• 한국철학논집
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• 제41호
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• pp.9-38
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• 2014

한훤당 김굉필(1454~1504)은 고려 말엽 정몽주가 단서를 열어놓은 도학을 하나의 학문 경향으로 승화시켰다. 김굉필은 '조선도학의 시조'로 일컬어졌으며, 이후 4백여 년 동안 도학자의 전형으로 받들어졌다. 김굉필이 씨를 뿌린 도학은 학문과 정치의 기준이 되었다. 조선의 선비들은 김굉필을 본받아 "소학"을 통해 근기(根基)를 배양하였고, 그 기운은 선비의 원기(元氣), 나아가 국가의 원기로 승화하여 국맥(國脈)을 유지하는 원동력이 되었다. 김굉필은 "소학"으로 학문 하는 방법을 제시하였고, "소학"에서 요구하는 강한 실천성을 바탕으로 도덕적 인간, 도덕적 이상사회를 추구하였다. 개인의 수양과 사회 개혁은 서로 다른 차원의 것이 아니다. 김굉필이 몸으로 보인 '자기 수양(律己)'의 정신은 조광조(趙光祖)의 단계에 이르러 도학적 이상국가의 추구로 발전하였다. 김굉필은 '경(敬)'을 통해 "소학"의 가르침을 달성할 수 있다고 보았다. '경'이라는 수양 방법을 통해 마음을 다스리는 것은 조선 성리학의 요체다. 김굉필은 조선의 유학을 '심학(心學)'으로 자리매김하였다. 김굉필 이전에는 심학의 모습을 제대로 선보인 학자가 없었다. 명종 선조 시기 이후로 조선의 유학은 심학으로 정초되어 갔다. 17세기 중엽 이후에는 '경'을 중심으로 한 심학 체계가 공고하게 구축되었다. 김굉필의 문인과 그들이 양성한 학인들은 16세기 중반 이후, 조선의 학계 정계를 이끌었다. 이들은 선조 즉위 이후 사림파(士林派) 집권의 주인공들이었다. 조선을 도덕적 이상국가로 승화시키고 '사림의 나라'로 만든 그 기초는 사실상 김굉필이 놓았다고 할 수 있다.

• 대순사상논총
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• 제21권
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• pp.255-284
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• 2013

There are many discourses about 'religion and women,' but it is no exaggeration to say that there is none about 'religion and men.' This is because the existing religions have been male-centric and have produced legions of male-dominated cultures. In Catholic Church, even today, only men can become the Pope, and women are not allowed to enter priesthood. Meanwhile, in the Islamic cultural areas, the reality is that women are being victimized by men who do not recognize the bad habits such as honor killings, or honor crimes. It is certain that gender discrimination in religious and cultural areas cannot be overlooked. This study focuses on the understanding of women in the thought of Daesoonjinrihoe(大巡眞理會), that is, the Daesoon Thought, which claims to advocate world peace. Daesoonjinrihoe is understood as a thought which tries to overcome gender discrimination prevalent in the existing religions and presents the vision of a new religion which aims to realize a new world of peace by drawing a distinction between the Former Heaven and the Latter Heaven. This study examines the understanding of women by looking at the tenet of Daesoonjinrihoe that consists of 'YeumYangHapDeok(陰陽合德), SinInJoHwa(神人調化), HaeWon-SangSaeng(解冤相生), DoTongJinGyeong(道通眞境).' The tenet is thought of as the basis of creed on which the understanding of women by the Daesoon Thought can be grasped as it basically contains the essence of teaching of the order. In the Daesoon Thought, women have the same status as men; women can become holy and dignified beings by engaging in independent, active, and autonomous spiritual exercises, and serve as a driving force for the realization of the ideal world. This understanding of women by the Daesoon Thought contains the idea of peace which can turn 'the culture of discrimination' into 'the culture of equality,' and 'the culture of life destruction' into 'the culture of life care.'

• 복식
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• 제32권
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• pp.101-116
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to survey the system of the Korean Shaman's costume and its formative character and to find out the symbolic meaning of it. This study focuses on a shaman's costume in Seoul-Gut Seoul-Gut belongs to 'Gangsin-mu' Therefore a shaman's costumes in Seoul-Gut remains even today. Korean shamanistic ritual is gut. Its basic structure generally consists of 12 'Geori(a process is made up Gut)' In Gangsin-mu a shaman changes his/her spirit's costumes in each Geori so that a shaman's costumes means the spirit. The shaman's costumes of 12-Geori in Seoul-Gut has only 5 or 6 kinds be-cause shamans wear the same costume when the spirit's characters are similar with each other. Therefore shaman's costumes in Seoul-Gut are consistsof Poungsangbok pulsajang-sam cjulik Kugunbok Monduri and Wonsam There are some differences between modern shaman's costumes in Seoul-Gut and traditional costume in the basic pattern and the wearing method,. Modern shaman's costumes in Seoul-Gut has become simpler in the basic pattern and more gergeous in the color or adornment and more various in the kinds of shaman's costume than that of Yi Dynasty. This tendency in modern shaman's costumes reflects modernized folk's viewpoint in dress. which thinks highly of their individuality and function and variety in it. Korean shaman's costumes means the extintion of the earthly world and symbolizes the holy symbolizes the holy symbolizes the spirits character, Ying Yang Theory and represents shaman's wishes. The wishes are the desire of prefection and stability in this world the desire of ideal love and rebirth and the desire of lofty life in this world.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.153-165
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• 2007

The story treats each individual's vision as well as social reality that the author intends to describe. The purpose of this article is to search for the conflict between vision and reality, especially in feminist problem that critics have treated on the works of women writers. Though some articles have studied on the issue similar to this article, I try to analyze the narratives in the text that the author herself confesses to us. I think that we can find out clear messages from the individuals who construct the human relationship and build up their personal history through their dialogue or monologue. We can also catch their main problems in the community. I discuss the topic by mentioning the detailed discourses referred to the heroine and other characters in the text. The passages mentioned by the characters in the story may be a confession for the present and future generation that the author tries to confess. From the excerpts of some discourse, I can conclude that though Dorothea has a vision for her ideal, she is a failed feminist, for society is too strong for her as Miller (1990) argues.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제38호
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• pp.48-56
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• 2003

This study is purposed to find the transition of the perspective connected with visual modality. The perspective based on Greek optics and euclidean geometry and rediscovered in Renaissance represents the object according to the particular moment and the point of view, is a principal fact which affect architecture, the form of a city and the spatial organization and symbolizes an ideal of the times. It embodied perception which treats the space rationally on the basis of realism and became visual modality based on the separation of the seeing subject and the world of the object. The point of view became one with the vanishing point which made up the shape and after Renaissance for four hundred years a straight line, a right angle and a circle got to be favorite geometrical choices in architecture. A fixed point of view of the subject is getting to change and break up fundamentally by the new visual technologies of the modem times.

• 수완나부미
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.177-196
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• 2015

This study on Mahāsammata Model of Kingship in Mrauk U Period from the 15^th to 18^th centuries attempts to demonstrate how the kings of Mrauk U or royal officials tried to claim this legitimating model of kingship and how they accepted this model of kingship and under what conditions the legitimate order of this model was lost. Vital to the adaptation of Mahāsammata model of kingship in the Mrauk U period is the claim that Mrauk U's rulers were direct lineal descendants of the first Buddhist king of the world, Mahāsammata and thence the clan of Gotama Buddha, Sākiya clan. This ideological model of kingship has a recognizable effect on the political stability of Mrauk U kingdom. While the Mahāsammata model of kingship performed as a belief of legitimizing kingship within the arena of royal court, the kings of Mrauk U tried to perform the related models of Mahāsammata, the ideal models of Buddhist kingship as dhammarāja and a cakkavatti. However, the conditions that fail to maintain the Mahāsammata model of kingship saw the weakening of the other related models of kingship, which eventually led to the decline of the kingdom.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.239-245
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to suggest the direction of the future fashion by grasping the cyber fashion, which is discussed outstandingly in the recent fashion world, into internal expression and external features. The result of this study is as follows: Cyber fashion means the application of the electronic image, dynamic phenonmenon of machine, and the effects of light to fashion, and it has some external features of geometrical pattern, dynamic structure, and high-tech material and color: Aside from this noticeable characteristics, cyber fashion has some internal features of the direction toward future, the anti-culture, and the surreal. In this cyber fashion, first, computer will be introduced and used as the means to realize a dream of human being. Second, it will be designed with the ideal feature of future society. Third, it will be possible to develope material and design to solve ecological issue of human beings. Fourth, the fashion to give the peace and stability to human being will be popular.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.442-453
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• 2021

Artificial intelligence (AI) will likely affect various fields of medicine. This article aims to explain the fundamental principles of clinical validation, device approval, and insurance coverage decisions of AI algorithms for medical diagnosis and prediction. Discrimination accuracy of AI algorithms is often evaluated with the Dice similarity coefficient, sensitivity, specificity, and traditional or free-response receiver operating characteristic curves. Calibration accuracy should also be assessed, especially for algorithms that provide probabilities to users. As current AI algorithms have limited generalizability to real-world practice, clinical validation of AI should put it to proper external testing and assisting roles. External testing could adopt diagnostic case-control or diagnostic cohort designs. A diagnostic case-control study evaluates the technical validity/accuracy of AI while the latter tests the clinical validity/accuracy of AI in samples representing target patients in real-world clinical scenarios. Ultimate clinical validation of AI requires evaluations of its impact on patient outcomes, referred to as clinical utility, and for which randomized clinical trials are ideal. Device approval of AI is typically granted with proof of technical validity/accuracy and thus does not intend to directly indicate if AI is beneficial for patient care or if it improves patient outcomes. Neither can it categorically address the issue of limited generalizability of AI. After achieving device approval, it is up to medical professionals to determine if the approved AI algorithms are beneficial for real-world patient care. Insurance coverage decisions generally require a demonstration of clinical utility that the use of AI has improved patient outcomes.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2003

Wharton Esherick (1887-1970) is the pioneer of the Studio Furniture movement which was emerging after the Second World War in the United States. As Esherick began to work on his studio at Paoli, Pennsylvania from 1926, he became enormously influential in the Stuido Furniture movement until his death in 1972. He was connecting the English Arts and Crafts ideal to the post-war craft revival. As the work of William Morris did, in the period of consumerism Esherick's furniture gave a chance to purchase unique furniture to people who wanted a different taste. Not only his furniture is unique and hand-crafted also has sculptural quality which made his followers to see furniture as a different possibilities. His work was influential to the people who followed him after the war such as Arthur Carpenter, Wendell Castle, and Sam Maloof. In the roots of the craft revival, it is hard to underestimate the contribution of Esherick's notion of sculptural furniture.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.194-207
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• 2022

In the last decade, substantial progress has been achieved in intelligent traffic control technologies to overcome consistent difficulties of traffic congestion and its adverse effect on smart cities. Edge computing is one such advanced progress facilitating real-time data transmission among vehicles and roadside units to mitigate congestion. An edge computing-based deep reinforcement learning system is demonstrated in this study that appropriately designs a multiobjective reward function for optimizing different objectives. The system seeks to overcome the challenge of evaluating actions with a simple numerical reward. The selection of reward functions has a significant impact on agents' ability to acquire the ideal behavior for managing multiple traffic signals in a large-scale road network. To ascertain effective reward functions, the agent is trained withusing the proximal policy optimization method in several deep neural network models, including the state-of-the-art transformer network. The system is verified using both hypothetical scenarios and real-world traffic maps. The comprehensive simulation outcomes demonstrate the potency of the suggested reward functions.