• Title/Summary/Keyword: the 2000s

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Development of fluorination methodology for carbon-fluorine bond formation: nucleophilic fluorinating reagents in the mid-2000s

  • Bae, Dae Young;Lee, Eunsung
    • Journal of Radiopharmaceuticals and Molecular Probes
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    • v.3 no.2
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    • pp.129-133
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    • 2017
  • Since carbon-fluorine (C-F) bonds play a key role to improve bioavailability and lipophilicity, they have found commonly in pharmaceuticals, radiopharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and material science. Advances on the efficient method to introduce fluorine to complex organic molecules are mainly results of development of fluorination reagents and transition metal catalysts. In this mini-review, we want to emphasize two representative nucleophilic fluorinating reagents regarding carbon-fluorine bond formation, which were developed in the mid-2000s.

A Study on Trench Coat as Classic Fashion Style (클래식 패션으로서의 트렌치 코트(trench coat)에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Ji-Young
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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    • v.57 no.9
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    • pp.49-66
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    • 2007
  • Trench coat derived from military uniforms was one of the classical fashion items and has been endeared as everyday outfits thanks to useful traits. Since 1990s classical design of trench coat began to be modified and many variant styles were appeared after 2000s. Trench coat designs after 2000s were appeared as tradition type that was stick to basic British classic style, variation type that was changed in details, colors, materials, and silhouettes, evolution type that was changed into new items, deconstruction type that was dissolved and open-structured. Modern trench coat expressed modern chic, elegance feminine, stylish casual, military and gangster images. The characteristics of trench coat as classic fashion were utility for everyday life style, excellent ability to express images, and strong visual effects of characteristic details. Trench coat was timeless as classic fashion, at the same time, changed into new fashion styles suitable for the sense of the times.

Search for broadband extended gravitational-wave emission bursts in LIGO S6 in 350-2000 Hz by GPU acceleration

  • van Putten, Maurice H.P.M.
    • The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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    • v.42 no.1
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    • pp.37.3-37.3
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    • 2017
  • We present a novel GPU accelerated search algorithm for broadband extended gravitational-wave emission (BEGE) with better than real-time analyis of H1-L1 LIGO S6 data. It performs matched filtering with over 8 million one-second duration chirps. Parseval's Theorem is used to predict the standard deviation ${\sigma}$ of filter output, taking advantage of near-Gaussian LIGO (H1,L1)-data in the high frequency range of 350-2000 Hz. A multiple of ${\sigma}$ serves as a threshold to filter output back to the central processing unit. This algorithm attains 80% efficiency, normalized to the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). We apply it to a blind, all-sky search for BEGE in LIGO data, such as may be produced by long gamma-ray bursts and superluminous supernovae. We report on mysterious features, that are excluded by exact simultaneous occurrance. Our results are consistent with no events within a radius of about 20 Mpc.

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Sports Look Expressed in 20th Century Fashion (20세기 패션에 나타난 스포츠푹에 관한 연구)

  • 하지수
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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    • v.50 no.2
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    • pp.15-28
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    • 2000
  • This paper focuses on the sports look expressed in 20th century fashion. It is Age of Sport just as rock'n roll became dominant cultural form of the 1960's and 1970's . In the 1990's the sportsware is fashion. Designers gazing into the future are inspired by the details and functionality of clothing for snow boarding , skiing , motorbike racing and fitness. No doubt fashion in 2000 will also be full of references to it. Since the late 1960's the sportswear that was originally a term for clothing worn for various sports activities in the 1890's has changed and is now considered as fashion for day as well as evening. This has occurred primarily in the U.S. due to the adoption of less formal lifestyles by Americans. while the sportwear is the term which stemmed from the need for functionality in sports, sports look is the style inspired by the formative elements, that is, the details, the shilhouette, and the colors of the sportswear. New technologies for sports, the powerful influence of youthful culture, and the celebritizations of the sports stars made the sports look much hipper and more popular. It can be categoried into three aesthetic values, I. e., the functional sports look,, purism and no useless ornament, the street sports look with fun, androgynous and unisex mode and the mix and match of different texture and colors, and the futuristic sports look with new high tech fabrics and avant-garde style.

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Sixty-year History of the Korean Meteorological Society (한국기상학회 60년사)

  • Tae-Young Lee;Myoung-Seok Suh
    • Atmosphere
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    • v.33 no.2
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    • pp.247-263
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    • 2023
  • A brief history of the Korean Meteorological Society (KMS) is presented for the 60-year period (1963~2022). And academic activities during the period are examined to evaluate their contributions to the achievement of the KMS's goal, that is, the advance of meteorology and circulation of meteorological knowledge. Membership of the KMS was less than 300 before 1990, but increased fast afterwards, exceeding 1000, 2000 and 3000 in 2002, 2014 and 2019, respectively. After 1990, 11 professional committees were set up gradually and played important roles in the advances of professional fields. Size of the KMS budget grew gradually in the 1990s and faster during the 2000s, showing fluctuations in the 2010s. The KMS has been quite active in academic activities such as academic journals, domestic and international conferences, and book publishing. The Journal of the KMS (JKMS) has led the advance of meteorology in Korea since the beginning of the KMS, while "Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences", which succeeded the JKMS in 2008, has been showing significant paper contributions from scientists around the world and increase of impact factor. Total number of presentations in the regular KMS conferences for the 2010s is 5 times larger than that for the 1990s, with a significant diversification of subject area. Internationally, the trilateral conference of the meteorological societies of Korea, China and Japan had been held since 2005. In 2015, the 3 societies stopped the conference and, instead, launched "Asian Conference on Meteorology". Meanwhile, the KMS has published glossaries, dictionaries, and textbooks of atmospheric sciences.

Fishing Characteristics of Pacific Herring Clupea pallasii and Relationship between Its Catch and Sea Temperature during the Past 50 Years in Korean Waters (50년간 우리나라 청어(Clupea pallasii)의 어획 특성 및 어획량과 수온과의 관계)

  • Yoo, Joon-Taek;Kim, Jung Jin
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.54 no.2
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    • pp.208-217
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    • 2021
  • This study described the fishing characteristics of Pacific herring Clupea pallasii and examined the relationship between its catch and sea temperature in Korean waters from 1970 to 2019. Although the herring catch in Korean waters stayed below 1,000 tons per year from the mid-1970s to mid-1980s, the catch in the winters in the East Sea of Korea started to increase markedly after 1987-1988, when the sea surface temperature (SST) seemed to shift to a warmer regime. Since the mid-2000s, overall, herring was caught throughout the year in the East Sea and eastern South Sea of Korea, and its catch significantly increased by around 30,000 tons per year. The main fishing grounds of herring in the poor fishing years until the mid-1980s were possibly formed in the western offshore of Korea, and subsequently the fishing grounds were distributed in the eastern coast of Korea. While the standardized catch per unit effort (CPUE) for two main fisheries of herring catch was significantly correlated with the herring catch since the 2000s, there was a gradual decline since the 2010s. The herring catch in the East Sea had significant positive correlations with SSTs, but that in the West Sea had a significant negative correlation.