-364
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• 1996

The colony education policy of Japanese Empire was, as a su n.0, ppression on national salvation education of Korean, on the one hand it was liquidation of Korean national spirit and other hand, it has the object to Japanizing Koreans through cramming Japanese language and its culture. During the Japanse occupation of Korea, the libraries had two roles, one was to press Korean and its culture and the other was to civilize Koreans for Japanizing. The purpose of this study is to examine the role of rural-mini libraries whether the former or the latter. From 1932 to The Chosun Governor- General Department (Chosun Chongdokboo) actively spread 'The Movement of Rural Development in Korea. At the same time there were many rural -mini libraries in Korean rural and fishing community. Under the colony of Japanese Empire, colony policy was itself very tough that Japanese Empire did their utmost ideas to win Korean culture over and Japanzing Korean with every possible pressures. Since rural-mini libraries were planned by the chosun Governor-General Department, however, were established by Korean themselves with the property of local education center( Hyanggyo). Therefore, rural-mini libraries were as facilities to promote rural economic development for providing Japanese with some materials which need to conduct a war, and to introduce local people to participate in civilizing activity themselves and farmers and fishermen were forced to group to be educated in Japanese language and its reading. Rural-mini libraries were, as it were, not as facilities for enlightening Korean peoples but as facilities for civilizing Koreans.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.761-773
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• 2016

This study reviews Korean population geographic documents and description by Westerners, from the mid 1800s to the Great Han Empire. The major findings are as follows. First I search and find about 20 literatures including the population contents. Second I trace their narration related Korean population, and confirm the key themes; the total population in national and local scale, distribution, density and migration. Finally I try to interpret the Westerners' recognition and perspective on Korean through their representing and depicting the Korean population.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.439-453
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• 2015

This research is regarding Park Ki-Jong's Western-style court costume and emphasizes the shape and style peculiarities of Western-style court costumes in the Korean Empire from the 1876 Port Opening to the 1910 annexation of Korean to Japan. Park Ki-Jong's frock coat was made during the period of the established law from 1900 to 1910. 1) The brand was ASADA TAILOR from Kyung-Sung. 2) The shape was long at the front and back, and it featured a picked lapel and double breast with six buttons to fasten and two buttons for decoration on the upper part. 3) The frock coat's materials were black wool fabric and black ridged silk. The lining's material was black plain silk and the sleeve's lining was white with blue striped silk. 4) The front separated the upper and bottom parts. The bottom was composed of a one-piece A-line skirt that continued from the front to back. The top of the back was separated by the princess line and the center-back seam was also separated with a vent. However, the center-back of the waistline was not separated, and it continued to one piece. The sleeve shape was a two-piece sleeve style with a phony vent and two wrapping buttons.