• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.2 s.64
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• pp.207-216
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• 2006

Even though the notion exists that wall paper has got a short durability for interior decoration in terms of paper's nature, it can be the most important element among the modern dosing wall papering because of the variation of the walls visual effect. Wall paper hasn't been preserved well according to the paper's character and official records haven't been done well. So, by studying a case in which a room is maintained well, seeing various commercial samples which were used for an advertisement and reading several booklets it is possible to study historical evidence. In regard to wall paper and Papering. data, the commercial historic nature of the traditional wall papering has been recognized again in order to study the root of the technical and commercial background. In theory, the historic background research of traditional wall paper in the past is said to have established its theoretical system and the development of modern wall papering in the middle of Britain in 18th century. Through the theoretical study of wall papering, the following things have been researched: handling don the method of the traditional wall papering and lining paper, stylization of pattern by using the method of continual linking, subdivision of commercial cost and specialization of wallpaper, handing down the past traditional adhesion method, the origin of string wallpaper, utility of traditional wallpaper and its various abilities, the change from the face to face linking to duplicated linking, the development of DIY products by women's wallpaper selections. Put against other materials, wallpaper remains the most popular and preferable product for managing a wall and provides a decorative, wall dosing technique. This study can estimate the source of wallpapering history in order to create a systemic approach towards the future's wallpaper industry. This is very important data in order to establish a theoretical system of traditional wallpapering according to its historical research about wallpapering skills and its commercial aspect.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.432-437
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• 2004

Background : Solitary fibrous tumors of the pleura (SFTP) is one of rare neoplasms that originated from submesothelial mesenchyme. Clinical course or extent of surgical resection is not well known. Material and Method: We retrospectively reviewed all the clinical records of the patients who had undergone surgical resection of benign and malignant SFTP, Result: Twenty two (male female 14 : 8) patients were enrolled and mean age was 50.2(range 25∼83). Number of symptomatic patients at the time of diagnosis was 13 (59%) and the most common symptom was dyspnea. Operative approach was carried out through thoracotomy (n=14) or video-assisted thoracic surgery (n=8). Mass excision was performed in 12 cases and en bloc resection including adjacent structure in 10 cases. In all cases complete resection was performed. There was no operative mortality. Malignant SFTP were 11 cases and benign SFTP 11 cases. Local recurrences (n=2) or distant metastasis (n=6) occurred only in malignant SFTP. Conclusion: Number of symptomatic patients, on bloc resection, and recurrence was more in malignant SFTP. Although complete surgical resection is known as treatment of choice for SFTP, further study should be performed about systemic therapeutic modalities pre- or postoperatively to control recurrence and metastasis.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.5227-5237
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• 2011

Technology roadmap is a powerful tool that considers relationships of technology, product and market and referred as a supporting technology strategy and planning. There are numerous studies that have attempted to develop technology roadmap and case studies on specific technology areas. However, a number of studies have been dependant on brainstorming and discussion of expert group, delphi technique as qualitative analysis rather than systemic and quantitative analysis. To overcome the limitation, patent analysis considered as quite quantitative analysis is employed in this paper. Therefore, this paper proposes new technology roadmapping based on patent citation network considering technology life cycle and suggests planning for undeveloped technology but considered as promising. At first, patent data and citation information are collected and patent citation network is developed on the basis of collected patent information. Secondly, we investigate a stage of technology in the life cycle by considering patent application year and the technology life cycle, and duration of technology development is estimated. In addition, subsequent technologies are grouped as nodes of a super-level technology to show the evolution of the technology for the period. Finally, a technology roadmap is drawn by linking these technology nodes in a technology layer and estimating the duration of development time. Based on technology roadmap, technology planning is conducted to identify undeveloped technology through text mining and this paper suggests characteristics of technology that needs to be developed in the future. In order to illustrate the process of the proposed approach, technology for hydrogen storage is selected in this paper.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.9
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• pp.239-250
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• 2021

This study has been conducted to identify the theoretical understanding of cultural competence by systematically reviewing national and international quantitative studies on 'nurses' and 'nursing students' cultural competence dimensions. A literature search was conducted over approximately three months from June to August 2020, targeting academic journals and dissertations published from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2019. Literature extraction was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines, and 67 papers from a total of 1,175 were selected for the systematic literature review. As a result, the most commonly measured component was cultural perception, other dimensions included cultural knowledge, cultural skills, cultural sensitivity, cultural encounter, cultural attitude, cultural behavior, cultural longings and cultural receptivity, cultural experience, cultural security, cultural ethics, cultural beliefs, cultural practice, motivation and curiosity, cultural emotions and empathy. Therefore, in order to improve the cultural competency of nurses and nursing students, it is necessary to seek consensus and a multifaceted approach that is essential in each society based on various components.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.72-82
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• 2021

Purpose: A high anion gap (AG) is known to be a significant risk factor for serious acid-base imbalances and death in acute poisoning cases. The strong ion difference (SID), or strong ion gap (SIG), has recently been used to predict in-hospital mortality or acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome. This study presents a comprehensive acid-base analysis in order to identify the predictive value of the SIG for disease severity in severe poisoning. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on acute poisoning patients treated in the emergency intensive care unit (ICU) between December 2015 and November 2020. Initial serum electrolytes, base deficit (BD), AG, SIG, and laboratory parameters were concurrently measured upon hospital arrival and were subsequently used along with Stewart's approach to acid-base analysis to predict AKI development and in-hospital death. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and logistic regression analysis were used as statistical tests. Results: Overall, 343 patients who were treated in the intensive care unit were enrolled. The initial levels of lactate, AG, and BD were significantly higher in the AKI group (n=62). Both effective SID [SIDe] (20.3 vs. 26.4 mEq/L, p<0.001) and SIG (20.2 vs. 16.5 mEq/L, p<0.001) were significantly higher in the AKI group; however, the AUC of serum SIDe was 0.842 (95% confidence interval [CI]=0.799-0.879). Serum SIDe had a higher predictive capacity for AKI than initial creatinine (AUC=0.796, 95% CI=0.749-0.837), BD (AUC=0.761, 95% CI=0.712-0.805), and AG (AUC=0.660, 95% CI=0.607-0.711). Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that diabetes, lactic acidosis, high SIG, and low SIDe were significant risk factors for in-hospital mortality. Conclusion: Initial SIDe and SIG were identified as useful predictors of AKI and in-hospital mortality in intoxicated patients who were critically ill. Further research is necessary to evaluate the physiological nature of the toxicant or unmeasured anions in such patients.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.39-53
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• 2021

Objective : The purpose of this study was to systematically review dysphagia rehabilitation treatment for children with feeding disorders. Methods : The articles evaluated in this study were collected from the PubMed, Medline Complete, and CINAHL databases and subsequently reviewed using the PRISMA flow chart and PICOS approach. A total of 13 papers were analyzed for study quality, disease groups, evaluation tools, interventions, and post-intervention effects. Results : Of the reviewed papers, six (46.15%) related to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and seven (53.85%) to cerebral palsy (CP) with age ranges of between 2 and 8 years for the ASD studies and between 12 months and 18 years for CP. In evaluating the types of feeding disorder involved, the ASD group exhibited predominantly behavioral conditions while the CP subjects had a larger number of functional oral and swallowing issues. In terms of interventions, behavior modifications were used most frequently with ASD while oral-sensory motor, texture modifications, and electrical stimulation were applied at the same frequency with children with CP. All interventions were found to be effective. Conclusion : In this study, research into children with feeding disorders was reviewed according to condition, evaluation tool, and method of intervention. It is expected that this review can be used as basic data for developing a protocol that will allow clinicians to efficiently apply condition-specific interventions for eating disorders without resorting to trial and error.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.57-104
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• 2022

The government has supported the innovation of private firms by intervening the market for various purposes, such as preventing market failure, alleviating information asymmetry, and allocating resources efficiently. Although the government's R&D budget increased rapidly in the 2000s, it is not clear whether the government intervention has made desirable impact on the market. To address this, the current study attempts to explore this issue by doing a systematic literature review on foreign and domestic papers in an integrated way. In total, 168 studies are analyzed using contents analysis approach and various lens, such as policy additionality, policy tools, firm size, unit of analysis, data and method, are adopted for analysis. Overlapping policy target, time lag between government intervention and policy effects, non-linearity of financial supports, interference between different polices, and out-dated R&D tax incentive system are reported as factors hampering the effect of the government intervention. Many policy prescriptions, such as program evaluation indices reflecting behavioral additionality, an introduction of policy mix and evidence-based policy using machine learning, are suggested to improve these hurdles.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.6A
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• pp.965-976
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• 2006

A realistic lifetime seismic-reliability based approach is unavoidable to perform Life-Cycle Cost (LCC)-effective optimum design, maintenance, and retrofitting of structures against seismic risk. So far, though a number of researchers have proposed the LCC-based seismic design and retrofitting methodologies, most researchers have only focused on the methodological point. Accordingly, in most works, they have not been quantitatively considered critical factors such as the effects of seismic retrofit, maintenance, and environmental stressors on lifetime seismic reliability assessment of deteriorating structures. Thus, in this study, a systemic lifetime seismic reliability analysis methodology is proposed and a program HPYER-DRAIN2DX-DS is developed to perform the desired lifetime seismic reliability analysis. To demonstrate the applicability of the program, it is applied to an example bridge with or without seismic retrofit and maintenance strategies. From the numerical investigation, it may be positively stated that HYPER-DRAIN2DX-DS can be utilized as a useful numerical tool for LCC-effective optimum seismic design, maintenance, and retrofitting of bridges.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.113 no.2
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• pp.239-258
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• 2024

In the face of complex crises such as a shrinking society, regional imbalance, and climate change, there is a need to seek sustainable development in local communities. In the forest sector, attempts are being made to link forest resources with local industries. However, the current support system, which is centered on the central government, has limitations in achieving sustainable forest management. On the other hand, the international community is actively promoting a shift in systems by introducing the concept of local forestry, which emphasizes local initiatives to achieve sustainable forest management. However, in the Republic of Korea, the concept of local forestry is still unclear, which hinders the promotion of a paradigm shift. In this paper, we applied the Delphi technique to conduct three surveys of 29 academics, administrators, and field experts in the Republic of Korea. The aim was to define the concept of local forestry that is suitable for domestic conditions and identify institutional measures to establish and revitalize it. The results showed that local forestry can be defined as a broad concept that is both consultative and systemic in nature and that an institutional approach that supports actors and their activities is necessary to revitalize local forestry.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.749-755
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• 1998

Background: Twelve patients with acyanotic tetralogy of Fallot(TOF), characterized by the combination of a malaligned ventricular septal defect(VSD) and infundibular pulmonic stenosis with the clinical finding of acyanosis at rest, underwent surgical correction between January 1988 and July 1997. Materials and methods: 9.92% of patients with the diagnosis of TOF were acyanotic TOF in the same period. Ages ranged from 12 to 42 months(mean 25.2 months). 2D-echocardiographic studies, cardiac catheterization, and angiocardiograms were performed in all patients before operation. The preoperative mean systemic arterial oxygen saturation was 93.5%. According to the 2D-echocardiographic analysis, there was Lt-to-Rt shunt through VSD in 4 patients, bidirectional shunt in 2 patients, and no shunt in 6 patients. Results: The preoperative mean right ventricle to pulmonary artery(RV-PA) pressure gradients were 52.3 mmHg on 2D- echocardiogram and 48.4 mmHg on cardiac catheterization. The repair of ventricular septal defect was performed through a right atrial approach and the hypertrophic infundibular muscle bundles were resected by the transatrial and transpulmonary approach. Six patients(50%) received a transannular patch. The mean cardiopulmonary bypass time was 135.0 minutes, and the aortic crossclamp time was 87.8 minutes. Postoperative complications included bleeding necessitating reentry in one and chylothorax in one. No patient died after operation and there were no late deaths. Postoperative 2D-echocardiograms revealed tiny patch dehiscence in 5 cases and a moderate RV-PA pressure gradients(mean 15.3 mmHg). All patients were in New York Heart Association functional class 1 after operation. Conclusions: acyanotic TOF is the uncommon form of TOF, and acyanotic TOF can be repaired with a good outcome.