• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.183-190
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• 1993

Abnomalities in the embryologic development and migration of the thyroid gland can result in ectopic thyroid tissue, which may occur on the midline in any position from the base of the tongue to the mediastinum. Although ectopic thyroid may be asymptomatic, local obstructive, hemorrhagic or other complication may occur. Radinuclide thyroid scan is confirmatory when the diagnosis is suspected. Hypothyroidism is common in lingual thyroid, and thyroid supplementation is generally required. In order to evaluate the features of ectopic thyroid, we investigated the scintigraphic findings, thyroid function test and clinical symptoms of 19 patients with ectopic thyroid. 1) Th frequency of ectopic thyroid was about 5.3 times more common in female than in male. Then patients were mostly below 30 years old (79%). 2) The frequency of location of ectopic thyroid were as follows: 10 cases in the tongue base, 1 case in suprahyoid, 5 cases in infrahyoid and 3 cases over 2 areas. 3) The thyroid function test was done in 16 cases of the ectopic thyroid patients. The hypothyroidism was detected in 7 cases, subclinical hypothyroidism in 4 cases and normal thyroid function in 5 cases. 4) The rate of hypothyroidism is 90% in the lingual thyroid and 33% in the others. The thyroid dysfunction was related with the location of the ectopic thyroid (p < 0.05). 5) The clinical manifestations include a mass in the tongue base, the foreignbody sensation of a throat and a swallowing difficulty in lingual thyroid. The palpable mass was the chief complaint in the others. 6) We prescribed the thyroid hormone to 10 cases with hypothyroidism. The ectopic thyroid was removed in 2 cases with normal thyroid function. The rest is following up through OPD. We must consider the possibility of the ectopic thyroid and take the thyroid scan when the patient has a mass in the tongue base, the sublingual and the prelaryngeal area. Then we have to check the thyroid function and follow up when the ectopic thyroid is diagnosed, because the patient with normal thyroid function can result in the hypothyroidism. Except these, we must mind of the possibility of occurence of the cancer in the ectopic thyroid tissue.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.27-38
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• 2020

Purpose: This study assessed the food intake and nutritional status of the elderly in long-term care facilities in order to provide adequate food services and improve the nutritional status. Methods: The survey was carried out from August 2019 to October 2019 for the elderly in long-term care facilities located in Gwangju Metropolitan City. The survey was conducted to collect data from 199 elderly persons (34 males and 165 females) aged over 65 years old. The food intake was assessed using a 1-day 24-hour recall method. Results: More than 90% of the subjects were over 75 years old. Forty five percent of the subjects were active, 44.2% of the subjects perceived themselves as not being healthy. Dementia and Parkinson's disease were the most common diseases, followed by hypertension, musculo-skeletal disease, diabetes, and stroke. Only 25.6% of the subjects had most of their teeth intact, and 44.7% of the subjects had difficulty in chewing and swallowing. The total food intake was 1,127 g in males and 1,078 g in females. The most frequently consumed foods were kimchi, cooked rice with multi-grains, soybean soup, cooked rice with white rice, yogurt, pumpkin porridge, soy milk, and duck soup. The average energy intake of the subjects was 1,564.9 kcal in males and 1,535.5 kcal in females. The overall nutritional status of the elderly in the long-term care facilities was poor. In particular, the intake of vitamin D and calcium, vitamin C, riboflavin, and potassium were very low. The intake of vitamin D was 5 ㎍, and 86.4% of the elderly were below the estimated average requirement, while the intake of sodium was high. Conclusion: The results of this study can be used to understand the health and nutritional status and to improve the food services and nutrition management for the elderly in longterm care facilities.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1982.05a
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• pp.5.2-5
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• 1982

With the improvement of living standard and socioenvironmental change, esophageal stricture due to acetic acid, Hcl, insecticides and lye has led to decrease remarkably. Esophageal stricture has decreased because of immediate treatment and adequate management. However there are still sporadic incidents of esophageal stricture due to inadequate treatment and uncooperation of patients. The authors recently have experienced seven severe cases of esophageal stricture. All six patients were treated with 18-51 French Sippy esophageal dilating bougie. One patient was transfered to thoracic surgery department due to complete esophageal obstruction. Case 1. A 23 year old housewife who ingested Hcl for suicide. After Witzel's operation, she visited to dilate esophageal first constriction stircture due to swallowing difficulty postoperation 2 months later. We were treated successfully. Case 2. A case of esophageal stricuture in the second and third physiologic constriction part. The patient was 51 years old man who ingested lye accidently, and was dilated by bougination. Case 3. The patient was 43 year-old man who ingested acetic acid as a mistake and was treated inadequately at hopsital. Inspite of treatment, esophageal stricture developed at the third physiologic part. We are trying to dilate the esophagues now. Case 4. The patient was 55 year-old woman who had ingested Hcl for the purpose of suicidal attempt. 2 months later gastroduodenal anastomoisis due to pyloric region stenosis, the first physiologic constriction stricture was dilated successfully. Case 5. The patient was 41 year-old woman who ingested Hcl for suicide 4 months ago. There was indwelled orogastric tube for 1 month but esophageal stricture developed at the first and 3rd constriction part. She was treated by using a bougination. Case 6. An athlete 21 year old man, ingested acetic acid 2 spoonful per 3 days by purpose in order to soften the bone for last 14 months. There was complete esophageal obsturction in esophagogram and transferred to the thoracic surgery department. Case 7. A 3 year-old girl was ingested lye at a accident. She had a bougination for 16 months under the general anesthesia for dilation due to whole irregular esophageal stricture. She developed lower esophageal perforation, but healed eventually.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.767-774
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• 1999

Background : Tuberculous mediastinal lymphadenitis (TML) is a relatively commonly encountered in Korea. However, there were no datas available on TML without other combined tuberculous infections in Korea. We retrospectively analyzed clinical manifestations, radiologic findings, Chest CT scan findings, the duration of treatment, and follow up Chest CT scan findings of 23 cases who had only TML. Method : 23 cases from 1991 to 1997 with TML confirmed by biopsy and had no other combined tuberculous infections were studied retrospectively. Results : Of the 23 cases, 7 cases were male and 16 female. The male to female ratio was 1 : 2.4. Mean age was 31 years and the most prevalent age group was the 3rd decade(43%). The most common presenting symptoms were fever(39%) followed by no symptom, cough, swallowing difficulty, and chest discomfort. On simple chest X-ray, mediastinal enlargement were noted in 20 cases(90%). The most frequently involved site was the paratracheal node in 11 cases with the right to left side involvement ratio being 4.6 : 1. On chest CT scan, the most commonly enlarged node was the paratracheal node(33%) followed by the subcarinal(20%), hilar(13%), tracheobronchial (8%), subaortic(8%), supraclavicular(8%) and anterior. mediastinal nodes. 6 cases were dropt out due to incomplete follow up. Thirteen cases were treated with HERZ regimen and the mean duration of treatment was 14 months. Three cases were treated with second line drug regimens(Tarivid, Pyrazinamide, Streptomycin plus Ethambutol or Para-aminosalicylic acid) for 18 months. In HERZ groups, one case was recurred after 10 months later and retreatment was done by same HERZ regimen during 12 months. Follow up chest CT scan after completion of treatment were done in 13 cases and that revealed more than a 50% decrease in size in 77% of the cases and no interval change in 23% of the cases. Conclusion : In cases of TML without other combined tuberculous infection, the minimal duration of treatment was required 12 months by HERZ regimen and 18 months by a 2nd line regimen or more. Further studies will be needed to confirm the treatment duration for TML without other combined tuberculous infections.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1983.05a
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• pp.6.4-7
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• 1983

Hoarseness is the most common and early symptom in laryngeal diseases. A clinico - statistical analysis was performed on 228 cases with chief complaint of hoarseness at the department of otolaryngology, Jeonbug National University during the past 3 years from January 1980 to December 1980. 1) The number of the patient with hoarseness were 228 cases (2.3 %) among total outpatient of 10110 cases. 2) Among the 228 cases with hoarseness, male were 115 cases and female were 113 cases, so sex ratio was nearly same. 3) The underlying diseases causing hoarseness in order of frequency were acute laryngitis 43 cases (18.9 %), chronic laryngitis 36 cases (15.8 %), vocal nodule 30 cases(13.2 %), vocal polyp 30 cases (13.2 %), vocal cord paralysis 26 cases (11.4 %), laryngeal carcinoma 18 cases (7.9 %) and laryngeal tuberculosis 15 cases (6.6 %). There were other diseases of larynx in 30 cases (13.2 %). 4) The incidence of age distribution in order of frequency were 4th decade (26.8 % ), 3rd decade (18.9%), 5th decade (17.1 %), 2nd decade (15.8 %) and 6th decade (9.6 %). 5) The duration from onset to consultation in order of frequency were 11 days-1 month (22.8 %), 1 month-3 months(19.7%), 3 months -6 months (18.9 %), within 10 days (13.6 %), 6 months-l year (13.2 % ), 1 year -3 years(7. 9 %) and 3 years over. 6) The duration from onset to consultation for underlying diseases were as follows ; acute laryngitis was within 10 days, chronic laryngitis was 3 months - 6 months, vocal nodule was 1 month-3 months, vocal polyp was 3 months -1 year, vocal cord paralysis was 11 days -1 month. 7) Associated symptoms with hoarseness in order of frequency were sore throat (25 %), sputum (8.8 %), swallowing difficulty (7.9 %) and dyspnea (6.1 %). But 84 cases (36.8 %), there were no other symptoms except hoarseness.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1981.05a
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• pp.7-8
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• 1981

Authors observed clinically 34 cases of the corrosive esophagitis caused by various corrosive agents at Kyung Hee University Hospital from Aug. 1978 to Dec. 1980. The results obtained were as follows; 1. Among the 34 patients, male was 19 (55.9%) and female 15(44.1%). Most frequently found age was 3rd decade. 2. 18 cases(52.9%) came to the hospital within 24 hours after ingestion of the agents, and 13 cases(38.2%) within 2 to 7 days. 3. Seasonal distribution showed most frequently in spring(35.3%). 4. The moment of the accident was suicidal attempt in 27 cases(79.4%) and misdrinking in 7 cases(20.6%). 5. Acetic acid was a most commonly used agent, showing 23 cases(67.6%), lye and insecticides were next in order. 6. Common chief complaints were swallowing difficulty and sore throat. 7. The average hospital days was 14.8 days. 8. Esophagogram was performed between 3 to 7 days after ingestion in 13 cases(38.2 %), findings were constrictions on the 1st narrowing portion in 4 cases(30.8%) and within normal limits in 3 cases(23.1%). 9. Esophagoscopy was performed in 31 cases(91.2%) between 2 to 7 days after ingestion, which revealed edema and coating on entrance of the esophagus in 9 cases (29.0 %). Diffuse edema on entire length of the esophagus and within normal limits were next in order. 10. Laboratory results were as follows: Anemia was in 1 cases(2.9%), leukocytosis. in 21 cases (61.8%), increase ESR in 9 cases (26.5%), markedly increased BUN and creatinine in 3 cases (8.8%), and hypokalemia in 1 cases(2.9%). Proteinuria in 10 cases(29.4%) hematuria in 4 cases(l1.8%), and coca cola urine in 3 cases (8.8%). 11. Associated diseases were 3 cases(8.8%) of cancer, 1 cases (2.9%) of diabetes mellitus, and 1 cases(2.9%) of manic depressive illness. 12. Various treatment was given: Esophageal and gastric washing in 23 cases(67.6%) for the emergent treatment, antibiotics in 32 cases(94.1%), steroids in 30 cases(88.2%), bougienation in 5 cases(14.7%), hemodialysis in 1 case(2.9%), and partial esophagectomy with gastrostomy and gastroileal anastomosis in 1 cases(2.9%). 13. Serious complications were observed in 9 cases (26.5%), consisted of 6 cases(17.6%) of esophageal stricture, 1 cases(2.9%), of aute renal failure, 1 cases (2.9%) of pneu momediastinum with pneumonia, and 1 cases (2.9%) of pneumonia.