• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.97-104
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• 2007

A/R CDM(Afforestation/Reforestation Clean Development Mechanism) in Kyoto Mechanism means, either afforestation in the area used for other purposes more than 50 years or reforestation in the area used for other purposes on December 31st in 1989. South Korea has few sites due to the successful forestation in the past, but North Korea has not reforested the deforested lands since the mid-1970's. So these areas need to apply A/R CDM Project for restoration. The purposes of this study are to make a time series analysis in deforested areas and to estimate a feasibility of A/R CDM. To find the site satisfying A/R CDM business definition, land cover classification was applied using satellite images of the mid-1970's with good forestation, late 1980's including A/R CDM base year, and recent 2000's, and the chronological change was analyzed to categorize the possible sites. The North Korean topographical map of 1977 was used to verify land cover classification degree of 1970's, the land cover classification results made by the Ministry of Environment in 2000 were compared to verify the accuracy of 1980's results, and the land cover classification results in 2000's were verified by 2 site visits. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. The eligible A/R CDM sites are 605,156ha on the basis of the forestation change analysis in North Korea. Since the mid-1970's, 30.8% of the decreased forestation area of 1,966,306ha was classified into A/R CDM eligible sites. While other countries have the limited eligible sites, which has not been used for forestation since 1989 or which is being scattered, North Korea has large scale sites. Deforested sites are mainly around road and residential area, consequently give better accessibility for forestation than other countries. In conclusion, it is found that North Korea can provide efficient site for applying A/R COM Project to forestation restoring deforested land because of easy accessibility and existence of many possible sites due to artificial deforestation. Also, it is meaningful that the study suggests the application possibility of A/R COM Project to restore deforested land in North Korea and the related basic information through the chronological classification of the mid-1970's with good forestation, the late-1980's including A/R COM base year, and recent 2000's. It is expected that the study contributes to revitalization of A/R CDM Project and related research on North Korea forestation.

• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.79-95
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• 1997

본 고에서는 현재 IMT-2000/FPLMTS의 표준화에 대해 가장 적극적으로 추진하고 있는 일본의 차세대 이동통신 연구개발 현황 및 표준화 연구활동에 대해 조사 분석하였다. 일본 이동통신가입자 폭증에 대한 표준화 기관 TTCouncil의 대응책과 차세대 이동통신 시스템에 관한 조사연구회의 활동 결과를 우선소개하고, 표준화 관련 두 기관인 망분야의 TTC와 무선분야의 ARIB에서 추진중인 IMT-2000 표준화 연구조직, 내용 등에 대해서 조사 분석하였다.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.15 no.6 s.66
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• pp.56-64
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• 2000

홈 네트워크의 표준화를 추진하는 분야활동은 크게 매체에 의해서 유/무선으로 구분될 수 있다. 여기서 소개하는 이외에도 홈 네트워크를 목표로 하는 활동분야는 많지만 여기서는 최근 활동이 활발한 분야인 TA1394/HAVi, USB2, Home PNA, 전력선 통신, 무선 1394, Home RF-WG, 블루투스, IrDA의 표준화 단체를 중심으로 국내외 표준 규격화 동향에 대하여 기술한다.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.15-28
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• 2013

Abalone aquaculture has developed very rapidly in Korea. Until the mid 1990s it has annually produced about 100 tons. Since then the yield has increased to about 9,000 tons in 2012. The amount accounts for 20% of the global abalone yield. About 86% of produced abalone is consumed domestically and the rest is exported. 100 tons for export seemed as an unattainable goal back in 2003. However, the export rose up to 1,333 tons in 2012. Despite its rapid growth, Korean abalone industry is faced with some problems. The first is the slowdown of yield increase rates. Abalone production increased by 50~60% until the mid 2000. However, the rate continued to drop to below 10%. Reasons behind the slow increase are deteriorating aquaculture grounds and worsening market problems. Constant aquaculture aggravated productivity and overcrowded facilities at a limited space made matters worse. Moreover, abalone export has stalled and so did domestic consumption. In the meantime, rising mortality of young abalone has lowered productivity at abalone breeding places. The mortality rates of abalone remained below 5% in the early 2000s but rose to 30~40% these days. This translates into rising abalone prices. The market problems imply stagnant or shrinking export as well as domestic consumption. The export increase rates took a nosedive from 200 to below 50 between the early 2000s and the late 2000s. Moreover, the increase rates of domestic consumption have become remarkably sluggish. According to, it stood at 50~60% in the mid 2000s but continued to decrease after 2008. These problems, in turn, affected the size of abalone. The usual abalone size for market was 10~12 shells per kg, but recently the size became smaller and smaller to 15~16 shells per kg. The change of size implies shift in consumption patterns: Consumers not only eat live abalone but also they cook soup with it. The size of abalone for uncooked dish is usually very big, like 10~12 shells per kg. In contrast, smaller abalone, such as 20~25 shells per kg, are used for making soup. Increasing use of smaller abalone leads to lower income of abalone aquaculture households. This is partly because that the size determines the price and the price gap between big abalones and smaller ones is extreme in Korea. For the sustainable growth of Korean abalone industry, we need to come up with strategies. First, a reasonable production system needs to be in place, especially for better management of abalone aquaculture grounds. Management of abalone licenses is also necessary because local governments issue relevant licenses as well as supervising abalone grounds. Second, abalone export destination need to be diversified. Japan, the major importer of Korean abalone, takes up a lion's share of export, at 95%. Third, new consumption style of abalone needs to be developed. Abalone used to be consumed as 'raw type' or Sashimi in Korea. This sole type of consumption hampers the growth of abalone market. Moreover, more strategies are needed to encourage and distribute home cooking of abalone rather than eating-out at restaurants. Last but not least, distribution system should be improved for better delivery of live abalone.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.361-364
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• 2009

Rahnella aquatilis strain AY2000 produces an anti-yeast substance (AYS), however activity of the AYS tends to be decreased by heat. To investigate whether trehalose can protect AYS activity against heat, comparative studies on the AYS with and without trehalose were performed. After heat treatment at high temperatures ($50^{\circ}C-70^{\circ}C$), the AYS with trehalose had higher activity than the AYS without trehalose had. In case of AYS with trehalose (0.3-0.9M), activity of the AYS could be determined at ranging from $7.8\;{\mu}g/mL$ to $31.3\;{\mu}g/mL$ on S. cerevisiae by MTT method. Consequently, activity of the AYS after heating was well maintained by trehalose.

• 전기의세계
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• v.49 no.12
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• pp.22-27
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• 2000

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 2000.11b
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• pp.53-59
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• 2000

• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.77-91
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• 2000

• 대한치과교정학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.42.1-42.1
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• 2000

• The Korea Swine Journal
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• v.22 no.12 s.256
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• pp.110-112
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• 2000