• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.73-74
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• 2009

This study attempts to establish a system extracting and monitoring cultural grounds of seaweeds (lavers, brown seaweeds and seaweed fulvescens) and abalone on the basis of both KOMPSAT-2 and Terrasar-X data. The study areas are located in the northwest and southwest coast of South Korea, famous for coastal cultural grounds. The northwest site is in a high tidal range area (on the average, 6.1 m in Asan Bay) and has laver cultural grounds for the most. An semi-automatic detection system of laver facilities is described and assessed for spaceborne optic images. On the other hand, the southwest cost is most famous for seaweeds. Aquaculture facilities, which cover extensive portions of this area, can be subdivided into three major groups: brown seaweeds, capsosiphon fulvescens and abalone farms. The study is based on interpretation of optic and SAR satellite data and a detailed image analysis procedure is described here. On May 25 and June 2, 2008 the TerraSAR-X radar satellite took some images of the area. SAR data are unique for mapping those farms. In case of abalone farms, the backscatters from surrounding dykes allows for recognition and separation of abalone ponds from all other water-covered surfaces. But identification of seaweeds such as laver, brown seaweeds and seaweed fulvescens depends on the dampening effect due to the presence of the facilities and is a complex task because objects that resemble seaweeds frequently occur, particularly in low wind or tidal conditions. Lastly, fusion of SAR and optic spatial images is tested to enhance the detection of aquaculture facilities by using the panchromatic image with spatial resolution 1 meter and the corresponding multi-spectral, with spatial resolution 4 meters and 4 spectrum bands, from KOMPSAT-2. The mapping accuracy achieved for farms will be estimated and discussed after field verification of preliminary results.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.1197-1199
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• 2003

ROCSAT-2 mission is to daily image over Taiwan and the surrounding area for disaster monitoring, land use, and ocean surveillance during the 5-year mission lifetime. The satellite will be launched in December 2003 into its mission orbit, which is selected as a 14 rev/day repetitive Sun-synchronous orbit descending over (120 deg E, 24 deg N) and 9:45 a.m. over the equator with the minimum eccentricity. National Space Program Office (NSPO) is developing a ROCSAT-2 Image Processing System (IPS), which aims to provide real-time high quality image data for ROCSAT-2 mission. A simulated ROCSAT-2 image, based on Level 1B QuickBird Data, is generated for IPS verification. The test image is comprised of one panchromatic data and four multispectral data. The qualification process consists of four procedures: (a) QuickBird image processing, (b) generation of simulated ROCSAT-2 image in Generic Raw Level Data (GERALD) format, (c) ROCSAT-2 image processing, and (d) geometric error analysis. QuickBird standard photogrammetric parameters of a camera that models the imaging and optical system is used to calculate the latitude and longitude of each line and sample. The backward (inverse model) approach is applied to find the relationship between geodetic coordinate system (latitude, longitude) and image coordinate system (line, sample). The bilinear resampling method is used to generate the test image. Ground control points are used to evaluate the error for data processing. The data processing contains various coordinate system transformations using attitude quaternion and orbit elements. Through the qualification test process, it is verified that the IPS is capable of handling high-resolution image data with the accuracy of Level 2 processing within 500 m.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2007

Unprecedented amount of genetic information being generated from the result of Human Genome Project (HGP) and advances in genetic research is already forcing changes in the paradigm of health and disease. The ultimate goal of genetic medicine is to use genetic information and technology to develop new ways of treatment or even prevention of the disease on an individual level for 'personalized medicine'. Genetics is play ing an increasingly important role in the diagnosis, monitoring and management of common multifactorial diseases in addition to rare single-gene disorders. While wide range of genetic testing have provided benefits to patients and family, uncertainties surrounding test interpretation, the current lack of available medical options for the diseases, and risks for discrimination and social stigmatization may remain to be resolved. However an increasing number of genetic tests are becoming commercially available, including direct to consumer genetic testing, yet public is often unaw are of their clinical and social implications. The personal nature of information generated by a genetic test, its power to affect major life decisions and family members, and its potential misuse raise important ethical considerations. Therefore appropriate genetic counseling is needed for patient to be informed with the benefits, limitations and risks of genetic tests, prior to informed consent for the tests. Physician also should be familiar with the legal and ethical issues involved in genetic testing to tell patients how w ell a particular genetic risk factor relates with likelihood of disease, and be able to provide appropriate genetic counseling. Genetic counseling become a mandatory requirement as global standard for many genetic testing such as prenatal diagnosis, presymtomatic DNA diagnostic tests and cancer susceptibility gene test for familial cancer syndrome. In oder to meet the challenge of genetic medicine of 21 century in korean health care system, professional education program and certification board for medical genetics specialist including non-MD genetic counselors should be addressed by medical society and regulatory policy of national health insurance reimbursement for genetic counseling to be in place to promote the implementation of clinical genetic service including genetic counseling for proper genetic testing.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.791-799
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• 2008

An image recognition for surrounding conditions is very important in image transmission. In recently rears, as the information infrastructure is more general, the user-centered demands in which they want to identify by object's states image using wire or wireless environment have increased. However, existing mobile solution could be hard to expect high quality mage, because limitation of software processing according as network based on mobile terminal which has low band width supports software codec. To solve this weak point, this paper describes on hardware codec design based on MPEG-4 which is international video compression standard. Implemented system contains the embedded CPU for optimized design and it works high quality service as transmission speed and resolution in mobile circumstance.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.272-276
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• 2005

[ $C_{70}$ ]-gold nanoparticle multilayer films were self-assembled using a 'dirt-ball' method on the reactive surface of glass slides functionalized with 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane. The functionalized glass slides were soaked in the solution containing both unmodified $C_{70}$ and ${\omega}$-amino-functionalized gold nanoparticles. Organic reaction (amination) facilitated the assembly of multilayer $C_{70}$-gold nanoparticle films, which have grown up to several layers. Chemical stability of $C_{70}$-gold nanoparticle films was studied by monitoring the changes in absorbance after the immersion of the films in acidic solution. In addition, ultrasonic stability of these nanoparticle films was studied by exposing them to ultrasonic irradiated surrounding, which resulted in partial desorption and a little aggregation of nanoparticles on solid surfaces.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.62 no.3
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• pp.353-360
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• 2019

Epilepsy surgery that eliminates the epileptogenic focus or disconnects the epileptic network has the potential to significantly improve seizure control in patients with medically intractable epilepsy. Magnetic resonance-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (MRgLITT) has been an established option for epilepsy surgery since the US Food and Drug Administration cleared the use of MRgLITT in neurosurgery in 2007. MRgLITT is an ablative stereotactic procedure utilizing heat that is converted from laser energy, and the temperature of the tissue is monitored in real-time by MR thermography. Real-time quantitative thermal monitoring enables titration of laser energy for cellular injury, and it also estimates the extent of tissue damage. MRgLITT is applicable for lesion ablation in cases that the epileptogenic foci are localized and/or deep-seated such as in the mesial temporal lobe epilepsy and hypothalamic hamartoma. Seizure-free outcomes after MRgLITT are comparable to those of open surgery in well-selected patients such as those with mesial temporal sclerosis. Particularly in patients with hypothalamic hamartoma. In addition, MRgLITT can also be applied to ablate multiple discrete lesions of focal cortical dysplasia and tuberous sclerosis complex without the need for multiple craniotomies, as well as disconnection surgery such as corpus callosotomy. Careful planning of the target, the optimal trajectory of the laser probe, and the appropriate parameters for energy delivery are paramount to improve the seizure outcome and to reduce the complication caused by the thermal damage to the surrounding critical structures.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.380-389
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• 2022

In the Haeundae area of Busan, South Korea, damage has continued to occur recently from building wind from caused by dense skyscrapers. Five wind observation stations were installed near LCT residential towers in Haeundae to analyze the effect of building winds during typhoon Omais. The impact of building wind was analyzed through relative and absolute evaluations. At an intersection located southeast of LCT (L-2), the strongest wind speed was measured during the monitoring. The maximum average wind speed for one minute was observed to be 38.93 m/s, which is about three times stronger than at an ocean observation buoy (12.7 m/s) at the same time. It is expected that 3 to 4 times stronger wind can be induced under certain conditions compared to the surrounding areas due to the building wind effect. In a Beaufort wind scale analysis, the wind speed at an ocean observatory was mostly distributed at Beaufort number 4, and the maximum was 8. At L-2, more than 50% of the wind speed exceeded Beaufort number 4, and numbers up to 12 were observed. However, since actual measurement has a limitation in analyzing the entire range, cross-validation with computational fluid dynamics simulation data is required to understand the characteristics of building winds.

• Atmosphere
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.61-72
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• 2023

Accurate estimation of forest carbon stocks is important in establishing greenhouse gas reduction plans. In this study, we estimate the spatial distribution of forest carbon stocks using machine learning techniques based on high-resolution remote sensing data and detailed field survey data. The high-resolution remote sensing data used in this study are Landsat indices (EVI, NDVI, NDII) for monitoring vegetation vitality and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) data for describing topography. We also used the forest growing stock data from the National Forest Inventory (NFI) for estimating forest biomass. Based on these data, we built a model based on machine learning methods and optimized for Korean forest types to calculate the forest carbon stocks per grid unit. With the newly developed estimation model, we created forest carbon stocks maps and estimated the forest carbon stocks in South Korea. As a result, forest carbon stock in South Korea was estimated to be 432,214,520 tC in 2020. Furthermore, we estimated the loss of forest carbon stocks due to the Donghae-Uljin forest fire in 2022 using the forest carbon stock map in this study. The surrounding forest destroyed around the fire area was estimated to be about 24,835 ha and the loss of forest carbon stocks was estimated to be 1,396,457 tC. Our model serves as a tool to estimate spatially distributed local forest carbon stocks and facilitates accounting of real-time changes in the carbon balance as well as managing the LULUCF part of greenhouse gas inventories.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.26 no.11
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• pp.99-110
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• 2010

A fundamental study of the pile-soil systems subjected to negative skin friction in soft soil was conducted using the long-term field measurements. The emphasis was on the identification of the magnitude and distribution of skin frictions ($\alpha$ and $\beta$ coefficients) in bitumen coated and uncoated piles. A skin friction coefficient of instrumented piles is back-calculated by varying degrees of consolidation (U) of surrounding soils. It is shown that the bitumen coated pile is capable of reducing the negative skin friction up to almost 50 to 90 percents. Through comparisons with the existing friction coefficient values ($\alpha$ and $\beta$ coefficients), the calculated coefficients are within the appropriate range, and thus we can suggest basic materials to estimate the realistic pile behavior in the short-term and long-term analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.295-308
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• 2023

This study applied a real-time IoT (Internet of Things) environmental monitoring system to wooden cultural heritages (WCHs) located in suburbs and forests in Korea. It automated the graphs of seasonal Temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH) changes inside the heritage structures and seasonal Performance Index (PI) values. While utilizing line graphs of the existing T and RH change trends and a bar graph expressing the PI values, this study examined the current status of the conservation environment inside the WCHs throughout the year and its diagnosis. Consequently, at higher latitudes, the organic cultural heritage repeatedly experienced large T fluctuations, and the risk of physical and chemical degradation of the materials was greater. However, the RH showed significant seasonal differences, even within the same latitude, indicating that the impact of latitude was not significant. Therefore, the staff in charge must manage RH by considering the surrounding environmental conditions and adjusting the internal environment of the structures. The PI values for the year-round T and RH inside the heritages were confirmed to only be a maximum of approximately 60% of the environmental suitability for conservation throughout the year, depending on the season. The relationship between the germination and growth potential period of xerophilic fungi and the monthly internal temperature and humidity in five heritages located at different latitudes was analyzed. As a result, we could thus determine that four particular months of the year (June-September) represent the periods with the highest risk of damage from xerophilic fungi in the country, regardless of latitude.