• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.271-276
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• 1986

Amphotericin B and rifampin or 5-fluorocytosine were tested for synergism against Candida albicans in a synthetic mdium. The test was based on viability studies in which fungicidal activity was determined during the incubation hours of drug exposure. Concentration of amphotericin B(0.2ug per ml and 0.4ug per ml) in combination with inactive concentration of rifampin(12.5ug per ml) or 5-fluorocytosine(25ug per ml) resulted in rapid decrease of colony froming unit(CFU). On the basis of these and earlier studies, it is concluded that amphotericin Band rifampin or 5-fluorocytosine are synergistic against various yeasts and yeast-like fungi under widely differing experimental conditions.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.71-76
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• 2001

Methanol extract and solvent fractions of Aster scaber Thunb. were tested to elucidate antioxidative characteristics in vitro. Methanol extract showed strong inhibition on linoleic acid autoxidation and conjugated diene production. Hexane and diethyl ether fractions showed stronger chelating effect on $10^{-4}M\;FeCl_3$ than the other fractions. Butanol fraction had the strongest capacity on $10^{-3}M\;CuSO_4$ similar to ${\alpha}$-tocopherol. Synergistic effect of butanol fraction with histidine, methionine, and lysine on linoleic acid autoxidation had been observed. Contents of total phenol, vitamin E, vitamin C, and carotenoid were evaluated. From the results, Aster scaber Thunb. could be expected to play a role as an antioxidant in vivo.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.73-81
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• 1988

Combinations of EDTA-Tris and gentamicin, oxytetracycline in normal bovine milk were examined for synergistic activities aganist Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Corynebacterium Pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Salmonella dublin, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and proteus spp. isolated from the milk of acute clinical bovine mastitis. The results were summarized as follows: 1. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of EDTA-Tris and gentamicin, oxytetracycline on Escherichia coli, Salmonella dublin, proteus spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus agalactiae were markedly reduced. 2. The significant synergistic effects observed when the microorganisms were reacted with EDTA-Tris and gentamicin, oxytetracycline. These findings were respectively verified by kinetic studies of microbial death, using one-fourth minimal inhibitory concentrations of EDTA-Tris, gentamicin, and oxytetracycline.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.143-146
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• 1990

Yellowish and oily crude gingerol extract was obtained from ginger(Zingiber officinale rose)by ether, ether and hexane extraction. The major component was identified by TLC analysis to be gingerol. The crude gingerol extract thus obtained was found to have antioxidant activity. The crude gingerol extract showed a synergistic antioxidant activity when combined with citric acid. The maximum synergistic effect was observed at 0.04% citric acid. The activity of the antioxidants used was found to increase in the order of BHT, crude gingerol plus 0.04% citric acid, crude gingerol, BHA and tocopherols.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.722-730
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• 1994

The effects of antioxidant and carbon black on weatherability of crosslinked polythylene(XLPE) for electrical insulation were investigated. 16 compositions were prepared in other to determine the weathering resistance. Samples were exposed in xenon-arc lamp Weather-Ometer for 500, 1000, 1500, 2000 hours respectively. Tensile strength, elongation at break, dielectric strength and tan ${\delta}$ were measured to evaluate the weatherability of XLPE. The results indicated that the effect of carbon black was more prominent than antioxidant and synergistic effect, was observed when two additives were mixed.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.23 no.1 s.97
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• pp.19-24
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• 2007

This study investigated the antioxidant and synergistic effects and nitrite scavenging ability of some phenolic compounds(catechin, rutin, quercetin and naringin), The electron donating abilities of naringin, quercetin, rutin and catechin were 6.7%, 92.8%, 87.6% and 92.21%, respectively, The antioxidant activities in O/W emulsion substrates were in order of rutin > quercetin > catechin > naringin. The antioxidant effect of rutin was stranger than that of BHT or ${\alpha}$-tocopherol. ${\alpha}$-tocopherol showed synergistic effect with catechin and quercetin, but ascorbic acid not showed effect. The nitrite scavenging abilities of catechin, quercetin, rutin and naringin were 99.9%, 98.6%, 25.5% and 0.2%, respectively. The nitrite scavenging abilities of quercetin and actechin were very potent as compared with those of BHT and ascorbic acid.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.30 no.10
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• pp.2294-2298
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• 2009

In present work an attempt was made to synthesize various analogues of levofloxacin by introducing new functionality at carboxylic group position via nucleophilic substitution reaction. For this purpose the carboxylic group at C-6 was esterified and later subjected to nucleophilic attack at the carbonyl carbon by various aromatic amines. Structure of the analogues was confirmed by different techniques i.e. IR, $^1H$ NMR and mass spectrometry. The antibacterial activity of the derivatives was also assessed and compared with the parent against a series of Gram-positive and Gramnegative bacteria. A synergistic as well as antagonistic behavior was observed in these derivatives. Additionally unlike levofloxacin, the derivatives were also found to modulate oxidative burst response of phagocytes exhibiting moderate to significant inhibitory activity.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.752-758
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• 2015

The anti-diabetic effect of Cirsium setidens water extract and the combinations with Bletilla striata, Cymbidium kanran, and Sparganium stoloniferum Buch.-Ham. ethanolic extracts had been studied. The combination of four extracts (3:1:1:1) showed larger anti-diabetic activity in vitro and in vivo. It is notable that the single water extract from C. setidens exhibited more effective anti-diabetic effect than most of the combinations. We also investigated whether fermentation process was promoted the anti-diabetic activity. The data suggested the fermentation product of combination of four extracts (3:1:1:1) exhibited the strongest activity both in vitro and in vivo, which was higher than the non-fermented group. The result indicated the fermentation and the appropriate combination of extracts enhanced the anti-diabetes activity.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.185-189
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• 1994

The eight combined products composed of ranitidine.HCI, tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate and sucralfate were prepared with various ratios and studied in therapeutic effects of them on various gastrointestinal diseases. These were induced in rats with the porous ligation, ethanol-HCI, acetic acid and cysteamine method, etc. In all experimental setting, the effect of the combined treating was more pronounced than the effect of each drug alone. Specially, the combined treatment consisted of ranitidine : tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate sucralfate ratio of 1.5 : 2 : 6 showed the most powerful therapeutic effect on acute gastric ulcer model and revealed a significant acceleration of the healing on chronic gastroduodenal ulcer model. And that, therapeutic doses of ranitidine, tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate arid sucralfate given in combination had an additive or, in some case, synergistic effect. From the above results, this combined treatment may useful to heal the gastrointestinal diseases that aren't cured well by treatment of each them alone.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.61 no.2
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• pp.16.1-16.6
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• 2021

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most common pathogenic species associated with canine otitis externa (OE). Their resilience is achieved by forming a biofilm, which allows these bacteria to evade even the harshest of treatments. This study evaluated the in vitro synergistic efficacy of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) with different antimicrobial agents against P. aeruginosa isolated from dogs with OE to develop an effective treatment against P. aeruginosa. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the minimum inhibitory concentration test using the microdilution method. The efficacy of antibiofilm formation was evaluated using a crystal violet stain method. The treatment solutions included NAC alone, and in synergy with enrofloxacin, polymyxin B, and gentamicin. NAC alone exhibited antimicrobial and antibiofilm abilities. On the other hand, the combination of NAC and the antibiotics did not show any significant synergistic effects against P. aeruginosa.