• KSBB Journal
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.133-139
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• 2003

Established cell-line cultures of cultured and wild mountain ginseng were characterized and their abilities to produce ginsenoside were determined. Cell lines were made of calli induced from the roots of wild mountain ginseng and cultured ginseng(Panax ginseng). Suspension cultures of wild mountain ginseng and cultured ginseng showed different growth and ginsenoside production rate. Their specific growth rates were 0.067 and 0.0035 day-1 in spite of having the same sugar consumption rates, where cells from wild mountain ginseng grew almost twice as fast as those of cultured ginseng. Their respective abilities to produce ginsenoside, however, were 0.53 and 2.53 mg/L.day, which means cells from cultured ginseng produced around 5 times more than wild mountain ginseng.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.60-65
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• 2008

Kalopanax pictus was cultured in vitro to find out optimal condition for embryogenic cells proliferation in liquid media rapidly. Embryogenic cells were induced from leaves and petiols of Kalopanax pictus. Optimum culture medium appeared to be a 1/2MS medium supplemented with 2.0mg/L 2,4-D and 0.1mg/L BA. To find out optimal conditions, embryogenic cells were cultured some condition as different concentrations of 2,4-D, medium and sucrose. There was cultured on 1/2MS liquid medium containing different concentration of 2,4-D. When embryogenic cells were cultured on 1/2MS liquid medium supplemented with 1.0mg/L 2,4-D, cell propagation rate was higher than other concentration of 2,4-D. When embryogenic cells were cultured on different media that MS, Gambols B5, N6, White, SH medium, observed the highest multiplication rate among Gambols B5 and White medium. To find out of effect of sucrose to embryogenic cells propagation, we tested cells under different concentrations. Optimal concentration of sucrose appeared to be a basal medium added 3% sucrose. Above results suggest that optimal conditions for proliferation of embryogenic cells were established Gambols B5 and White medium added 1.0mg/L 2,4-D and 3% sucrose. There is every possibility achieving embryogenic cells proliferation via bioreactor culture system in Kalopanax pictus.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.51-55
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• 2001

This study was conducted to establish a plant cell culture system for the production of medically important secondary metabolites from Xanthium strumarium. The effects of plant growth regulators including NAA, 2,4-D, kinetin, and ABA were examined in terms of callus induction, maintenance of callus and suspension cultures. It was shown that callus was induced upon treatment with NAA while embryo was induced after treatment with 2,4-D. Callus formation was further improved by treatment with ABA and NAA. The level of callusing increased by 17-29% for the seed case, cotyledon, leaf, and hypocotyl and by 96% in the case of the root. Suspension cell lines were established using calli produced from cotyledon, hypocotyl and root and cultured at 25$\^{C}$ under light conditions. The cells grew up to 15g/L with NAA 2ppm, BA 2ppm, and ABA 1ppm treatment. Supernatants of suspension cultures of cell lines derived from coyledon and hypocotyl produced some distinctive secondary metabolites, one of which was identified as 8-epi-tomentosin, which belongs to the xanthanolides. The amounts of 8-epi-tomentosin produced by the cotyledon- and hypocotylderived cell lines were 13.4mg/L and 11.0mg/L, respectively.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.181-188
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• 1982

Chloroplasts isolated from tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Virginia 115) leaves have been transferred into protoplasts of soybean (Glycine max Merr. cv. Jangyeop) suspension-cultured cells with the help of polyethylene glycol (PEG). The increased yield in protoplasts of chloroplast uptake was depended upon the concentration of both PEG 4,000 and PEG 6,000. The highest yield(36%) occurred at 50% of both PEG, and the yield was decreased above this concentration. The rate of uptake with the incubation time was highest at one hour, then decreased. The process of the chloroplast uptake into the protoplasts was similar with that of a protoplast fusion, except forming invagination during uptake.

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 1997.10b
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• pp.220.2-220
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• 1997

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 1999.10b
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• pp.208.1-208
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• 1999

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.135-141
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• 2010

Embryoid bodies (EBs) generated from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) include spontaneously induced endodermal lineage cells (ELCs). Activin-A plays important roles in the endoderm differentiation of hESCs. Despite studies on the generation of ELCs from hESCs with treatment of Actvin-A, it was unclear for localization and pattern of ELCs by Activin-A during differentiation of hESCs. Accordingly in this study, we knew that Actvin-A increased the cystic EBs formation, including the highly enriched AFP (endoderm lineage specific marker)-expressing cells in the surface of cystic EBs. To induce the EBs formation from undifferentiated hESCs, cells were transferred onto petri-dish and cultured in suspension condition without bFGF removed hESC media (EB media) for 3 days. Next to investigate the effect of Activin-A, EBs were subsequently cultured in EB media supplement with 100 ng/ml Activin-A for 3 days. After 5~7 days of Activin-A treatment, cystic EBs began to appear which increased in numbers reaching ~60% of initially formed EBs over 5 days. Endoderm lineage marker, AFP were highly expressed and specifically localized at the surface region of cystic EBs comparison with normal EBs. We next attached the cystic EBs onto gelatin-coated plates and cultured for 5 days. In the results of real-time PCR and immunocytochemistry analysis, AFP-expressing cells migrated and localized at the outgrowth region of attached cystic EBs. To obtain the AFP-expressing cells of the outgrowth region, we manually isolated by using micro-dissection and cultured them. These cells strongly express AFP over 70% of isolated cells post re-plating. Here, we first showed an expression pattern of specifically localized ELCs by Activin-A during differentiation of hESCs. From this observation, we could highly purified ELCs from undifferentiated hESCs. Taken together, our system will provide a novel and efficient option to generate ELCs from hESCs.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.360-364
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• 1998

To develop new elicitors inducing the high productivity of taxane derivatives, plant growth inhibitors, namely, maleic acid hydrazide, N-phosphomethyl glycine and succinic acid 2.2-dimethyl hydrazide, coconut milk and yeast extract were administrated in the cell suspension culture system of Taxus cuspidata, and the production of baccatin III were analysed. The effects of amino acid related with the biosynthesis of baccatin III were also examined in these culture system. As the results, a remarkable enhancement of baccatin III production was observed in the cultivation with coconut water and with maleic acid hydrazide.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.267-275
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• 1988

Effects of polyamines on ethylene biosynthesis were studied in synchronized suspension cultured cells from leaf segments of Nicotiana tabacum L. Putrescine, spermidine and spermine inhibited the endogenous production of both ACC and ethylene. Those production was more remarkably inhibited by spermidine and spermine than putrescine. These results were the same tendency with those obtained from exogenous application of SAM and ACC. Polyamines had more inhibitory effect on hte conversion of ACC to ethylene than that of SAM to ACC, but ACC was not accumulated. The inhibition rate of exogenously applied ACC conversion to ethylene was well coincident with that of exogenously applied SAM conversion to ethyene via ACC by polyamines. However, polyamines inhibited more the activity of ACC synthase than that of EFE. From these results we can suggest that polyamines inhibit both steps of SAM to ACC and ACC to ethylene, and more effectively the latter than the former.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.350-354
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• 2000

The growth promotion of a Taxus brevifolia cell suspension culture was investigated using conditioning factors. The conditioning factors produced and secreted from cultured cells usually stimulate cell division and the production of secondary metabolites. Therefore, the effective incubation time for the optimal secretion of conditioning factors was firstly determined for the promotion of cell growth. Conditioned media obtained by cultivating for 2 and 5 days showed the promotion of initial cell growth during the early cell growth period. However, the positive effect of the conditioning factors on the initial cell growth did not continue because of the depletion of the medium nutrients. Accordingly, the addition of a carbon source to the conditioned medium prolonged the positive effect on the cell growth. The addition of sucrose to the conditioned medium resulted in the maximum cell density being reached 4 days earlier compared to the control group and an increased substrate yield.