• Korean Architects
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• s.516
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• pp.12-12
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• 2012

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.25-25
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• 2000

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.12-16
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• 1999

Xenorhabdus nematophilus sp., an insect-pathogenic bacterium, was newly isolated from Korean entomopathogenic nematode of Steinernema carpocapsae, which can be used as a useful bioinsecticide. Primary and secondary form variants of Xenorhabdus nematophilus were observed when cultured in vitro. Primary form variants adsorbed bromothymol blue, while secondary form did not. However, many other characters of two variants were very similar. The variants were all rod-shaped and cell size was highly variable ranging from 0.5 by 2.0 ${\mu}$m to 1.0 by 5.0 ${\mu}$m. Both produced highly toxic substances and killed the insect larva within 20∼38 hr, indicating that insect pathogenicity of Xenorhabdus is not directly associated with its phase variation. In addition, cell-free culture supernatant of Xenorhabdus was sufficient to kill the insect larva by injecting it ito insect hemolymph; however, cell-harboring culture broth was more effective for killing the insect. The use of Xenorhabdus nematophilus may provide a potential alternative to Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.258-266
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• 2014

This paper proposes a management system for the educational program of production managers on the basis of value co-creation by the learner and the instructor. The program combines an intelligent knowledge-based approach with the kaizen activity program. The program helps individuals acquire knowledge and skills to ensure the total rather than the partial optimization of processes and operations facilitating continuous improvement in the workplace. To achieve these goals, the program uses models of a learning process and a swing of enlightenment. In addition, the program is supported by a framework of academic, business people, consultants, and government officers. The program was developed using an instructional design approach. This paper discusses the process of developing and managing the educational program between 2006 and 2012 as well as the results obtained.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.90.2-90.2
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• 2015

We present the high-resolution spectrum of the S-type symbiotic star V455 Sco obtained with the Dupont telescope in 2014 June. We note that the Raman-scattered O VI ${\lambda}1032$ at $6825{\AA}$ exhibits a triple-peak profile. Adopting an accretion disk model with an additional contribution from a collimated bipolar outflow, we attempt to fit the profile. We propose that the blue and central peaks are formed via Raman-scattering of O VI line photons from the accretion flow and that the bipolar flow is responsible for the remaining red peak. It is also noted that V455 Sco exhibits the Raman-scattered He II features blueward of $H{\alpha}$ and $H{\beta}$.

• BMB Reports
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.443-451
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• 2002

Malonate is a three-carbon dicarboxylic acid. It is well known as a competitive inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase. It occurs naturally in biological systems, such as legumes and developing rat brains, which indicates that it may play an important role in symbiotic nitrogen metabolism and brain development. Recently, enzymes that are related to malonate metabolism were discovered and characterized. The genes that encode the enzymes were isolated, and the regulation of their expression was also studied. The mutant bacteria, in which the malonate-metabolizing gene was deleted, lost its primary function, symbiosis, between Rhizobium leguminosarium bv trifolii and clover. This suggests that malonate metabolism is essential in symbiotic nitrogen metabolism, at least in clover nodules. In addition to these, the genes matB and matC have been successfully used for generation of the industrial strain of Streptomyces for the production of antibiotics.

• ALGAE
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 2004

Farmed kelp gametophytes were previously observed to be living endophytically in filamentous red algae. The interactions of two farmed kelp species and six red algae were examined in laboratory culture. Undaria pinnatifida (Harvey) Suringar and Laminaria religiosa Miyabe demonstrated the differing abilities of zoospores to become endophytic in four host red algae and neither kelp became endophytic in two non-filamentous red algae. There was a strong seasonal component regarding infectiousness that is associated with the changes in fron erosion in U. pinnatifida from April to June. At the same time, L. religiosa showed no significant changes in frond erosion, and there were no apparent changes in infection levels in the two species they were able infect. This study indicated clear differences between two keip species with regard to their symbiotic relationship to red algae in terms of host specificity and preference of kelp gametophytes.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.319-322
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• 2014

Two specimens of pontoniine shrimp, Periclimenes brevicarpalis (Schenkel, 1902), having a symbiotic relationship with sea anemones are reported for the first time in Korea. The specimens were collected by SCUBA diving in Jejudo Island. It has a transparent body with a few large white spots on the carapace, abdomen, telson and uropods. Blue bands are on the cheliped and pereiopods. Five brown eyespots with orange centers are on the telson and uropods. The morphology is described and illustrated with a color image of the living specimens. Two species of Korean Periclimenes, P. ornatus, and P. brevicarpalis, can be distinguished by the position of the anterior dorsolateral spine of the telson. This study extends its previously known range from Japan to Korea. Korean pontoniine now includes six species belonging to five genera of Conchodytes, Cuapetes, Onycocaris, Periclimenaeus, and Periclimenes.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2011

This paper presents a new method that can solve the integrated problem of combined location routing and inventory problem (CLRIP) efficiently. The CLRIP is used to establish facilities from several candidate depots, to find the optimal set of vehicle routes, and to determine the inventory policy in order to minimize the total system cost. We propose a mathematical model for the CLRIP with budget constrained. Because this model is a nonpolynomial (NP) problem, we propose a endosymbiotic evolutionary algorithm (EEA) which is a kind of symbiotic evolutionary algorithm (SEA). The heuristic method is used to obtaining the initial solutions for the EEA. The experimental results show that EEA perform very well compared to the existing heuristic methods with considering inventory control decisions.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.143-147
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• 1991

The root nodules and Glycine max were classified as determinate nodule based on their morphological characteristics, and isolated endosymbiont as a Bradyrhizobium based on its growth rate and single subpolar flagellum. The isolate was similar to B. japonicum USDA110 in utilization of carbon source, growth at 38.deg.C and 2% NaCl, production of $H_{2}$S and especially in the restriction endonuclease digestion pattern of symbiotic genes, allowing them to be placed in sTI group together. The former, however, grew better than the later in broad pH range from 5.0 to 9.5. Infectivity and effectivity of the isolate were confirmed by inoculation of soybean seedlings with the isolates. Characteristics of the reisolated endosymbiont from induced root nodules were identical to those of the first isolate. From these results, it was confirmed that Bradyrhizobium strain isolated from the root nodules of Glycine max was a real symbiont, and was named B. japonicum SNU001.