• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.165-173
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• 2004

수리형태학을 이용한 영상분할의 분할 성능은 우수하지만 너무 많은 영역으로 분할되는 경향이 있는데, 후처리 과정을 사용하지 않고 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서는 마커 추출에 사용되는 구조요소의 크기를 증가시켜야 한다. 그러나 구조요소의 크기가 너무 크면 영역의 경계를 제대로 분리해낼 수 없기 때문에 본 논문에서는 영상분할의 성능 개선을 위해 수리형태학적 구조요소를 선택적으로 적용하였다. 이를 위해 평균국부분산과 영상의 기울기를 이용하여 입력 영상을 질감 영역, 에지 영역, 단순 영역으로 분류하였다. 그리고 각 영역별로 구조요소의 크기를 선택적으로 적용하여 영상이 과분할 되는 원인을 제거하였다. 실험 결과, 화소의 밝기 값이 비슷한 영역에 대해서도 영상이 잘 분할됨을 확인하였고 기존의 방법보다 질감 영역 및 에지영역을 정확하게 찾아냄을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.52-59
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• 2004

As deposited and annealed MTJs with the structure of $Ta(5 nm)/Cu(10 nm)/Ta(5 nm)/Ni_{80}Fe_{20}(2 nm)/Cu(5 nm)/ Ir_{25}Mn_{75}(10 nm)/Co_{70}Fe_{30}(2.5 nm)/Al-O/Co_{70}Fe_{30}(2.5nm)/Ni_{80}Fe_{20}(t)/Ta(5nm)/Ni_{80}Fe_{20}(t)/Ta(5 nm)$, where t=10, 30, 60 and 100 nm were characterized by XRD and magnetic hysteresis loops measurements. The XRD measurements were done in grazing incidence $(GID scan-2{\theta})$ and ${\theta}-2{\theta}$ geometry, by rocking curve $(scan-{\omega})$ and pole figures in order to establish correlation between texture and crystallites size and magnetic parameters of exchange biased and interlayer coupling. The variations of shifting and coercivity field of free and pinned layers after annealing in $300^{\circ}C$ correlate with the improvement of ［111］ texture and grains size of $Ni_{80}Fe_{20}$ and $Ir_{25}Mn_{75}$ respectively. The exchange biased and the coercivity fields of the pinned layer linearly increased with increasing grain size of $Ir_{25}Mn_{75}$, The reciprocal proportionality between interlayer coupling and coercivity fields of the free layer and grain size of $Ni_{80}Fe_{20}$ was found. The enhancement of interlayer coupling between pinned and free layers, after annealing treatment, indicates on the correlated in-phase roughness of dipolar interacting interfaces due to increase of crystallites size of $Ni_{80}Fe_{20}$.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.97-101
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• 2017

X-선 회절기(X-ray diffractometer)는 시편에서 회절되는 회절빔을 이용하여 재료의 상 (phase), 집합조직 (texture), 격자상수 (lattice constant), 잔류응력 (residual stress) 등 다양한 재료물성을 분석하는 데 광범위하게 사용되는 장치이다. X-선을 이용한 정량적인 분석은 회절빔의 피크 위치를 바탕으로 수행되는 데, 장시간 X-선 회절기를 사용하게 되면 필연적으로 장치 부품에 미세 변형이 발생하게 되고, 이러한 기계적인 오차가 발생하면 정량적인 분석의 정확도가 떨어지게 된다. 본 연구에서는 미국 표준기술연구소 (National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST)에서 제공된 잔류응력이 없는 Si 파우더를 이용하여 $2{\theta}$를 기준으로 약 30~90도 사이 구간에 대해 X-선 회절 실험을 수행하였고, NIST에서 제공된 회절빔의 피크 위치와의 비교를 통하여 X-선 회절기의 계통오차를 파악하였으며, 이러한 오차 교정이 진격자상수 (true lattice constant) 측정 등 정량적인 분석에 미치는 영향을 확인하기 위하여 잔류응력이 존재하는 180 nm 두께의 텅스텐 박막에 대한 X-선 회절 분석을 수행하였다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.266-272
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• 2001

An instrumental analysis of cooked beef was carried out along with sensory evaluation to find out the effect of Sarcodon aspratus on the physicochemical and sensory characteristics in comparision with kiwi fruit and pear. Transmission electron microscopy showed the muscle fiber started to be degraded when treated with Sarcodon aspratus(1,000unit) for 10 min at $25^{\circ}C$. No distinct sarcomere, A-band, and Z-line was observed when treated with Sarcodon aspratus for 60 min at same condition. The moisture content of cooked beef was increased in proportion to the increment of Sarcodon aspratus, kiwi fruit and pear. In the texture, shear force of cooked beef was decreased with the increment of Sarcodon aspratus, kiwi fruit and pear. In terms of color, L-value was decreased by addition of Sarcodon aspratus, whereas L-value was increased by addition of kiwi fruit and pear in dose-dependent manners. a-value and b-value was decreased with the increment of Sarcodon aspratus, kiwi fruit and pear. There were significant differences (p<0.05) in the sensory characteristics of the samples in which control was most preferred in taste and flavor. As the content of Sarcodon aspratus, kiwi fruit and pear was increased, the score of juiciness and tenderness was increased. In the overall acceptance, score of 0.05~0.1% Sarcodon aspratus and 10% pear was not different from that of control. Therefore, it can be concluded that 0.05~0.1% addition of Sarcodon aspratus might be desirable for the improvement of texture and juiciness of cooked beef.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.387-398
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• 2017

We attempted to develop a seafood menu by applying the most preferred recipes to the most disliked seafood menus in order to improve elementary schoolers' seafood menu preferences and consumption levels. A survey was conducted on the attitudes of 106 fifth graders about nine cooking methods and 37 school seafood menus served in the past 2 years. The deep-frying method was the most preferred by both boys and girls. The next preferred methods by boys were grilling and batter-frying while those by girls were stir-frying and batter-frying. The most disliked menus were cold jellyfish salad, mussel soup, dried-pollack soup, and sea-snail salad in that order. Mussel soup, dried-pollack soup, and seasnails salad ranked as the least preferred menu as well. Finally, standardized recipes for mussel croquette, dried-pollack Gangjeong, and batter-fried seasnails were developed. Consumption ratios of mussel croquette (85.94%), dried-pollack Gangjeong (79.55%), and batter-fried seasnails (75.5%) were significantly improved compared to the original menu (p<0.001). For mussel croquette, satisfaction scores for serving size, appearance, flavor, texture, and taste were significantly higher, and intakes of protein, phosphorus, iron, potassium, vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, niacin, and vitamin C were significantly improved, as compared with mussel soup (p<0.001). Dried-pollack Gangjeong, texture and taste scores were significantly improved compared to dried-pollack soup. For batter-fried seasnails, protein, phosphorus, and iron intake levels and taste score were significantly improved compared to seasnail salad. Findings of the study suggest that a combination of disliked seafood ingredients and preferred recipes may be helpful in improving elementary school foodservice by increasing menu preference and consumption ratio.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.65-74
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• 2009

Device quality indium tin oxide (ITO) films are deposited on glass substrates and ultra-thin diamond-like carbon films are deposited as a buffer layer on ITO by a pulsed Nd:YAG laser at 355 nm and 532 nm wavelength. ITO films deposited at room temperature are largely amorphous although their optical transmittances in the visible range are > 90%. The resistivity of their amorphous ITO films is too high to enable an efficient organic light-emitting device (OLED), in contrast to that deposited by a KrF laser. Substrate heating at $200^{\circ}C$ with laser wavelength of 355 nm, the ITO film resistivity decreases by almost an order of magnitude to $2{\times}10^{-4}\;{\Omega}\;cm$ while its optical transmittance is maintained at > 90%. The thermally induced crystallization of ITO has a preferred <111> directional orientation texture which largely accounts for the lowering of film resistivity. The background gas and deposition distance, that between the ITO target and the glass substrate, influence the thin-film microstructures. The optical and electrical properties are compared to published results using other nanosecond lasers and other fluence, as well as the use of ultra fast lasers. Molecularly doped, single-layer OLEDs of ITO/(PVK+TPD+$Alq_3$)/Al which are fabricated using pulsed-laser deposited ITO samples are compared to those fabricated using the commercial ITO. Effects such as surface texture and roughness of ITO and the insertion of DLC as a buffer layer into ITO/DLC/(PVK+TPD+$Alq_3$)/Al devices are investigated. The effects of DLC-on-ITO on OLED improvement such as better turn-on voltage and brightness are explained by a possible reduction of energy barrier to the hole injection from ITO into the light-emitting layer.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.482-488
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• 2017

The measurement based on reliable standard operating procedures (SOPs) is important for consistent information. The objective of this study is to investigate reliable SOPs of soil physical methods, including core method for bulk density, Yamanaka hardness, and air permeameter method for air permeability. The coefficients of variation in bulk density (core method), Yamanaka hardness, and air permeability were ranged of 1~6%, 8~13%, and 10~84%, respectively. The variation in situ measurement such as bulk density, hardness, and air permeability due to spatial variability at measuring site was larger due to the number of replicates, organic matter content, and soil texture. Nevertheless, air permeability had different values as different number of replicates, and thus, it is thought that more replicates can result in higher reliability. It suggested that investigation of soil physical properties for the target sites should required to consider about soil texture, organic matter content, and number of replications before measurement. In conclusion, core sampling for bulk density measurement in upland soil recommended to perform in 3 repetitions with 2 inch core, and 3 inch core sampling for higher organic matter content.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.225-234
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 산사추출액을 첨가한 양갱을 제조하여 이화학적 제품특성을 분석하였다. 산사추출액 첨가 양갱의 수분함량은 32.0~32.7%로 대조군과 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 산사추출액 첨가량이 증가할수록 양갱의 pH는 6.8~5.1로 낮아지는 경향을 보이고, 산도는 0.1~0.7%로 증가하였다. 양갱의 색도 측정에서 명도(L)와 황색도(b)는 산사추출액 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 감소한 반면에 적색도(a)는 증가하였다. 조직감 측정에서는 산사추출액 함량이 증가함에 따라 대조군에 비해 경도가 최대 14%까지 증가한다. 관능검사에서 맛, 색, 향, 질감 및 전반적인 기호도 평가에서 산사추출액 15%를 첨가한 양갱이 가장 높은 평가결과를 받았다. 이상의 결과를 통하여 우수한 기능성 소재로 각광을 받고 있는 산사추출액을 기능성 양갱 제조 시 첨가량은 앙금 대비 15%가 가장 적당할 것으로 사료되며, 기능성 가공 식품의 제품개발 및 연구에 산사추출액의 활용도를 높여 가공식품 시장에 도입하였으면 한다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.582-587
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• 2015

This study was conducted to compare the plant growth and fruit quality of blueberries grown in different soil textures of Korea, in order to utilize the results for stable production and soil improvement. Rabbiteye blueberry cultivars 'Tifblue' and 'Baldwin' were planted and grown for three years from 2013 in wagner pot (1 $2000a^{-1}$) in a greenhouse of Namhae Sub-station, Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science. The plants were grown in four soil textures, sand, sandy loam, loam and silt loam, and nutrient uptake and growth characteristics of plants were investigated. Leaf nitrogen and phosphorus contents of two cultivars grown in different soil textures ranged between 8.6 to $10.5gkg^{-1}$, which was lower than appropriate level for rabbiteye blueberry. However, the contents of potassium, calcium and magnesium in leaves were appropriate levels as $2.29{\sim}3.62gkg^{-1}$, $4.46{\sim}5.46gkg^{-1}$ and $1.45{\sim}2.12gkg^{-1}$, respectively. Nitrogen and phosphate contents in leaves were higher in the two cultivars grown in silt loam soil. There was no significant difference in plant volume and root dry weight among four soil textures in two cultivars. However, dry weight of leaves and branches were highest in loam soil. Fruit production was highest in loam and silt loam soil in two cultivars, showing negative correlation with the amount of sand in soil. However, sugar and acidity showed no correlation with sand content in soil. These results show the limit to the blueberry growth in soil that has no nutrient holding capacity; however, most of Korean soils that have good nutrient holding capacity can produce competitive fruits if the drainage is improved.

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.189-198
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• 2008

The changes in microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ31 alloy subjected hot-rolling process were investigated. The AZ31 plates fabricated by horizontal continuous casting process were prepared and have hot-rolled from 30 mm to 1 mm in thickness under different processing conditions. At the rolling temperature of $400^{\circ}C$, little surface and side crack was observed up to 20% reduction rate. As total reduction and reduction rate increase to more than 75% and 20% pass, respectively, Grains were more uniformly refined through overall thickness, and particularly lots of shear bands were appeared to be inclined at less than $20^{\circ}C$ along the rolling direction. Average grain size of less than $5{\mu}m$ and tensile properties of YS ${\geq}$ 250 MPa, UTS ${\geq}$ 300 MPa and El. ${\geq}$ 13% were acquired for hot-rolled AZ31 sheets without post-heat treatment. Maximum intensity of (0002) pole figure was decreased with an increase in reduction rate, indicating the improvement of texture by means of high reduction rate.