• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.132-135
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• 2004

High-performance concrete (HPC) may be expected to differ from usual concrete with respect to shrinkage behavior, and it shows high autogenous shrinkage due to the use of very low water-binder ratio (w/b) and various admixtures. Therefore, in order to minimize the shrinkage stress and to ensure the service life of concrete structure, volumetric change of HPC should be understood. In this study, small prisms made of HPC with w/b of 0.32 and blast-furnace slag content of $0\%,\;30\%,\;and\;50\%$ were prepared to measure the volumetric changes such as autogenous shrinkage, drying shrinkage, and swelling under three different curing conditions. It was observed that the concrete cured. sealed condition showed only autogenous shrinkage while the concrete let to dry condition at temperature of $20^{\circ}C$ and relative humidity of $60\%$ during the test period showed both autogenous and drying shrinkage. Moreover, the concrete exposed to dry condition after 2-day water curing swelled and then started to shrink with age. The total shrinkage (autogenous+drying) of this concrete was smaller than that of the concrete cured dry condition, especially at early-age. Therefore, the early-age moisture curing is very effective to control or minimize the volumetric change and its induced stress of HPC.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.345-351
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• 2004

ln the present work to determine effect of a Streptococcus pneumoniae conjugate vaccine, S.pneumoniae capsule attached to the surface protein (JY-Pol) was ex amined. This JY-Pol contained approximately 92% and 6% carbohydrate and protein, respectively. Gel electrophoresis revealed the presence of the surface protein in the JY-Pol. By the double immunodiffusion and isotyping ELISA analyses, administration of JY-Pol that was adsorbed to alum adjuvant (JY-Pol/Alum) into mice induced IgM, IgG, and IgA specific for the S.pneumoniae capsule. The ATCC capsular polysaccharide adsorbed to alum (ATCC-Pol/Alum) provoked only IgM in mice. In survival tests, mice that were immunized with the JY-Pol/Alum before intravenous challenge with live S.pneumoniae survived entire period of 46 day-observation, whereas all mice that received ATCC-Pol/Alum or only diluent instead of the vaccination died within 5 and 12 days, respectively. Results from footpad-edema test showed that JY-Pol/Alum formula provoked the cellular immunity as determined by swelling of the mouse footpad. These data indicate that the naturally conjugated JY- Pol enhances resistance of mice against disseminated pneumococcal disease due to S.pneumoniae by both humoral and cellular immune responses.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.51.2-51.2
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• 2011

A novel electrospun nanofiber membrane was fabricated using combined poly (vinylphosphonic acid) (PVPA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) intended for bone tissue engineering applications. PVPA is a proton-conducting polymer used as primer for bone implants and dental cements to prevent corrosion and brush abrasion. The phosphonate groups of PVPA have the ability to crosslink and attach itself to the hydroxyapatite surface facilitating faster integration of the biomaterial to the bone matrix. PVA was combined with PVPA to provide hydrophilicity, biocompatibility and improve its spinnability. To improve its mechanical strength, PVPA/PVA and neat PVA mixtures were combined to produce a multilayer scaffold. The physical and chemical properties of the of the fabricated matrix was investigated by SEM and TEM morphological analyses, tensile strength test, XRD, FT-IR spectra, swelling behavior and biodegradation rates, porosity and contact angle measurements. Biocompatibility was also examined in vitro by cytotoxicity and cell proliferation studies with MTT assay and cell adhesion behavior by SEM and confocal microscopy.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.386-389
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• 2004

Descending nectorizing mediastinitis (DNM). represents a virulent form of mediastinal infection requiring prompt diagnosis and treatment to reduce the high morbidity mortality associated with this disease. Intr. avenous broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy alone is not efficient without adequate surgical drainage of the cervical and mediastinal collections, extensive debridement and excision of necrotic tissue, and wide mediastino-pleural irrigation. A 38-year-old man admitted via emergency room with painful left neck swelling and uncontrolled high fever. Chest computed tomogram showed left paratracheal abscess descending into the superior and anterior mediastinum. Transcervical mediastinal drainage was performed with 26 Fr. chest tube and left paratracheal drainage was performed with Penrose drain in urgency. Culture and sensitivity test grew Yeast. The drains removed via gradually shortening on day 39 after surgery.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.199-205
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• 2000

Purpose: To determine whether the significant relationship exists between radiographic appearance, whether it is unilocular or multilocular, and its corresponding clinical and histologic features by examining the odontogenic keratocyst clinically, radiologically and histologically. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 48 cases of odontogenic keratocyst from the files of Dental Hospital, Yonsei University for the years 1982 through 1995. Results and Conclusions : The mean age of patients was 30.5 years in the unilocular group and 35.5 years in the multilocular group. The male to female ratio was 1 : 1.06 in the unilocular group and 1 : 1.75 in the multilocular group. The chief complaint was swelling in both groups(unilocular 35.1 %, multilocular 54.5%). In the occurrence site, the border of the lesion, the displacement and external root resorption of the adjacent teeth, there were no statistically significant difference between the unilocular group and multilocular group, but in the border type, there was statistically significant difference (x²-test, p<0.05)wo recurred cases were observed among 11 cases of odontogenic keratocyst. One was unilocular case and the other was multilocular case.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 1992

Recently, plenty of imported Chinese Mungbean is sold, for Korean Mungbean is expensive. But they say, Chinese Mungean has less delicacy and cooking quality. Above all, in comparison with Korean and Chinese Mungbeans properties they are different - Chinese Mungbean grain is twice in dimension, Chinese Mungbean is white and Korean one is yellow in peeled grain color. They are similar in size shape with the microscope. With Amylograph of Brabender the viscosity of Korean Mungbean is gradually and continually increased until heating from $25^{\circ}C$ to $92.5^{\circ}C$ and cooling to $25^{\circ}C$ again, but the one of Chines Mungbean is increased suddenly in 74$^{\circ}C$ and shows the abrupt break-down phenomenon. This same phenomenon is shown in swelling with melting-pointer, In $25^{\circ}C$, the cooling temperature, Chinese Mungbean is measured to 1400 B.U and Korean one 1600 B.U. With color-meter of Richard S. Hunter, 12% gel of Korean Mungbean starch is clear but Chinese one white. The texture of 12% gel of Chinese Mungbean starch with Rheo-meter becomes hardened much more than Korea one. As a result of sensory-test, color, cohesiveness, and flavors of Korean gel is preferred overwhelmingly.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.12-18
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• 1991

The effect of urea and urea derivatives on the percutaneous absorption of salicylic acid and sodium salicylate through the skin of rabbit from petrolatum ointment was investigated. It was found that addition of urea or urea derivatives to the ointment base significantly increased the percutaneous absorption of the drugs in proportion to the concentratoin of the additive. The percutaneous absorptoin-enhancing activities of these compounds were that urea derivatives with the more and longer alkyl substituents showed the stronger activities. These activities of urea and urea derivatives were ascribed to the binding of these compounds with the lipids and proteins of the stratum corneum of the skin and the swelling of the tissues, which leads to the reduction of the barrier property of the layer. The preliminary skin irritation test showed that urea and urea derivatives were quite non-irritating to the skin. These results suggest that urea derivatives have a strong possibility to be developed as a percutaneous absorption enhancer.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.167-172
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• 2003

Olecranon bursitis rarely Progresses to septic arthritis. In our case, the 24 year old woman was visited due to progressing right elbow pain, despite antibiotic treatment of chronic olecranon bursitis caused by elbow laceration 2 months ago. Pus draining sinus, localized heating and swelling could be seen on physical examination. Septic arthritis and pathologic fracture was diagnosed under arthroscopic examination. Arthroscopic irrigation and synovectomy for elbow joint, olecranon bursectomy and curettage of olecranon bone was done. In the operation field, the elbow and draining sinus over olecranon was communicated each other on saline irrigation test. The patient was treated for 3 weeks with intravenous antibiotics. At postoperative 4 weeks, bone graft was done. The possibility of chronic osteomyelitis and septic arthritis must be considered in a patient with chronic olecranon bursitis.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.43-49
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• 2006

The surface and pore structure of cellulose fibers have a significant impact on the properties and performance in applications. Cellulase enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose fibers can result in changes to the surface and pore structure thus providing a useful tool for fiber modification. This research characterizes these changes using various test methods such as fiber dimension, water retention value, hard-to-remove water content, freezing and non-freezing bound water content, polymer adsorption, and crystallinity index. For a high-dosage enzyme treatment (0.10 g/g), the fiber length was significantly decreased and the fibers were 'cut' in the cross direction, not in the axial direction. The swelling capacities as measured by the WRV and HR water content increased for the high-dosage treatment. Three independent measurements (non-freezing bound water, polymer adsorption, and crystallinity index) are in good agreement with the statement that the amorphous regions of cellulose fibers are a more readily available substrate relative to crystalline regions. Based on the experimental results obtained herein, a model was proposed to explain surface and pore structure modification of cellulose fibers via enzymatic treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.9-18
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• 1987

This study is conducted to investigate the influence of addition of quarternary ammonium salt(cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide: CTAB) when polyester(PET) fabric is treated with sodium hydroxide(NaOH), depending on experimental variables such as CTAB concentration, NaOH concentration, time & temperature, and the change in physical & chemical properties of alkaline-hydrolyzed PET fabrics depending on their weight loss. The results are as follows: 1. By adding CTAB in aqueous NaOH, the weight loss of PET fabric is increased remarkably and until the concentration of CTAB is reached at its cmc, and the higher the concentration of CTAB are, the more weight loss on PET fibrics are. 2. The addition of CTAB in aqueous NaOH is most effective at lower NaON concentration(2%) among various NaOH concentration, on increasing the amount of weight loss, while there are almost similar results through various treatment time and temperature. 3. As the amount of weight of weight loss on PET fabric is increased, the increase of void space in the PET yarn, of softness & dyeability of PET fabric and the decrease of tensile strength are found. On the other hand, the moisture regain shows a little increase by alkaline-hydrolysis on PET fabric while vertical absorption test & water retention value are not sufficiently sensitive to distinguish between the hydrophillicity of untreated and treated PET fabric. The shrinkage of PET fabric is induced by swelling in hot aqueous NaOH regardless of NaOH concentration & addition of CTAB.