• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.1136-1141
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• 2003

Due to the lack of digitally usable standards, it has been known to be difficult to handle the biological data. For example, the name of genes and proteins changes over time or has several synonyms indicating different entities. To cope with these problems, several communities, including the Gene Ontology Consortium and PubGene are making their efforts to move science toward the semantic web vision. Although some progress has been made, its expressivity is not sufficient for full-fledged ontological modeling and reasoning. This paper suggests a methodology for representing and extracting biological knowledge by using Web Ontology Language (OWL) as an extension of Resource Description Framework Schema (RDFS). Some benefits of our approach are: (1) to ensure extended sharing of biological meta data on the Web, and (2) to enrich additional expressivity and the semantics of RDFS+OWL.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.455-467
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• 2016

This paper presents the constituent-based approach for aligning bilingual multiword expressions, such as noun phrases, by considering the relationship not only between source expressions and their target translation equivalents but also between the expressions and constituents of the target equivalents. We only considered the compositional preferences of multiword expressions and not their idiomatic usages because our multiword identification method focuses on their collocational or compositional preferences. In our experimental results, the constituent-based approach showed much better performances than the general method for extracting bilingual multiword expressions. For our future work, we will examine the scoring method of the constituent-based approach in regards to having the best performance. Moreover, we will extend target entries in the evaluation dictionaries by considering their synonyms.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.233-240
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• 1991

The morphology and ecology of the marine hypotrichous ciliate, Oxytricha saltans (Cohn, 1866) Kahl, 1932 collected from shrimp culturing pond of Qingdao (Tsingtao, 36$^{\circ}$08'N : 120$^{\circ}$43'E) , P.R. China were investigated. collected samples were observed directly and we also observed cultured ones and stained specimens. In relation to this species were described the morphology and infraciliature in detail using protargol method, presented a new diagnosis and discussed some synonyms and the related species, Actinotricha saltans sensu Dragesco, 1963.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.360-368
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• 1992

Recorded mushrooms in Chju-do, Korea are composed of 1 division, 2 subdivisions, 4 classes, 3 subclasses, 14 orders, 41 families, 96 genera and 186 species. Because of dual recording of synonyms of 5 genera and 16 species, the numbers of genera and species in the list are 101 and 202 respectively.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.5 no.6
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• pp.539-545
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• 2004

For question answering system that extracts an answer and output to user‘s natural language question, a process of question type classification from user’s natural language query is very important. This paper proposes a question and answer type classifier using the interrogatives and word semantic categories instead of complicated classifying rules and huge dictionaries. Synonyms and postfix information are also used for question type classification. Experiments show that the semantic categories are helpful for question type classifying without interrogatives.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2007.10c
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• pp.29-34
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• 2007

월드와이드웹에서의 정보를 재사용, 공유할 수 있도록 기준을 제시한 XML은 많은 곳에서 사용 중에 있으며, 널리 확산되고 있다. 사용자 정의태그를 이용한 XML의 특징은, 같은 도메인의 문서라도 사랑의 인식이 아닌 컴퓨터와 같은 기계적으로는 다르게 인식될 수 있다는 문제점을 드러내기도 한다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제점을 해결하고자 시소러스와 온톨로지 등을 이용해 XML 문서간 유사도를 측정하는 방법을 제시하며 이를 바탕으로 제작한 프로그램인 #XML Similarity Calculation# 를 이용하여 제시한 방법이 타당하다는 것을 증명하게 된다. 또한 주어진 예시자료를 가지고 이 프로그램의 성능평가를 통해 정확성과 효율성을 평가하고 앞으로의 연구방향을 제시한다.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.290-298
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• 1997

Eight species of Depressariidae, , are reported for the first time from Korea. Depressria niphospyrphos Meyrick and D. basicosta Matsumura are newly synonymized with D. taciturna Meyrick. Agonopterix sapporensis (Matsumura) and A. ochroephala Saito are also synonymized with A. angeliocella(Hubner) respectively, and A. iharai Fujisawa with A. ocellana (Fabricius).

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.84-98
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• 1996

We think that we know what alopecia is. But in detail, we have nothing of alopecia areata. Many kinds of alopecia make us be confused. So, I studied the history ( name, cause, treatment etc,) of alopecia areata through the oriental and occidental medical books. As a result, the investigation of alopecia areata was led to the next conclusions 1. Synonyms of alopecia areata are Bandok(斑禿), Docbal(禿髮), Guyjidu(귀지두), Guychedu(鬼剃頭), Gyobalsun(咬髮癬). 2. Generally, the cause of alopecia areata is classified into three groups. Those are hyeolheopungjo(血虛風燥), Chichehyeoleo(氣滯血瘀), Gansinbujoc(肝腎不足). 3. The important internal uses of alopecia areata are Sineungyangjin-Dan(神應養眞丹), Soyosan plus Tonggyuhwalhyeoltang(逍遙散合通竅活血湯), Chilbomiyuom-Dan(七寶美髥丹) etc. 4. The important external uses of alopecia areata are haeaetang(海艾湯), Suncheukbackyeop(鮮側柏葉), Old ginger(老薑), Leaf of mulberry tree(桑葉) etc. 5. The kinds of Acupunture therapy are Maehwachim(梅花針), Chilsungchim(七星針), Ear acupunture(耳針) etc.

• Mycobiology
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.248-251
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• 2013

Ganoderma is a cosmopolitan wood-rot basidiomycete that has been extensively studied for its pathogencity and medicinal properties. Identification of Ganoderma based on macro-microscopic features led to large number of synonyms which resulted in 250 taxonomic names. A Ganoderma species collected from Courtallam, Tamil Nadu was identified as G. cupreum. Phylogenetic analysis inferred from internal transcribed spacer rDNA region resolved the Indian isolate MYC1 as Ganoderma cupreum which clustered with Australian and Asian "cupreum" clade with 85% bootstrap support BS and shared 99% and 98% nucleotide similarity with Malaysian and Australian 'cupreum' respectively. This study represents the first molecular evidence of G. cupreum from Asian origin.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.98 no.5
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• pp.524-530
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• 2009

We scrutinized the Korean taxonomic literature, with special focus on some nomenclatural points and four different cases were listed categorically. Several naked names (nomen nudum), invalidly published names, typographical and orthographical errors, incorrect use of hybrid names and authorship, and errors in the citation of the bibliographic references have appeared in newly published literature in Korea, due to misapplications of ICBN (International Code of Botanical Nomenclature). Although literature review and synonyms are imperative and essential elements of taxonomic study, many author citations tend to be copied from one publication to another without any confirmation of the original source. It is strongly recommended that scientists who have previously published careless work should be more careful, and they should be instructed to read original descriptions and to learn current practices in the code.