• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.493-498
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• 2012

Objective: The purpose of this study is to suggest the hierarchical structure with three layers of input task, input interaction, and input device. Background: Understanding the input interaction is very helpful to design an interface design. Method: We made a model of three layered input structure based on empirical approach and applied to a gesture interaction in TV. Result: We categorized the input tasks into six elementary tasks which are select, position, orient, text, and quantify. The five interactions described in this paper could accomplish the full range of input interaction, although the criteria for classification were not consistent. We analyzed the Microsoft kinect with this structure. Conclusion: The input interactions of command, 4 way, cursor, touch, and intelligence are basic interaction structure to understanding input system. Application: It is expected the model can be used to design a new input interaction and user interface.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.41-50
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• 2023

Recently, as the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) prolongs along with the development of artificial intelligence technology, a non-contact society has become commonplace. Many companies are promoting digital transformation and the activation of artificial intelligence introduction to respond to this which leads to dramatic increase of demand for Chatbot. In addition, a Chatbot has reached the point of processing business transactions from responding simple inquiries. However, it is necessary to develop an API to interface with the legacy system and there are many difficulties in connecting. To solve this, it is becoming important to establish a hybrid Chatbot environment through RPA interface. Recently, the combination of RPA and Chatbot is considered an effective tool for handling many business processes. But, there are many difficulties due to the lack of interface cases and the difficulty in finding a method to development them. This study suggests a method for building a hybrid Chatbot which is an interface Chatbot(Conversational UX) and RPA(Task Automation) from the perspective of hyper-automation based on actual development cases and review of literature review is presented, so that the interface method can be understood and develop more easily. Therefore, there are implications for actively using AI Chatbot for digital transformation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2003.04c
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• pp.193-195
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• 2003

The analysis of EEG data is an important task in the domain of Brain Computer Interface (BCI). In general, this task is extremely difficult because EEG data is very noisy and contains many artifacts and consists of mixtures of several brain waves. The P300 component of the evoked potential is a relatively evident signal which has a large positive wave that occurs around 300 msec after a task-relevant stimulus. Thus automatic detection of P300 is useful in BCI. To this end, in this paper we employ a method of reference-based independent component analysis (ICA) which overcomes the ordering ambiguity in the conventional ICA. We show here. that ICA incorporating with prior knowledge is useful in the task of automatic P300 detection.

• Proceedings of the KSPS conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.41-44
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• 2007

In this paper, we introduce a system in which car navigation scenario is plugged multimodal interface based on multimodal middleware. In map-based system, the combination of speech and pen input/output modalities can offer users better expressive power. To be able to achieve multimodal task in car environments, we have chosen SCXML(State Chart XML), a multimodal authoring language of W3C standard, to control modality components as XHTML, VoiceXML and GPS. In Network Manager, GPS signals from navigation software are converted to EMMA meta language, sent to MultiModal Interaction Runtime Framework(MMI). Not only does MMI handles GPS signals and a user's multimodal I/Os but also it combines them with information of device, user preference and reasoned RDF to give the user intelligent or personalized services. The self-simulation test has shown that middleware accomplish a navigational multimodal task over multiple users in car environments.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.74-87
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• 2017

This paper aims to elicit user-defined hand gestures for the small cylindrical displays with flexible displays which has not emerged as a product yet. For this, we first defined the size and functions of a small cylindrical display, and elicited the tasks for operating its functions. Henceforward we implemented the experiment environment which is similar to real cylindrical display usage environment by developing both of a virtual cylindrical display interface and a physical object for operating the virtual cylindrical display. And we showed the results of each task in the virtual cylindrical display to the participants so they could define the hand gestures which are suitable for each task in their opinion. We selected the representative gestures for each task by choosing the gestures of the largest group in each task, and we also calculated agreement scores for each task. Finally we observed mental model of the participants which was applied for eliciting the gestures, based on analyzing the gestures and interview results from the participants.

• IE interfaces
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 2009

In mobile device's user interface, menu organization is very important as well as menu structure because small display of mobile device. Menu items should be organized based on user knowledge structure to design user-centered interface. Traditionally, MDS (Multidimensional Scaling) have been most often used to expose users' perceived organization of menu items. But, information that MDS reveals is just relative spatial location of concepts and not relevant to concepts connection. Unlike MDS, Trajectory Mapping explicitly finds users' cognitive links between perceived concepts. This study proposes a Trajectory Mapping technique for eliciting knowledge structure, especially a set of cognitive pathways linking menu items, from end user. With twelve participants, MDS and Trajectory Mapping were conducted using cellular phone's menu items. And user knowledge structure was analyzed through Visual Concept Map that combination of results of MDS and Trajectory Mapping. After then, menu items were organized according to users' perceived organization. Empirical usability test was also conducted. The results of usability test showed that usability, in terms of task performance time, number of errors, and satisfaction, for newly organized interface was significantly improved compare to original interface. The methodology of this study is expected to be applicable to design a user-centered interface. In other words, Trajectory Mapping technique can be used as a design tool of user interface for imposing user knowledge structure on the interface.

• Proceedings of the KSPS conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.330-333
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• 2007

This paper presents a dialogue interface using the dialogue management system as a method for controlling home appliances in Home Network Services. In order to realize this type of dialogue interface, we annotated 96,000 utterance pair sized dialogue set and developed an example-based dialogue system. This paper introduces the automatic error correction module for the SMS-styled sentence. With this module we increase the accuracy of NLU(Natural Language Understanding) module. Our NLU module shows an accuracy of 86.2%, which is an improvement of 5.25% over than the baseline. The task completeness of the proposed SMS dialogue interface was 82%.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.47-53
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to evaluate performance and subjective satisfaction of mobile phone's interface elements considering the elderly users. First, mobile phone's interface elements were outlined recent foreign and domestic studies. Then, final three mobile phone's interface elements were determined by expert rating, AHP analysis, and questionnaire analysis. Objective and subjective measures were then used to determine the effects of several specific design parameters and aging differences on performance of mobile phones. In this experiment, 38 subjects and 4 independent variables were used to measure task completion time and user's subjective satisfaction. The statistical analyses indicated significant aging differences between older people and younger people in terms of keypad type and bell sound level in performance. Significant aging differences were also found for user subjective satisfaction. It is suggested that some major results from this study be used to develop mobile phone design guidelines that are more usable and accessible for most users, particularly for older users.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.287-293
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• 2020

This study is about comparing and analyzing the representative fintech application service, Toss, and Kakaobank from the user's point of view and suggest development according to the main factors of user experience. The experimental group who have used both mobile application was recruited to do a task about deposit and withdrawal service. After the task, an in-depth interview was conducted by reorganizing the "Creating Pleasurable Interface model" by Stephen P. Anderson. Interview questionnaire is based on propensity and feature of generation 2030. As a result of the experiment, the user showed satisfaction with usability and showed different application usage experience depend on financial transaction propensity and money management. Therefore, the application needs features that could grasp the propensity and also service to manage money in everyday life. Based on this study, it is expected to develop be user-based fintech application service in related fields.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.208-216
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• 2003

ISO 14649 (data model for STEP-NC) is a new interface scheme or language for CAD-CAM-CNC chain under established by ISO TC184 SCI. Up to this point, the new language is mainly made for milling and turning, and other processes such as EDM will be completed in the future. Upon completion, it will be used as the international standard language for e-manufacturing paradigm by replacing the old machine-level language, so called M&G code used since 1950's. With the rich information contents included in the new language, various intelligent functions can be made by the CNC as the CNC knows what-to-make and how-to-make. In particular, On-Machine Inspection required for quality assurance in the machine level, can be done based on the information of feature­based tolerance graph. Previously, On-Machine inspection has been investigated mainly for milling operation, and only a few researches were made for turning operation without addressing the data model. In this thesis, we present a feature-based on-machine inspection process by the 4 Tasks: 1) proposing a new schema for STEP-NC data model, 2) converting the conventional tolerance scheme into that of STEP-NC, 3) modifying the tolerance graph such that the tolerance can be effectively measured by the touch probe on the machine, and 4) generating collision-free tool path for actual measurement. Task 1 is required for the incorporation of the presented method in the ISO 14649, whose current version does not much include the detailed schema for tolerance. Based on the presented schema, the tolerance represented in the conventional drafting can be changed to that of STEP-NC (Task 2). A special emphasis was given to Task 3 to make the represented tolerance accurately measurable by the touch probe on the machine even if the part setup is changed. Finally, Task 4 is converting the result of Task into the motion of touch probe. The developed schema and algorithms were illustrated by several examples including that of ISO 14649 Part 12.