• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.227-231
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• 2000

Small seed size is one of the major traits of soybean cultivars for sprouts with regard to high sprout yield. This study was conducted to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for seed size and weight in a set of F 6 seeds of 89 lines derived from a cross between 'Pureunkong', a soybean cultivar developed for sprouts and 'Jinpumkong 2', a soybean cultivar with no beany taste in seed due to the lack of lipoxygenases. The genetic map of 25 linkage groups with a total of 98 markers including RFLP, RAPD, SSR and classical markers was constructed from this F/sbu 5/-derived population and was used for QTL analysis. 'Pureunkong' was significantly smaller (P＜0.01) than 'Jinpumkong 2' in seed size and seed weight. Genetic variation was detected and transgressive segregation was common in the population for these traits. Seven DNA markers including opT14-1600 in LG A2, opF02-400 in LG B2, Satt100, opC09-700, opG04-730 and opQll-650 in LG C2, and opY07-1100 ＆ 1000 in LG(unknown) were significantly associated and accounted for 4.7 to 10.9% and 5.1 to 10.1 % of the phenotypic variation in seed size and seed weight, respectively. 'Pureunkong' alleles increased seed size and seed weight at the all four significant marker loci on the LG C2. These marker loci in LG C2 were closely linked and were presumed to be a single QTL. Overall, at least three independent QTLs from 3 linkage groups (A2, B2, and C2) were putatively involved in the control of seed size and seed weight.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.33-36
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• 2012

A total of 423 blood samples were collected (during 2009 and 2010) from all the ram holdings at three major Jordanian governmental Awassi breeding stations (Al-Khanasry, Al- Mushairfa and Al-Fjaje) and two private flocks. All blood samples were screened for the presence of mutations at the CNGA3 gene (responsible for day blindness in Awassi sheep) using RFLP-PCR. The day blindness mutation was detected in all studied flocks. The overall allele and genotype frequencies of all studied flocks of the day blindness mutation were 0.088 and 17.49%, respectively. The genotype and allele frequencies were higher in station flocks than the farmer flocks (0.121, 24.15 and 0.012, 2.32, respectively). Al-Mushairfa and Al-Khanasry stations have the highest genotype and allele frequencies for the day blindness mutation that were 27.77, 30.00% and 0.14, 0.171, respectively. The investigated farmer flocks have low percentages (0.03, 5.88% at Al-Shoubak and 0.005 and 1.05%, at Al-Karak, respectively for genotype and allele frequencies) compared with the breeding stations. Ram culling strategy was applied throughout the genotyping period in order to gradually eradicate this newly identified day blindness mutation from Jordanian Breeding station, since they annually distribute a high percentage of improved rams to farmer's flocks.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.29-46
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• 2005

Purpose ; 본 연구는 X-염색체와 관련된 장애 중에서 가장 흔하고 심한 Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy(DMD)의 세포유전학 및 분자유전학적 특성을 설명하기 위해서 DMD에 영향을 받고 있는 두 가계의 13명을 대상으로 가계도 분석과 염색체 분석 및 DNA 분석을 하였다. Method ; DNA분석은 DNA probe을 이용한 Southern blotting method로써 RFLPs와 DMD유전자 부위의 exon소실 유무를 조사하여 아래와 같은 결과를 얻었다. Conclusion ; A 염색체 분석 : 말초혈액과 양수를 표본으로 High-Resolution GTG염색에서 A가계와 B가계의 염색체 분석에서 12명의 염색체는 정상 X-염색체였으나 B가계의 I-2(DMD여성)에서 46, x,-x,+t(2:x)(q 21.1 : p21.2)로 나타난다. B. DNA분석3 : 1) RFLPs의 분석 J66,XJ-1.1,754-11로써 B가계의 RELPs(Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms)에서 J66/Pst I은 1.7hb(E), 1.6kb(e)을 보여 주었고 XJ-1.1/Taq I은 3.6kb(F), 3.0kb(f), 754-11/EoR I은 4.2kb(G), 2.0kb(g)의 대립인자를 나타내었다. 이상의 결과를 바탕으로 영향을 받고 있는 남자 (II-2)의 haplotype는 보인자인 어머니의 한쪽 인자를 받았으며 어머니와 딸은 보인자이고 임산부의 태아는 남아였고 태아의 인자들은 그의 할아버지로부터 물려받아 DMD에 영향을 받지 않은 것으로 진단되었다. 2) DMD 유전자의 exon 소실에 대한 분석 cDNA probe 8과 cDNA probe 2b-3으로써 소실에 대한 진단은 영향을 받은 남자(II-2)는 cDNA probe 8에서 12, 7.3, 6.6, 4.2kb에 소실이 있고 cDNA 2b-3은 1.7kb에 소실에 나타났다.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 2019

Background: Cnidium officinale Makino and Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. are important medicinal crops in Korea. However, there is insufficient information on the identification of thrips, which attack these plants. Until now, one species of thrips has been recorded as a main pest. Methods and Results: To identify the thrips emerging in C. officinale Makino and L. chuanxiong Hort., these plants were independently cultivated in two local areas. Thirty individuals of each plant species were selected randomly and surveyed for the presence of thrips. After confirming the existence of thrips, 100 thrips individuals were collected from each crop using the beating method. To identify thrips species, we performed PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)-based analysis using ITS2 primer sets. Six thrips species were identified: western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis), flower thrips (F. intonsa), onion thrips (Thrips tabaci), chrysanthemum thrips (T. nigropilosus), chilli thrips (Scirtothrips dorsalis), and grass thrips (Anaphothrips obscurus). The proportion of these species differed between the host plant species. Conclusions: Six thrips species were major pests of two medicinal crops. Integrated pest management is required to control these thrips species, and will enhance the yield and quality of C. officinale and L. chuanxiong.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.815-821
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• 2016

Background: Development of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) involves formation of double strand breaks (DSBs) which are initially sensed by the ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) signal kinase to induce a DNA damage response (DDR). Mutations or single nucleotide polymorphisms in ATM gene are known to influence the signaling capacity resulting in susceptibility to certain genetic diseases such as cancers. Materials and Methods: In the present study, we have analyzed -5144A>T (rs228589) and C4138T (rs3092856) polymorphisms of theATM gene through polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in 925 subjects (476 CML cases and 449 controls). Results: The A allele of -5144A>T polymorphism and T allele of C4138T polymorphism which were known to be influencing ATM signaling capacity are significantly associated with enhanced risk for CML independently and also in combination (evident from the haplotype and diplotype analyses). Significant elevation in the frequencies of both the risk alleles among high risk groups under European Treatment and Outcome Study (EUTOS) score suggests the possible role of these polymorphisms in predicting the prognosis of CML patients. Conclusions: This study provides the first evidence of association of functional ATM gene polymorphisms with the increased risk of CML development as well as progression.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.3559-3563
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• 2015

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relative contribution of CYP1A2 isoforms (-3860 G/A, -2467T/delT and -163C/A) in control subjects and breast cancer patients to the metabolism of caffeine in human liver. Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of PCR-amplified Fragments (PCR-RFLP) was used for the genotyping of CYP1A2 SNPs and HPLC allowed the phenotyping through the measurement of CYP1A2 activity using the 17X + 13X + 37X/137X urinary metabolite ratio (CMR) and plasma caffeine half life (T1/2). The CYP1A2 -3860A genotype was associated with a decreased risk of breast cancer. In contrast, distributions of the CYP1A2 -2467T/delT or -2467delT/delT and -163A/C or A/A genotypes among breast cancer patients and controls were similar. When the genotype and phenotype relationship was measured by comparing the mean CMR ratios and caffeine half life within the genotype groups between subjects and breast cancer patients, there were no significant differences except for -3860 A, most of them being homozygous for the -3860 G/G SNP and had a significant higher mean CMR ratio and half life than those with -3860 G/A (P=0.02). The results of this preliminary study show a significant association between CP1A2 -3860 G variant and CYP1A2 phenotype which must be confirmed by further large-size case-control studies.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.2199-2206
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• 2012

Background: Our objective was to evaluate the MTHFR C677T-A1298C polymorphisms in patients with breast cancer and in individuals with no history of cancer, to compare the levels of genetic damage and apoptosis under folic acid (FA) deficiency between patients and controls, and to assess associations with breast cancer. Methods: Genetic damage was marked by micronucleated binucleated cells (MNBN) and apoptosis was estimated by cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay (CBMN). PCR-RFLP molecular analysis was carried out. Results: The results showed significant associations between the MTHFR 677TT or the combined MTHFR C677T-A1298C and breast cancer risk (OR = 2.51, CI = 0.85 to 7.37, p = 0.08; OR = 4.11, CI = 0.78 to 21.8, p < 0.001). The MNBN from the combined MTHFR C677T-A1298C was higher and the apoptosis was lower than that of the single variants (p < 0.05). At 15 to 60 nmol/L FA, the MNBN in cases with the TTAC genotype was higher than controls (p < 0.05), whereas no significant difference in apoptosis was found between the cases and controls after excluding the genetic background. Conclusions: Associations between the combined MTHFR C677T-A1298C polymorphism and breast cancer are possible from this study. A dose of 120 nmol/L FA could enhance apoptosis in cases with MTHFR C677T-A1298C. Breast cancer individuals with the TTAC genotype may be more sensitive to the genotoxic effects of FA deficiency than controls.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.1701-1707
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• 2005

This study deals with the characterization of porcine PIK3C3 and association tests with quantitative traits. PIK3C3 belongs to the class 3 PI3Ks that participate in the regulation of hepatic glucose output, glycogen synthase, and antilipolysis in typical insulin target cells such as those in the such as liver, muscle system, and fat. On the analysis of full-length mRNA sequence, the length of the PIK3C3 CDS was recorded as 2,664 bps. As well, nucleotide and amino acid identities between human and pig subjects were 92% and 99%, respectively. Five SNPs were detected over 5 exons. We performed genotyping by using a SNP C2604T on exon24 for 145 F$_2$ animals (from a cross between Korean native boars and Landrace sows) by PCR-RFLP analysis with Hpy8I used to investigate the relationship between growth and fat depot traits. In the total association analysis, which doesn' consider transmission disequilibrium, the SNP showed a significant effect (p<0.05) on body weight and carcass fat at 30 weeks of age as well as a highly significant effect (p<0.01) on back fat. In an additional sib-pair analysis, C allele still showed positive and significant effects (p<0.05) on back fat thickness and carcass fat. Moreover, the effects of C allele on the means of within-family components for carcass fat and back fat were estimated as 2.76 kg and 5.07 mm, respectively. As a result, the SNP of porcine PIK3C3 discovered in this study could be utilized as a possible genetic marker for the selection of pigs that possess low levels of back fat and carcass fat at the slaughter weight.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.324-328
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• 2006

Carbonic anhydrase III (CA3) is a member of a multigene family that encode carbonic anhydrase isozymes. In this study, a complete coding sequence of the pig CA3 gene which encodes a 260 amino-acid protein was determined. The amino acid comparison showed high sequence similarities with previously identified human (86.5%) CA3 gene and mouse (91.5%) Car3 gene. The partial genomic DNA sequences were also investigated. The length of intron 1 was 727 bp. Comparative sequencing of three pig breeds revealed that there was a T${\rightarrow}$C substitution at position 363 within intron 1. The substitution was situated within a NcoI recognition site and was developed as a PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) marker for further use in population variation investigations and association analysis. Two alleles (A and B) were identified, and 617 bp fragments were observed for the AA genotype and 236 bp and 381 bp fragments for the BB genotype. The polymorphism of CA3 was detected in 8 pig breeds. Allele B was predominant in the Western pig breeds. In addition, association studies of the CA3 polymorphism with carcass traits in 140 $Yorkshire{\times}Meishan$ $F_2$ offspring showed that the NcoI PCR- RFLP genotype may be associated with variation in several carcass traits of interest for pig breeding. Allele B was associated with increases in lean meat percentage, loin eye height and loin eye area. Statistically significant association with backfat thickness was also found; pigs with the AB genotype had much less backfat thickness than AA or BB genotypes.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.712-721
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• 1997

The objectives of this study were; (1) to identify and localize QTLs for resistance to soybean cyst nematode(SCN) race 5 on RAPD map, (2) to idntify the magnitude and mode of inheritance for each QTL, and (3) to identify the best combinations of QTLs for resistance to SCN race 5. Based on the univariate regression analysis, we detected 26 markers(22 RAPD and 4 RFLP) which showed significant association(P<0.05) with resistance to SCN race 5. From MAPMAKER /QTL analysis, we identified two regions (LGC-20 and Group 2) for resistance to SCN race 5. The QTL that was localized at 8.0 cM from pK418C on LGC-20 showed a recessive mode of inheritance and the QTL that was localized between W03 and E02$^3$ on Group 2 showed a dominant mode of inheritance. Two pairs of flanking markers (E02$^3$ and W03, pK418C and pK418E$_1$) and one unlinked RAPD marker, G10$^1$ were used for multiple regression analysis. Marker combination which was composed of 4 markers, E02$^3$, G10$^1$, W03, and pK418E$_1$, explained the highest amount of phenotypic variation by SCN (35.2％). Further research for the identification of QTLs for resistance to SCN race 5 to explain larger portion of phenotypic variation is needed.