• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제68권6호
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• pp.721-733
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• 2018

The modal frequency responses of functionally graded (FG) sandwich doubly curved shell panels are investigated using a higher-order finite element formulation. The system of equations of the panel structure derived using Hamilton's principle for the evaluation of natural frequencies. The present shell panel model is discretised using the isoparametric Lagrangian element (nine nodes and nine degrees of freedom per node). An in-house MATLAB code is prepared using higher-order kinematics in association with the finite element scheme for the calculation of modal values. The stability of the opted numerical vibration frequency solutions for the various shell geometries i.e., single and doubly curved FG sandwich structure are proven via the convergence test. Further, close conformance of the finite element frequency solutions for the FG sandwich structures is found when compared with the published theoretical predictions (numerical, analytical and 3D elasticity solutions). Subsequently, appropriate numerical examples are solved pertaining to various design factors (curvature ratio, core-face thickness ratio, aspect ratio, support conditions, power-law index and sandwich symmetry type) those have the significant influence on the free vibration modal data of the FG sandwich curved structure.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.63-71
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• 2011

Three-dimensional finite element analysis is performed to study the temperature distribution phenomenon of TIG assisted friction stir welding (TAFSW) between dissimilar plates (Al 6061-T6 and stainless steel 304). TAFSW is a solid-state welding process that integrates TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas) into a friction stir welding (FSW), to preheat the harder material ahead of FSW tool during welding. In order to facilitate the industrial application of welding, 3D numerical modeling of heat transfer has been carried out applying Finite Element Method (FEM). The temperature distribution due to heat generation during TAFSW on dissimilar materials joint is analysed using in-house solver. Moving heat source along with frictional heat between the work specimens and tool surface is considered to calculate the heat input. The analytical model used predicts successfully the maximum welding temperatures that occur on the dissimilar materials during TAFSW. Comparison with the infra red camera and thermocouple measurement results shows that the results from the current numerical simulation have good agreement with the measured data.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.393-405
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• 2023

In this paper, the energy absorption capability of a novel cruciform composite lattice structure was evaluated through the simulation of compression tests. For this purpose, several test samples of Polylactic acid cellular reinforced with continuous glass fibers were prepared for compression testing using the additive manufacturing method of material extrusion. Using a conventional path design for material extrusion, multiple debonding is probable to be occurred at the joint regions of adjacent cells. Therefore, an innovative printing path design was proposed for the cruciform lattice structure. Afterwards, quasistatic compression tests were performed to evaluate the energy absorption behaviour of this structure. A finite element model based on local material property degradation was then developed to verify the experimental test and extend the virtual test method. Accordingly, different combinations of unit cells' dimensions using the design of the experiment were numerically proposed to obtain the optimal configuration in terms of the total absorbed energy. Having brilliant energy absorption properties, the studied cruciform lattice with its optimized unit cell dimensions can be used as an energy absorber in crashworthiness applications. Finally, a cellular structure will be suitable with optimal behavior in crush load efficiency and high energy absorption.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2003년도 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.415-417
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• 2003

we analyzed the electromagnetic behavior of a superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) under the quench state using FEM. The analysis model used in this work is 5.5 KVA meander-line type SFCLs. Meshes of 3,650 triangular elements were used in the analysis of this SFCL. Analysis results showed that the distribution of current density was concentrated to inner curved line in meander-line type-SFCL and the maximum current density was 14.61 $A/m^2$ and also the maximum Joule heat was 2,030 $W/m^2$ in this region. We think that the new and the modified structure must be considered for an uniform distribution of the electromagnetic field.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.10-17
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• 2014

A 3D model based on the finite element method (FEM) was built to simulate the infrared thermography (IRT) inspection process. Thermal contrast is an important parameter in IRT and was proven to be a function of defect parameters. Parametric studies were conducted on internal defects with different depths, thicknesses, and orientations. Thermal contrast evolution profiles with respect to the time of the defect and host material were obtained through numerical simulation. The thermal contrast decreased with defect depth and slightly increased with defect thickness. Different orientations of thin defects were detected with IRT, but doing so for thick defects was difficult. These thermal contrast variations with the defect depth, thickness, and orientation can help in optimizing the experimental process and interpretation of data from IRT.

• 대한조선학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.58-66
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• 1990

기계적 체결방법은 분해 및 조립이 용이하고 본드접착에 의한 결합보다 신뢰도가 높은 장점이 있으나 원공으로 인한 높은 응력집중을 초래하고 국부적으로 집중된 응력 재분포의 메카니즘이 등방성 재료와는 달리 매우 복잡하고 실적 데이타 및 실험자료가 거의 없어, 복합재료구조물의 결합방법으로 많은 연구 검토를 필요로 하고 있다. 본 연구에서 사용한 시편은 $[0^{\circ}/45^{\circ}90^{\circ}/-45^{\circ}]_s$ 적층판으로 W(시편의 폭)/d(핀의 직경) 및 L(edge의 거리)/d를 변화시키면서 실험을 수행하여 기하학적 형상 및 적층강도 변화에 따른 파손강도 및 파손양상을 측정하여 그 결과를 이론해석 값과 비교하였다. 실험결과에 따라 최적기법으로 만든 새로운 변수 $\alpha,\;\beta,\;\gamma$를 재료상수로 취급하여 W/d및 L/d와 체결강도와의 관계식을 이용하면, 동일한 재료로 제작한 적층판의 체결강도를 8%이내의 오차로 예측 가능하다. 초음파 탐상법(Ultrasonic C-scanning)으로는 손상영역 탐색 및 손상영역 확대과정을 파악하고, X-ray로는 몇 단계 하중상태에서 손상부를 촬영하였고, SEM(Scanning electron microscopes)을 이용 원공주위 파손부의 균열의 진전상태를 미시적으로 관찰하였다. 파손강도 및 파손양상에 대한 실험결과와 FEM이론해석 모델에 예측한 값과의 차이는 $L/D=2{\sim}3$인 경우를 제외하고는 대부분 일치하였다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.428-446
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• 1997

Restorative procedures can lead to weakening tooth due to reduction and alteration of tooth structure. It is essential to prevent fractures to conserve tooth. The resistance to fracture of the restored tooth may be influenced by many factors, among these are the cavity dimension and the physical properties of the restorative material. The placement of direct composite resin restorations has generally been found to have a strengthening effect on the prepared teeth. It is the purpose of this investigation to study the relationship between the cavity isthmus and the fracture resistance of a tooth in composite resin restorations. In this study, MO cavity was prepared on maxillary first premolar. Three dimensional finite element models were made by serial photographic method and isthmus(1/4, 1/3, 1/2 of intercuspal distance) were varied. Two types of model(B and R model) were developed. B model was assumed perfect bonding between the restoration and cavity wall and R model was left unfilled. A load of 500N was applied vertically at the first node from the lingual slope of the buccal cusp tip. This study analysed the displacement, 1 and 2 direction normal stress and strain with FEM software ABAQUS Version 5.2 and hardware IRIS 4D/310 VGX Work-station. The results were as follows : 1. Displacement of buccal cusp in R model occurred and increased as widening of the cavity, and displacement in B model was little and not influenced by cavity width. 2. There was a significant decrease of stress resulting in increase of fracture resistance in B model when compared with R model. 3. With the increase of the isthmus width, B model showed no change in the stress and strain. In R model, the stress and strain increased both in the area of buccal-pulpal line angle and the buccal side of marginal ridge, therefore the possibility of crack increased. 4. The stress and strain were distributed evenly on the tooth in B model, but in R model, were concentrated on the buccal side of the distal marginal ridge and buccal-pulpal line angle, therefore the possibility of fracture increased.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제41권11호
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• pp.1125-1130
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• 2017

$170^{\circ}C$의 고온에서 작동하는 자동변속기 토크컨버터의 리액터와 끝단 레이스 두 부품간 이빨이 서로 맞닿는 부분의 응력을 분산시키고, 수명을 증가시키기 위하여 치(이빨), 스플라인 두 형태의 리액터의 치형상을 FEM 최적화하였다. 최적화에 선행하여 서로 다른 재료로 된 두 부품의 열팽창에 의한 간격을 해석하였으며, 그 결과 열팽창 후에 치형 리액터는 약 0.1 mm, 스플라인형 리액터는 약 0.08 mm의 추가 간격이 발생한다는 것을 확인하였다. 형상최적화 결과 두 가지 형태의 리액터 치가 모두 비대칭 사다리꼴 형상으로 최적화 되었다. 이로 인해 치형 리액터의 경우 기존 비최적화 모델 대비, 최대등가응력이 24.5 % 감소하였으며, 스플라인형 리액터는 기존 비최적화 모델 대비 최대등가응력은 9.3 % 감소하였으며, 축 방향 두께는 13 % 감소하였다.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.15-23
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• 2015

본 연구는 유한요소해석 기반의 Helmholtz solver인 ASCI3D를 사용하여 예혼합 가스터빈 연소기에서 연소불안정 현상과 관련된 주요 결과들을 예측하였다. 해석결과는 실험결과와 비교할 때 일반적인 불안정 특성 예측에는 성공하였으나, 불안정 구간이 나타나는 영역을 다소 과대 예측하는 경향이 발견되었다. 이를 개선하기 위한 노력으로 반사계수가 불안정 특성에 미치는 영향이 분석되었다. 결과로부터 반사계수는 불안정 특성에 큰 영향을 미치고, 정확한 예측 결과를 얻기 위해서는 정확한 음향 경계 조건의 정의가 필수적인 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제43권10호
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• pp.920-927
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 블레이드 해석 라이브러리를 통해 단면해석 및 응력복원 해석 결과를 VABS의 결과와 비교하였다. 강성 행렬로 연결된 1차원 보 모델을 가상일의 원리에 의해 계산된 에너지를 복원 이론에 기반한 차원 복원해석 과정을 통해 계산된 응력과 3차원 해석모델과 비교하였다. 블레이드 해석 라이브러리의 구성, 입력 및 출력 형태, 차원 축소와 복원을 통한 로터 블레이드의 구조해석 프로시져를 기술하고, 블레이드 해석 라이브러리의 검증은 고형모델, 박 벽 모델의 단면해석, 3차원 복합재료 유한요소 모델로 구성하여 VABS를 통하여 검증하였다. 차원 축소와 복원해석을 통하여 블레이드 해석 라이브러리는 복합재료 블레이드의 전후처리 프로그램와 연계되어 고고도 무인기, 로터 블레이드, 풍력 블레이드 및 틸트로터 블레이드의 모델링에 활용될 수 있을 것이다.