• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.531-541
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• 2020

This paper demonstrates the possibility of evaluating the safety of a building right after an earthquake using consumer-grade surveillance cameras installed in the building. Two cameras are used in each story to extract the time history of interstory drift during the earthquake based on camera calibration, stereo triangulation, and image template matching techniques. The interstory drift of several markers on the rigid floor are used to estimate the motion of the geometric center using the least square approach, then the horizontal interstory drift of any location on the floor can be estimated. A shaking table collapse test of a steel building was conducted to verify the proposed approach. The results indicate that the accuracy of the interstory drift measured by the cameras is high enough to estimate the damage state of the building based on the fragility curve of the interstory drift ratio. On the other hand, the interstory drift measured by an accelerometer tends to underestimate the damage state when residual interstory drift occurs because the low frequency content of the displacement signal is eliminated when high-pass filtering is employed for baseline correction.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.53-57
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• 2014

With the use of diffusion-limited aggregation modeling, we have investigated the effect of particle drift for dendritic growth. It is found that the morphology of dendritic growth is sensitive to the particle drift, i.e., the larger drift effect results in the denser growth of dendrite. From the analysis using the correlation function, we found the fractional dimension of each dendrite increases as the particles drift increases. Furthermore, we showed the height of dendrite significantly decrease for the slight change of particles drift. Finally, we discussed the strategy to reduce dendritic growth by modifying the transport properties of electrolytes.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2001

In the pesticides sprays, spray and atomization technologies to increase the deposition and reduce the drift are briefly reviewed. Further research is needed to deduce a measure of drift risk in sprays with different structures, velocity profiles. For flat fan nozzles, the data of breakup length and thickness of liquid sheet are essential to understand the atomization processes and develop the transport model to target. In the air-assisted spray technology to reduce drift, further works on the effect of application height on drift and air assistance on droplet size should be followed. In addition, methods for quantifying included air in the air inclusion techniques are required. A few researches on the droplet size of fallout can be found in the literature. A combined technology with electrostatic method into one of method for the reduction of drift may be an effective strategy for increasing deposition and reducing drift.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.17-22
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• 2000

As the offshore oil fields are moved to the deep ocean, the oil production system of FPSO(Floating Production Storage and Offloading System) Type are constructed frequently these days. So, it is very important to estimate the drift motion and damping effects due to the drift motion simultaneously. The components of slow drift motion damping consist of viscous, wave radiation effect and wave drift damping. It is needed to estimate the wave drift damping more accurately than others. The wave drift damping signifies the time-rate of mean wave drift force on oscillating ship or ocean structure which constant speed. In order to calculate this, the 3-Dimensional panel method is employed with the translating and pulsating Green function in the frequency domain. The calculation is carried out for a Series 60 ($C_B$/=0.7) and the results are compared with other numerical ones.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.38-45
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• 1997

The steady drift forces on a barge in waves are investigated. The steady drift forces due to a near-field method which is based on direct integration of the pressure acting on the submerged surface of barge are compared with those due to far-field method which is based on the theory of momentum conservation. Numerical results of the linear motions are compared with the experimental and numercal ones which was submitted in the literature. A convergence of the steady drift forces according to the increase of the number of panels which represent the submerged surface are discussed.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제67권6호
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• pp.587-601
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• 2018

Elevated water tanks are inverted pendulum type structures where drift limit is an important criterion for seismic design and performance evaluation. Explicit drift criteria for elevated water tanks are not available in the literature. In this study, probabilistic approach is used to determine maximum drift limit for damage state of yielding and damage state of collapse for the elevated water tanks supported on RC frame staging. The two damage states are defined using results of incremental dynamic analysis wherein a total of 2160 nonlinear time history analyses are performed using twelve artificial spectrum compatible ground motions. Analytical fragility curves are developed using two-parameter lognormal distribution. The maximum allowable drifts corresponding to yield and collapse level requirements are estimated for different tank capacities. Finally, a single fragility curve is developed which provides maximum drift values for the different probability of damage. Further, for rational consideration of the uncertainties in design, three confidence levels are selected and corresponding drift limits for damage states of yielding and collapse are proposed. These values of maximum drift can be used in performance-based seismic design for a particular damage state depending on the level of confidence.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.145-157
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• 2023

Due to a recent increase in maritime activities in South Korea, the frequency of maritime distress is escalating and poses a significant threat to lives and property. The aim of this study was to validate a drift trajectory prediction technique to help mitigate the damages caused by maritime distress incidents. In this study, OpenDrift was verified using satellite drifter data from the Korea Hydrographic and Oceanographic Agency. OpenDrift is a Monte-Carlo-based Lagrangian trajectory modeling framework that allows for considering leeway, an important factor in predicting the movement of floating marine objects. The simulation results showed no significant differences in the performance of drift trajectory prediction when considering leeway using four evaluation methods (normalized cumulative Lagrangian separation, root mean squared error, mean absolute error, and Euclidean distance). However, leeway improved the performance in an analysis of location prediction conformance for maritime search and rescue operations. Therefore, the findings of this study suggest that it is important to consider leeway in drift trajectory prediction for effective maritime search and rescue operations. The results could help with future research on drift trajectory prediction of various floating objects, including marine debris, satellite drifters, and sea ice.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.449-457
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• 2006

The driver model during drift cornering was examined, and a technique to improve vehicle movement performance during drift cornering was investigated. Based on the results obtained, the driver was found to steer using feedback of the body slip angle and the body slip angle velocity during drift cornering. Moreover, improvement of the cornering force characteristic, at which exceeded the maximum cornering force calm as much as possible is important.

• Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.44-54
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• 2002

A brief review of current status in the field of agricultural spray and future research challenges are presented. Researches on the pesticides sprays, pollen sprays, postharvest sprays, and biological control agent sprays among the various applications of agricultural spray were selected and reviewed. In the agrochemical sprays, the techniques to increase the deposition such as electrospray and reduce the drift such as introductions of drift retardants and of mechanical means are reviewed. The introduction of mechanical means includes low drift, air-assisted, air inclusion, shield or shroud assisted and pulse flow nozzles. For flat fan nozzles, the data of breakup length and thickness of liquid sheet are essential to understand the atomization processes and develop the transport model to target In the air-assisted spray technology to reduce drift, further works on the effect of application height on drift and air assistance on droplet size should be followed. In addition, methods for quantifying the included air in the air inclusion techniques are required. The atomization characteristics of biopesticides spray are not being elucidated and the formulations of biopesticides should be taken into account the spray characteristics of existing nozzle and sprayer. A few researches on the droplet size of fallout can be found in the literature. A combined technology with electrostatic method into one of method for the reduction of drift may be an effective strategy for increasing deposition and reducing drift. Only an integrated approach involving all stakeholders such as engineers, chemists, and biologists, etc. can result in improved application of agricultural spray.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.173-190
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• 2015

This study presents an analytical investigation on the seismic response of a medium-rise buckling-restrained braced frame (BRBF) under the near-fault ground motions. A seven-story BRBF is designed as per the current code provisions for five different combinations of brace configurations and beam-column connections. Two types of brace configurations (i.e., Chevron and Double-X) are considered along with a combination of the moment-resisting and the non-moment-resisting beam-to-column connections for the study frame. Nonlinear dynamic analyses are carried out for all study frames for an ensemble of forty SAC near-fault ground motions. The main parameters evaluated are the interstory and residual drift response, brace displacement ductility, and plastic hinge mechanisms. Fragility curves are developed using log-normal probability density functions for all study frames considering the interstory drift ratio and residual drift ratio as the damage parameters. The average interstory drift response of BRBFs with Double-X brace configurations significantly exceeded the allowable drift limit of 2%. The maximum displacement ductility characteristics of BRBs is efficiently utilized under the seismic loading if these braces are arranged in the Double-X configurations instead of Chevron configurations in BRBFs located in the near-fault regions. However, BRBFs with the Double-X brace configurations exhibit the higher interstory drift and residual drift response under near-fault ground motions due to the formation of plastic hinges in the columns and beams at the intermediate story levels.