• Title/Summary/Keyword: tCS

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Low System Complexity Bit-Parallel Architecture for Computing $AB^2+C$ in a Class of Finite Fields $GF(2^m)$ (시스템 복잡도를 개선한 $GF(2^m)$ 상의 병렬 $AB^2+C$ 연산기 설계)

  • 변기령;김흥수
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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    • v.40 no.6
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    • pp.24-30
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    • 2003
  • This study focuses on the arithmetical methodology and hardware implementation of low system-complexity A $B^2$+C operator over GF(2$^{m}$ ) using the irreducible AOP of degree m. The proposed parallel-in parallel-out operator is composed of CS, PP, and MS modules, each can be established using the array structure of AND and XOR gates. The proposed multiplier is composed of (m+1)$^2$ 2-input AND gates and (m+1)(m+2) 2-input XOR gates. And the minimum propagation delay is $T_{A}$ +(1+$\ulcorner$lo $g_2$$^{m}$ $\lrcorner$) $T_{x}$ . Comparison result of the related A $B^2$+C operators of GF(2$^{m}$ ) are shown by table, It reveals that our operator involve more lower circuit complexity and shorter propagation delay then the others. Moreover, the interconnections of the out operators is very simple, regular, and therefore well-suited for VLSI implementation.

A double-blockchain architecture for secure storage and transaction on the Internet of Things networks

  • Aldriwish, Khalid
    • International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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    • v.21 no.6
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    • pp.119-126
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    • 2021
  • The Internet of Things (IoT) applications are quickly spread in many fields. Blockchain methods (BC), defined as a distributed sharing mechanism, offer excellent support for IoT evolution. The BC provides a secure way for communication between IoT devices. However, the IoT environments are threatened by hacker attacks and malicious intrusions. The IoT applications security are faced with three challenges: intrusions and attacks detection, secure communication, and compressed storage information. This paper proposed a system based on double-blockchain to improve the communication transactions' safety and enhance the information compression method for the stored data. Information security is enhanced by using an Ellipse Curve Cryptography (ECC) considered in a double-blockchain case. The data compression is ensured by the Compressed Sensing (CS) method. The conducted experimentation reveals that the proposed method is more accurate in security and storage performance than previous related works.

Chemical Composition and Fermentation Characteristics of the Corn Silage During Feedout at Yonchon of Gyeonggi-do (연천지역에 있어서 옥수수 사일리지의 개봉 후 경과기간에 따른 시료성분 및 발효품질)

  • Sung Kyung Il;Kim Gon Sik;Lee June Woo;Kim Byung Wan;Kim Sang Rok
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.43-50
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    • 2005
  • The purpose of this study is to discuss the ways to consistently feed high quality corn silage(CS). This study evaluated the effect of the corn silage, after a certain time has elapsed, on the chemical composition and fermentation characteristics after feedout during the winter feeding period of the CS. Six samples of CS from four dairy farms(E1, E2, E3, and L1 ) were taken in order to feed the milking cows over a winter feeding Period from November of 2002 until February of the following year, 2003(six samples were taken at the fellowing dates in the following order: sample one was taken on the 23rd Nov. 2002, sample two on the 5th of Dec. 2002, 3rd sample on the 23rd of Dec. 2002, 4th sample on the 7th of Jan. 2003, 5th sample on the 22nd of Jan. 2003, and the 6th sampling was carried out on the 6th of Feb. 2003) at the three sampling sites after the opening of the trench silos at intervals of 15 days. In the dry matter contents of CS, there wasn't any specific tendency according to the elapsed time in the range of 21.3~$27.3\%$ at all low dairy farm(E1, E2, E3, and L1). And the average dry matter contents were 24.1, 25.9, 23.6, and $20.4\%$. Considering the Proper amount of the dry matter of CS during the ripen yellow stage, the appropriate moisture content was $33\%$ (NRC, 1989), and these dry matter contents were all low. A consistent tendency was not found in the contents of CS. The average of CP contents were 10.2, 8.0, 8.5, and $9.8\%$ at the E1, E2, E3, and L1 farms, and there were significant differences. The TDN contents of CS were not different among forms according to the time elapsed. The pH, according to the time elapsed after opening of the CS, there were no differences at each of E1, E2, E3, md L1 farms. Average pH were 3.5, 3.9, 3.6, and 4.1, md all of them were in normal range. In the lactic acid contents of CS, a consistent tendency was not found among four farms. But according to the time elapsed. there was a goat difference from 1.13~$7.8\%$ The acetate, propionate, and butyrate contents of CS were very low. In this study, there was no significant difference in the CS's chemical composition and fermentation characteristics according to the elapsed time at all four dairy farms. Considering the proper dry matter contents of CS during the ripen yellow stage, the appropriate dry matter content was $33\%$, and dry matter contents of few farms were all low. To enhance the quality of corn silage should be ensiled com at proper dry matter content range from 28 to $35\%$ Therefore, content of the corn plant should be always be closely monitored prior to beginning harvest.

Quorum Based Algorithms using Group Choice

  • Park, Jae-Hyrk;Kim, Kwangjo;Yoshifumi Manabe
    • Proceedings of the Korea Institutes of Information Security and Cryptology Conference
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    • 2002.11a
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    • pp.53-56
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    • 2002
  • This paper discusses the quorum based algorithm for group mutual exclusion defined by Yuh-Jzer Joung. Group mutual exclusion[4,5,6] is a generalization of mutual exclusion that allows a resource to be shared by processes of the same group, but requites processes of different groups to use the resource in a mutually exclusive style. Joung proposed a quorum system, which he referred to as the surficial quorum system for group mutual exclusion and two modifications of Maekawa's algorithm[6]. He mentioned that when a process may belong to more than one group, the process must identify one of the groups it belongs when it wishes to enter CS(Critical Section). However, his solution didn't provide mechanism of identifying a group which maximizes the possibility to enter CS. In this paper, we provide a mechanism for identifying that each process belongs to which group.

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Coping Strategies, Compassion Fatigue and Compassion Satisfaction among Nurses in Emergency Room (응급실 간호사의 대처방식과 공감피로, 공감만족)

  • Jang, Yang Min;Kim, Souk Young
    • Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.348-358
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    • 2014
  • Purpose: This was a descriptive correlation study to identify emergency room (ER) nurses' coping types and factors affecting compassion satisfaction (CS) and compassion fatigue. Methods: During March and April 2013, 170 questionnaires were distributed to ER nurses working in general hospitals in D and C regions. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, correlation analysis, and stepwise regression analysis. Results: Compassion fatigue was most strongly affected by emotional expression for burnout and by practical support pursuit for secondary traumatic stress. Positive coping, emotional expression, position, positive reinterpretation, and self-blame explained 42% of CS. Conclusion: Results indicate that nurses with moderate levels of career had high compassion fatigue and low compassion satisfaction. Thus these nurses need to be given an opportunity to achieve self-development and improve their ability as nurses; interventions that can reinforce positive coping strategies should be provided as personal coping strategies affect compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction.

Mitochondrial DNA Analysis in Fusants of Ganoderma lucidum and Lentinus edodes (영지버섯과 표고버섯 원형질 융합체의 미토콘드리아 DNA 검색)

  • 최은주;정영자;이영재;김병각;현진원
    • Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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    • v.22 no.3
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    • pp.199-204
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    • 2002
  • It has been known that Ganoderma lucidum and Lentinus edodes have anticancer activity and immune enhancing activity. These two mushrooms were grown in liquid culture and harvested. From these mycelia, DNA was isolated and EtBr-CsCl density gradient ultracentrifugation was performed to purify it further. Then mitochondrial DNA was isolated by bisbenzimide-CsCl density ultracentrifugaton. Mitochondrial DNA of Ganoderma lucidum was digested by restriction enzymes, EcoR I, Hind Ⅲ, and Pst I, then electrophoresed. It showed 12, 22, 4 fragments. Mitochondrial DNA of Lentinus edodes was digested by EcoR I. Electric pattern showed 6 fragments. 4 fragments had appeared by Pst 1 digested mitochondrial DNA. Hind ill couldn't digest mitochondrial DNA of Lentinus edodes. Mitochondrial DNA of fusants was isolated to compare to those of parents. The results showed that fusant P₂S₄has new, recombined mitochondrial DNA. But P₂S₄had the same DNA that Ganoderma lucidum had.

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Circular Plasmid DNA from a Red Algae, Porphyra tenera (양식 참김(Porphyra tenera)에서 분리한 Circular Plasmid DNA)

  • 류태형;최학선;최경희;이춘환
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.27 no.6
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    • pp.1160-1165
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    • 1998
  • When total cellular DNA was isolated from Porphyra tenera by ultracentrifugation on Hoechst dye/CsCl gradients method, plasmid like DNA's were concentrated at the upper band which were characterized with a A+T rich organelle DNA's in the CsCl gradients. Based on their electrophoretic migration in different concentration of agarose gel, buffer system, and electric power etc. and the results of restriction digestion, the plasmid like DNA's were concluded to have circular conformation. This is the first report of putative circular plasmid DNA from the P. tenera, which is a autonomously replicating plasmid existing with a high copy number plasmid in the cell. The minimum size of this plasmid estimated by restriction endonuclease digestion was appeared to be 2.5kb in size.

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An efficient multi-objective cuckoo search algorithm for design optimization

  • Kaveh, A.;Bakhshpoori, T.
    • Advances in Computational Design
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    • v.1 no.1
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    • pp.87-103
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    • 2016
  • This paper adopts and investigates the non-dominated sorting approach for extending the single-objective Cuckoo Search (CS) into a multi-objective framework. The proposed approach uses an archive composed of primary and secondary population to select and keep the non-dominated solutions at each generation instead of pairwise analogy used in the original Multi-objective Cuckoo Search (MOCS). Our simulations show that such a low computational complexity approach can enrich CS to incorporate multi-objective needs instead of considering multiple eggs for cuckoos used in the original MOCS. The proposed MOCS is tested on a set of multi-objective optimization problems and two well-studied engineering design optimization problems. Compared to MOCS and some other available multi-objective algorithms such as NSGA-II, our approach is found to be competitive while benefiting simplicity. Moreover, the proposed approach is simpler and is capable of finding a wide spread of solutions with good coverage and convergence to true Pareto optimal fronts.

A study of Beauty Make-up Using Computer Graphics (뷰티 메이크업을 위한 컴퓨터 그래픽스 활용에 관한 연구)

  • Kwon, Hyun-Ah
    • Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.214-224
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    • 2006
  • Computer graphics mean a reproduction of various information through image processing or the technology that is widely thought in makeup areas also, recently. Especially, Adobe Illustrator, unlike Adobe Photoshop used in image editing and correction, is software suitable for image drawing and reproducing beauty makeup. Beauty makeup is a work adorning human body to fit to the aesthetic standard in that period, and is a plastic art expressing shapes, colors and textures using design elements. Adobe Illustrator is a 2D graphics designing images using shapes having plane colors. In this study I studied techniques reproducing each element of contours and colors of beauty makeup through Adobe Illustrator CS. In other words, I have prepared a reference data by studying techniques reproducing beauty makeup using Adobe Illustrator CS. In this study, though, I couldn't try various things, because I limited facial contour and skin color to only one kind. Therefore, I hope, in the future, others can expand the ethnics of using Adobe Illustrator in more enriched ways by working on various facial contours and skin colors.

지능망(IN) 기술 표준화 동향

  • 정만상
    • TTA Journal
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    • s.66
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    • pp.48-65
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    • 1999
  • 본 고는 전기통신망에서 유연한 서비스 제공 구조인 지능망 기술의 표준화 동향을 분석한다. 먼저 지능망 기술 개념과 지능망 관련 국제/지역 표준화 관련 기관을 살펴보고, ITU-T SG11을 중심으로 한 지능망 국제 표준화 결과인 IN CS-1,2,3의 주요 내용을 요약 정리한다. 그리고 최근의 지능망 표준화의 주요 이슈인 지능망에서의 인터넷 지원을 위한 지능망-인터넷 연동 표준화 동향과 IMT-2000에서의 지능망 표준화 동향을 전망하기 위하여 현재 진행 중인 IN CS-4 표준화 동향을 분석한다. 향후 무선멀티미디어 서비스 제공 기반인 IMT-2000에서의 지능망 표준화 동향을 전망하기 위하여 유럽과 북미의 지역 표준화 기구에서 추진 중인 무선 지능망 기술 규격인 CAMEL과 WIN의 표준화 동향도 분석한다. 끝으로 국내 지능망 표준화 현황을 정리하고 향후 국제 표준화 추세 등을 고려한 국내 표준화 추진 전략을 제안해 본다.

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