• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.184-187
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• 1999

Increase in fat mobilization by capsaicin(CAP) was investigated in high-fat-fed mice using an adjustable current water pool. Male ICR 7-wk-old mice were fed a high fat diet [50% total energy content in the diet(E%) fat, 20 E% protein, 30E% carbohydrate] for 2 wk and one group (HCAP) was orally administered CAP at 2 h before swimming. After being accustomed to swimming , the mice were subjected to forced swimming every 2d in the current water pol and the total swimming period until exhaustion was measured . The total swimming period was used as index of swimming capacity. Swimming time to exhaustion of treated mice was significantly longer than that of the high-fat-fed control group (100.2$\pm$10.6 vs. 58.0$\pm$8.5min, P<0.01) after 2wk of training. The concentration of serum-free fatty scids gradually increased up to 2 h in CAP -administered mice. The perirenal adipose tissue weight of CAP -administered mice (HCAP) before swimming was lower than that of the high-fat-fed mice adminstered placebo solution (HP) which had not ingested CAP during the 2 wk. These results suggest that the increase of swimming capacity of CAP-administered high-fat-fed mice was due to an increase of fat mobilization that was induced by CAP.

• 한국항해학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.127-135
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• 1996

This study investigated the correlation of physique factor( standing height, body weight, chest girth, body surface ) and vital capacity upon records of swimming discipline at sea water. The subjects are 194 sophomore students of Korea Maritime University who participated in the swimming discipline. The swimming records were divided into three groups - higher, middle and lower group. The results from this investigation are as follow ; 1. The standing height was above the average on the A, B+ record, body weight was above on the A+, A record, and vital capacity was above on the A+, A, B+, C record respectively. 2. The standing height, body weight, chest girth, body surface, vital capacity was significantly correlated between record P < 0.05 and P < 0.01. Therefore the higher record group has better physique factor and vital capacity than the middle or lower record group. 3. The standing higher of the higher record group was significantly correlated with body weight(0.514), body surface(0.768) and vital capacity(0.427), and body weight was significantly correlated with chest girth(0.525), body surface(0.940) and vital capacity. This standing heiht of the middle record group was sigificantly correlated with body weight(0.509) and body surface(0.779), and body weight was significantly orrelated with chest grith(0.618) and body surface(0.927). The standing height of the lower record group was significantly correlated with body weight(0.595), chest grith(0.363), body surface(0.802) and vital capacity(0.250), and body weight was significantly correlated with chest grith(0.678) and body surface(0.952).

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.156-162
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• 2004

This study aimed to know the effects of three marine training items, swimming, rowing and yachting on pulse, lung capacity and weight. The experiment subjects were composed of ten each item and were tested for six days. The experiment groups were strictly controlled in eating time, food amount, sleeping time and training intensity. The level of training intensity was 70~80% of maximal pulse rate. In the training intensity of each item the speed was decided after examination in advance, and the trainees kept the speed during training. The contents of training were made up through enough examination. The conclusions were as follows. 1. The effect on pulse in average value showed the decrease of 1.80round/min swimming, 1.51round/min rowing, and 0.11round/min yachting, but it was not admitted as significant difference. And in average value, swimming showed the decrease of 0.26round/m than rowing and 1.69round/m than yachting. 2. The effect on lung capacity showed the increase of 66.66cc swimming, 42.97cc rowing, and 4.22cc yachting, but there was no significant difference. And the average value of swimming showed the increase of 23.66cc than rowing, and 62.44cc than yachting. 3. The effect on weight showed decrease of 3.45g in swimming, 3.24g in rowing, and 2.07g in yachting. Swimming and rowing proved to have significant difference (p<.05). And in average value, swimming showed the decrease of 1.175g than rowing, and 1.38g than yachting. On the whole, in all experiment items, pulse, lung capacity and weight, the change was in the order of swimming, rowing and yachting after experiments.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.902-905
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• 2001

The effect of exo-polymer from Ganoderma lucidum on the swimming endurance capacity of mice was investigated. The administration of the exo-polymer (100 mg/kg body weight) increased the swimming endurance capacity of mice by about 10 min and reduced the muscle and liver glycogen exhaustion by $18.5\%\;and\;67.2\%$, respectively. A substantial decrease in serum lactate accumulation ($50.7\%$) was also achieved under the influence of the exo-polymer. The exo-polymer was determined to be a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 780 kDa and found to contain $82.8\%$ carbohydrate and $17.2\%$ protein.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.648-655
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• 2005

본 연구는 식품소재로의 이용 가능한 천연물을 이용하여 두 종류의 자양강장용 식품(formula A와 formula B)을 배합하고 복합물의 효능을 평가하였다. 실험 결과, EC군에 비하여 EFA군과 EFB군의 강제 수영능력시간이 각각 평균 42%와 38% 증가되는 유의적으로 높은 수영능력을 보였으며(p<0,05), 90분간 수영을 한 군(90-min subgroups)에서 EC군에 비하여 EFA군 및 EFB군의 혈청 유리지방산과 중성지방의 농도가 유의적으로 낮았고(p<0.05), EFB군의 혈청 암모니아의 농도가 EC군에 비하여 유의하게 낮은 수치를 보였다(p<0.05). 또한, EFB군의 근육 글리코겐 농도가 EC군에 비하여 높은 경향을 보였으나, 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 보이지 않았다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 보아 본 연구에서 선정한 복합물 2종은 실험동물의 체내 중성지방으로부터 유리지방산으로의 전환을 촉진하여 단백질과 포도당을 절약하고, 에너지 생성 및 공급 효율 증가, 운동으로 야기되는 체조직 손상 억제 그리고 피로물질 축적 지연 등의 효과를 가져와 강제수영능력을 증가시킨 것으로 생각된다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.275-277
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• 2009

Swimming enhancing effects of ssanghwatang fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisae in mice were investigated, and then the blood biochemical parameters related to fatigue were measured. Compared to the control group, the swimming time was significantly increased in fermented ssanghwatang (FST) group from day 4 ($29.27{\pm}4.73$ vs. $50.27{\pm}9.05\;min$, p<0.05). The lactate level, an important indicator of fatigue, was drastically lower in FST group than in control group ($2.13{\pm}0.13$ vs. $1.40{\pm}0.12\;mmole/L$, p<0.01). These results suggest that FST possesses stimulatory effects which can enhance exercise performance and reduce fatigue.

• Journal of Sport and Applied Science
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for developing an educational program that can be practically applied in the field of survival swimming education. Research design, data, and methodology: This study reviewed prior literature including governmental reports, journal articles related to survival swimming programs at home and abroad. Based on the basic data collected through literature, domestic and foreign educational institutions and national educational programs were cataloged and analyzed. Results: The study found that among the goals of swimming education, the prevention of water accidents and the cultivation of water safety skills along with improving swimming ability are very important educational goals. Currently, domestic survival swimming education programs are divided into classes and training sessions, so it is necessary to develop an educational program according to each individual's swimming ability and a unified and systematic program through education for each level of survival swimming learners. Conclusions: It is thought that the reinforcement of the leader's capacity for quality improvement will have a positive effect for the development of survival swimming. Further implications were discussed.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.289-296
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• 2017

This study aimed to analyze the deck floor heating system of an outdoor swimming pool in terms of the thermal capacity/output and the surface temperature distribution based on the outdoor temperature, to design for anti-freezing during winter. Through the transient heat transfer simulation with PHYSIBEL and theoretical equations, the surface temperature distribution of the floor heating system at two outdoor conditions in Jeju, were calculated and evaluated. The results indicate that the specific thermal output required for maintaining $4^{\circ}C$ surface temperature at the design outdoor temperature of $0.1^{\circ}C$, was about $90W/m^2$. This performance analysis can be applied for future design criteria, including optimizations of system capacity and size.

• 약학회지
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• 제58권3호
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• pp.181-189
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• 2014

The aim of this was to evaluate the effects of Rhus Verniciflua Stoke (RVS) extract powder on the endurance capacity for the forced swimming mice. Thirty mice were divided into 3 groups including negative control, 250 (RVS-250) and 500 (RVS-500) mg/kg RVS extract powder groups for 4-times swimming exercises. The swimming times to exhaustion in RVS-250 and RVS-500 mice were prolonged 1.6- and 2.0-fold at 4 weeks compared with negative control mice, respectively. Blood biochemical parameters for AST, ALT, T-CHO and TG were not significantly different between RVS fed or negative control mice. However, blood concentration of creatinine was significantly increased in RVS-250 mice, but not in RVS-500 mice. During the longer swimming exercise in RVS group, blood glucose and lactate levels were significantly decreased, but free fatty acid not changed. And also LDH levels were significantly decreased in RVS groups compared to negative control mice. Hepatic lipid peroxidation was not affected by RVS, but SOD and catalase activity were significantly increased in RVS groups. Interestingly, the levels of testosterone and free testosterone were significantly increased in RVS groups before swimming exercise, but they were not significantly changed among groups after swimming exercise. The present results suggest that RVS extract powders may enhance swimming exercise performance by recovering the exercise-fatigue via reduction of blood LDH activity and by burning blood glucose as an energy source. These results imply that RVS-produced testosterone may act as an energy buster to enhance physical activity.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.214-220
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• 2005

구전에 의해서 건강 보신식품으로 알려져 온 뱀과 자라에 대하여 이들 추출물에 대하여 흰쥐의 운동수행능력에 미치는 영향에 대하여 평가하고, 보신식품에 대한 기초자료 축적 및 향후 의약품 대체식품 개발에 이용 가능한 원료로서의 가능성을 평가하고자 하였다. 흰쥐의 식이에 5% 사탕 또는 1% 용봉탕을 첨가하고 4주간 사육한 후 90분간 수영시킨 군(90-min subgroups)과 탈진 때까지 수영시킨 군(all-out subgroups)을 두 하부군으로 나누어 분석하였다. 강제수영능력 시간을 측정한 결과 용봉탕 또는 사탕은 흰쥐의 수영시간에 거의 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 90-min subgroups의 피로요소 측정 결과 대조군에 비해 사탕 추출물 첨가식이를 섭취한 군의 혈청 젖산 농도가 유의적으로 낮았으나(p<0.05), 무기인산, creatine kinase 및 요산 농도는 ET군과 ES군 모두 대조군과의 유의적인 차이는 없었다. All-out subgroups과 대조군의 혈청 피로 요소 역시 사탕 섭취군의 젖산 농도가 높았던 점 이외에 다른 요소의 농도는 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 따라서, 용봉탕 및 사창 추출물의 섭취로 인한 지구력운동 수행에 대한 효능 및 혈청 피로 요소에 미치는 영향은 전혀 없다고 판단할 수 있으며, 이들이 몸을 이롭게 한다는 인식은 영양 보충식품으로 이해할 수는 있지만, 건강기능 면에서는 잘못된 믿음이라고 판단된다.