• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.27-37
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• 2002

This study was investigated with the surface properties such as physical and accelerated tests of wood-based floorings. In physical test, hardness and abrasion resistance values of laminate floorings were higher than those of others. The center line average surface roughness($R_a$) of imported laminate flooring was highest value($1.34{\mu}m$) and that of imported solid wood flooring was lowest value($0.62{\mu}m$). In cold resistance and moist heat resistance, no defects were found on the surface of all flooring (crack, blistering, peeling, and gloss loss etc.) after testing. Wet-cold-dry cycle test showed that plywood flooring appeared some cracks. In accelerated weathering test, color difference increased with increasing Xenon arc light irradiation

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.327-338
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• 2011

This study was carried in order to manufacture the high quality coated paper. High quality includes not only properties of coated paper but also final print quality. In this study, new acrylic-styrene emulsion was polymerized in laboratory and compared with styrene-butadiene latex. Low-shear viscosity of coating color was decreased with increasing acrylic-emulsion dosage. WRV was increased with addition and decreased with substitution of acrylic-emulsion. Paper gloss, brightness and whiteness were increased and PPS and opacity was slightly decreased with acrylic-emulsion. Ink gloss was increased with using No. 3 acrylic-emulsion due to lower ink setting properties. However No.1, 2 emulsion shows opposite situation. Surface strength of coated paper was increased with using No. 3 acrylic-emulsion These results indicate that high quality coated paper can be manufactured with using No. 3 acrylic-emulsion.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.37-42
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• 2012

This study was carried in order to manufacture the high quality coated paper. High quality includes not only physical and optical properties of coated paper but also final print quality. In this study, new acrylic-styrene emulsion was polymerized in laboratory and compared with conventional styrene-butadiene latex. Low-shear viscosity of coating color was decreased with increasing acrylic-emulsion dosage. Small amount of acrylic emulsion addition increased water retention, but further addition decreased it. Acrylic-emulsion addition improved paper gloss, brightness and whiteness, but decreased PPS and opacity slightly. Ink gloss was increased with using No. 3 acrylic-emulsion due to lower ink setting properties. However No. 1 and 2 emulsion showed the opposite result. Surface strength of coated paper was increased with using No. 3 acrylic-emulsion. These results indicate that high quality coated paper can be manufactured with using No. 3 acrylic-emulsion.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.915-924
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• 1996

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the surface roughness of glass ionomer cement during initial setting time followed by applying surface coating agent. No other finishing or polishing procedure is done and each surface coating agents (varnish, adhesive, gloss, sealant) are used after filling of glass ionomer cement. Surface roughness indices(Ra) are measured and surface contours are obtained electronically by Surfcorder SEF-30D(Kosaka laboratory Ltd., Japan). The results are as follows: 1. During initial setting time, surface roughness increases slightly regardless of surface coating agents. But it is statistically insignificant. (p>0.05) 2. Among surface coating agents used, Ra indices of group using varnish are high significantly compared to other groups regardless of elapsed time.(p<0.05) Among the groups which has used other surface coating agents except for the varnish group, similar Ra index all over the experiment is obtained, when compared to control group (no agent). 3. If no surface treatment is performed, tri-cure glass ionomer cement (Vitremer) has higher Ra Index than light cure glass ionomer cement (Fuji II LC) (t<0.05). But there is no difference between two groups in Ra index if any kinds of agents are applied except for sealant. (t>0.05)

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.543-551
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• 2014

Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify visual perception of and satisfaction with the orange peel effect of surface. The orange peel effect is a type of finish on painted or coated surface. Background: Gloss paint sprayed on a smooth surface (such as car body, smart phone, and electric home appliances, etc.) should also dry into a smooth surface. Then, a surface resembling the texture of an orange peel can be caused by some factors. The orange peel effect can degrade user's satisfaction with a product. Method: Visual perception and emotional satisfaction were subjectively evaluated using Likert scale. The significance of orange peel effect on visual perception and satisfaction were then analyzed by the analysis of variance. The correlation between visual perception and satisfaction was also analyzed. Results: Surface roughness significantly influenced visual perception and emotional satisfaction. The level of visual perception increased and emotional satisfaction decreased with the increase of orange peel effect. Emotional satisfaction decreased with the increase of visual perception level. Conclusion: It was identified that orange peel phenomenon on surface was a very important factor for emotional satisfaction. The orange peel effect on the surface of a product should be minimized to improve the emotional satisfaction of the product. Application: The result of this study can be applied to the texture design of the body of a car, smart phones, and electric home appliances, etc.

• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.25-40
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• 1997

This research was carried out to investigated the effect of base paper and latex binder on printability and obtical properties of coated paper. Especially, it examined the effect of th pH of vase paper surface and functional groups of latices on the interactions between coating color components and on the structure of coated layer. It was found that the behavior of coating color containing amphoeric latex depends on the pH in the boundary region between coating color and base paper. Thus, the coating color formulated with amphoteric latex formed bulky coating layer by inducing stronger interaction between paper surface and coating components than the coating color with anionic latex. The coated paper with amphoteric latex showed better optical properties (i.e.gloss and optical) and printability (i.e. ink receptivity, wet ink receptivity, and ink set off) than the conventional anionic latex in the acidic and alkaline paper. However, dry pick strength of the coated paper was less decreased. This result indicated that amphoteric latex could also be applied practically to the alkaline paper.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.513-518
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• 2003

Recently, advanced systems for water treatment are introduced for water quality improvement. One of those systems is water treatment method using ozone($O_3$). For it has strong oxidizing energy, it is necessary to have materisl stability against $O_3$. In this paper, epoxy resin specimens using as anticorrosive material of concrete structure for drink water are used to serve as a material of deterioration evaluation. It is to be studied weight loss, surface corrosion of specimens, ingredient analysis of floating particle, a solute of chemical ingredient by way of accelerated ozone testing. As the results of experiment, specimen weight is decreased. The surface of specimen is eroded heavily and showed a loss of gloss and floating particle, and in the stability for drinking water, harmful ingredient is not detected in the water.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.691-700
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• 2002

Injection molded plastic parts have many surface detects: weld line, sink mark, flow mark, gloss, shading, scratching, and so on. Because these surface faults have not been accepted esthetically, plastic parts are Produced through painting or texturing. The purpose of this paper is to develop a paintless molded part of TV Mask Front by flow control method and gas-assisted injection molding. In order to minimize defects from injection molding, this study was carried out using computer aided injection mold filling simulations using MF/FLOW and MF/GAS. Based on these numerical results, we developed FR(Flame Retardant) HIPS and established guidelines of part design, mold design, and Processing conditions. We have achieved of cost sayings, improvement of productivity, and utilization of recycling by eliminating surface defects and painting process.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.4 no.6
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• pp.222-225
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• 2005

The adhesion strength of metal plating on PC was studied. In this study, surface was treated by chemical agents or DBD(dielectric barrier discharge) plasma to imporve the adhesion. The surface roughness, contact angle, gloss of plating and adhesive strength were measured. Adhesion strengths of Ni plating on prepared PC by NaOH and KOH solution were $12.3kgf/cm^2$ and $7.5kgf/cm^2$, respectively. The highest adhesion strength was obtained in the plasma treated one, $27.8kgf/cm^2$.

• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.13-27
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• 1994

Litho printing ink vehicles based on rosin modified phenolic are faster drying, have better durability, are harder and glosser and have greater resistance to water than ones based on ester gums. Ink-Water balance and rheological properties are important in litho printing process. These physical properties is concerned with molecular weight of Resin to use vehicle. So this paper was studied about the effects of changing molecular weight of Rosin modified phenolic on surface tension, viscosity, pseudoplasticity and printablility of Litho Inks. The results were as follows. 1) The surface tension of model inks depended on the molecular weight of the resin : Dispersion componnent of ink increase but non dispersion component decrease as molecular weight of Resin increase. 2) Water pick-up of litho ink is more fast balance, using low molecular weight of Resin. 3) Viscosity, Yield value and Newtonian value of model inks increase as molecular weight of Resin increase. 4) The litho ink prepared with the modified phenolic of which molecular weight is about 20000 showed the highest printing density and gloss.