• 동국한의학연구소논문집
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.163-176
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• 1997

호도(胡桃)는 보양약(補陽藥)으로써 하초(下焦)를 온보(溫補)하고 원기(元氣)를 섭납(攝納)하며 윤폐신(潤肺腎)하는 효능(效能)이 있어 오래된 허한해수(虛寒咳嗽), 천식(喘息)의 치료(治療)에 사용되어 왔는데 폐(肺) 조직내(組織內)에서 산소유리기(酸素遊離基)들에 의(依)한 세포(細胞) 손상(損傷)의 방지(防止)여부를 알아보기 위(爲)하여 산화제(酸化劑)인 t-butylhydroperoxide(t-BHP)와 $H_2O_2$로써 세포(細胞) 손상(損傷)을 유발한 후 호도(胡挑) 추출액(抽出液)의 항산화(抗酸化) 효과(效果) 및 항산화(抗酸化) 효소(酵素)의 활성(活性)에 미치는 영향(影響)와 산소유리기(酸素遊離基)에 대(對)한 직접 소거효과(消去效果)를 조사(調査)하였다. 이 결과 호도(胡桃)는 폐(肺) 조직(組織)에서 지질(脂質)의 과산화(過酸化)를 억제(抑制)함으로 oxidant에 의(依)한 폐부종(肺浮腫) 유발(誘發)을 방지(防止)할 수 있음을 보여주었고 세포내(細胞內) glutathione의 농도(濃度) 및 항산화(抗酸化) 효소(酵素) 중(中) catalase와 superoxide dismutase의 활성(活性)에는 변화(變化)를 유발하지 못하였으나 glutathione peroxidase의 활성(活性)을 유의(有意)하게 증가(增加)시켰으며, superoxide radical과 hydroxyl radical의 생성(生成)을 감소(減少)시켰다. 따라서, 폐(肺) 조직(組織)에서 산화성(酸化性) 세포(細胞) 손상(損傷)에 대(對)한 호도(胡桃)의 보호(保護) 효과(效果)는 부분적으로 세포내(細胞內) 항산화(抗酸化) 효소(酵素)의 활성(活性) 증가(增加)와 산소유리기(酸素遊離基)들을 직접 소거(消去)시키는 작용(作用)에 기인(起因)하는 것으로 사료된다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.143-150
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• 2007

Although animal and epidemiological studies have suggested oxidative stress as an etiological factor in pathogenesis including cancer, inflammation, sepsis, fibrosis, cardiovascularlneurodegenerative diseases and aging-related disorders, conflicting results have been obtained in clinical trial with antioxidants. The reason for this discrepancy remains unknown but may be due, in part, to the lack of a validated assay system for evaluating antioxidant capacity. The antioxidant activity of a series of sugar alcohols against peroxyl radicals, hydroxyl radicals and peroxynitrites was determined by the total oxy-radical scavenging capacity (TOSC) assay and cell-based assay using H4IIE cells. Specific TOSC values calculated from the slope of the linear regression for erythritol, xylitol, sorbitol or mannitol against peroxyl radicals was $2.1{\pm}0.2,\;3.7{\pm}0.3,\;9.1{\pm}0.3$ or $8.7{\pm}1.1$ TOSC/mM, respectively. Specific TOSC values for erythritol, xylitol, sorbitol or mannitol against peroxynitrite was $1.9{\pm}0.3,\;3.9{\pm}0.4,\;7.8{\pm}0.7$ or $7.7{\pm}0.5$ TOSC/mM, respectively. These results suggest that oxy-radical scavenging capacity is dependent on the number of aliphatic hydroxyl group in sugar alcohols of monosaccharide. Tert-butylhydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced cell toxicity determined by MTT assay was marginally attenuated by 10 mM erythritol, but completely inhibited by 10 mM xylitol, 2 mM sorbitol or 0.75 mM maltitol, a disaccharide alcohol. Oxidative stress markers, such as glutathione (GSH) and malondial-dehyde (MDA) levels, were measured in t-BHP-treated cells using HPLC equipped with a fluorescence detector and a reverse phase column. Erythritol did not change the levels of GSH and MDA in H411E cells treated with t-BHP. The t-BHP-induced changes in cellular GSH and MDA levels were ameliorated by 10 mM xylitol and completely blocked by 10 mM sorbitol and maltitol. These results indicate that sugar alcohols protect cells against oxidative stress via scavenging oxy-radical and suggest that TOSC assay in conjunction with cell-based assay is a valid method for evaluating antioxidant capacity of natural and synthetic chemicals.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.71-80
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• 2021

Objectives : This study investigated cellular-protective effects of Nardotidis seu Sulculii Concha water extract (NSCE) against oxidative stress induced by arachidonic acid (AA)+iron or tert-butylhydroperoxide (tBHP). Methods : In vitro, MTT assay was assessed for cell viability, and immunoblotting analysis was performed to detect expression of AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway and autophagy related proteins. In vivo, mice were orally administrated with the aqueous extract of NSCE of 500 mg/kg for 3 days, and then injected with CCl₄ 0.5 mg/kg body weight to induce acute damage. The level of liver damage was measured by serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) analysis. Results : Treatment with NSCE inhibited cell death induced by AA+iron and tBHP. NSCE induced the phosphorylation of AMPK, and this compound also induced the phosphorylation of LKB1, an upstream kinase of AMPK, and Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), a primary downstream target of AMPK. NSCE increased the protein levels of autophagic markers (LC3II and beclin-1) and decreased the phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and simultaneously increased the phosphorylation of unc-51-like kinase-1 (ULK-1) in time-dependent manner. Conclusions : NSCE has the ability 1) to protect cells against oxidative stress induced by AA+iron or tBHP. NSCE 2) to activate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and 3) to regulate autophagy, an important regulator in cell survival.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.392-399
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• 2007

Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. (SBGE) is known to be antioxidant effect. In addition of the effects, we further investigated the SBGE on the antioxidant effect on a renal cortical slices cell and kidney protecting effects. The results were as follows. 1 When renal cortical slices separated from a rabbit's kidney were treated with 1mM tert-Butylhydroperoxide (t-BHP) in the presence of SBGE. SBGE significant prevented t-BHP induced increase in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and lipid peroxidation. 2. When renal cortical slices separated from a rabbit's kidney were treated with oxidant $300{\mu}M$ cisplatin in the presence of SBGE. SBGE significant prevented cisplatin-induced increase in LDH release and lipid peroxidation. 3. Pretreatment with 0.1g/kg SBGE for seven day and treatment with 5 mg/kg cisplatin by the intraperitoneal injection The results were that the pretreatment group with SBGE showed a significant decrease in lipid peroxidation, increase in clearance rate of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine in the kidney than the administering single agent group of cisplatin. and pretreatment group with SBGE showed intact microvillus of proximal tubule and no contraction of rumen, it was a similar result with normal group. With the results SBGE showed to be highly effective on antioxidant effect and cellular protection activity against cisplatin that was a toxic agent on a kidney. Therefore, SBGE is considered to have protective effective on a disordered kidney or kidney diseases such as nephritis or renal failure that cause tissue damages in a kidney.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.106-111
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 호두박 분획층의 항산화 활성을 검색하기 위해 MeOH, $CH_2Cl_2$, EtOAc, BuOH 그리고 $H_2O$ 분획으로 추출하여 수행하였고, 각 분획층의 산화적 세포손상과 지질 과산화의 방지 효과를 in vitro에서 확인하였다. 그 결과 호두박의 free radical (DPP보 radical) 소거 활성은 EtOAc층에서 가장높게 나타났고, 활성산소종 억제율과 peroxynitrite $(ONOO^-)$ 소거 활성은 $CH_2Cl_2$층을 제외한 모든 분획층에서 높게 나타났다. 신피질 절편에 t-BHP의 처리 시 LDH의 방출과 지질과 산화를 증가시켰고 이러한 변화는 호두의 MeOH, EtOAc, n-BuOH 분획에 의해서 완전하게 방지되었다. 이러한 결과는 호두 추출물이 t-BHP에 의한 신장 세포 손상에 효과적이고 이러한 효과는 항산화력에 의한 것으로 추측된다. 또한 이러한 결과는 호두 추출물에서 많은 질병의 원인이 되고 있는 산화적 스트레스를 방지할 수 있는 효과적인 약물 개발의 가능성을 시사한다