• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.1-9
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• 1997

This paper was carried out to introduce flame retardant and antibiotic properties to polyester(PET) and polyester/cotton(P/C) blend fabrics. PET and P/C blend fabrics were treated by a paddry-cure method in the aqueous solutions of the finishing agents(JA 6034, JA 6050, DC-5700). The corona discharge technique was applied to increase the polar group of the polymer surface. The characteristics of the treated fabric were investigated by means of scanning electron microscope (SEM) and electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis(ESCA), and water penetration time, limiting Oxygen index(LOI), and K/S value were also measured. Wettability of the fabrics was increased considerably with the corona discharge treatment. ESCA was used to elucidate the surface chemical composition of the fabrics treated with the corona discharge. Relative Ols intensity increased and oxygen was incorporated in the form of -C-O-, -C=O, and O=C-O on the polymer surface. The current study indicated that corona discharge treatment was effective for modifying the polymer surface.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.138-150
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• 2007

본 연구는 복합레진의 종류와 연마방법, 복합레진 연마 후 레진전색제의 적용이 복합레진의 표면조도에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 복합레진의 표면조도 측정과 FE-SEM 관찰을 통하여 상호 비교하였다. 미세입자형과 nanofill 복합레진을 이용하여 $8{\times}3{\times}2mm$의 시편을 각각 100개씩 제작하였고, 연마방법과 레진전색제의 적용 유무에 따라 20개의 군으로 분류하였다. 복합레진의 종류에 따라 Micronew를 사용한 군은 M군, Filtek Supreme을 사용한 군은 5군으로 분류한 후, 연마방법에 따라 M1 과 S1군 은 polyester strip만을 사용한 군, M2군와 S2군은 Sof-Lex disc를 사용한 군, M3군과 S3군은 Enhance disc와 polishing paste를 사용한 군, M4군과 S4군은 Astropol disc를 사용한 군, M5군과 S5군은 carbide finishing bur를 사용한 군으로 다시 분류하였다. 또한 연마 후 Biscover 레진전색제를 적용한 군은 연마방법에 따른 각 군에 B를 추가하여 M1B군-M5B군 및 S1B군-S5B군으로 분류하였다. 제작된 모든 시편은 표면조도의 측정과 주사전자 현미경 관찰을 시행하기 전에 실온의 증류수에서 24시간 동안 보관하였다. 표면조도측정기를 사용하여 각 시편의 상면과 하면 모두에서 각각 5회씩 측정하여 평균 표면조도 값을 산출하여 통계적으로 분석하였으며, 각 군에서 대표적인 시편 1개를 선택하여 FE-SEM에서 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 복합레진의 표면조도 값은 polyester strip에 의해 형성된 모든 군에서 가장 낮게 나타났고, 레진전색제를 적용한 S군을 제외한 다른 모든 군에서 finishing bur로 연마한 군이 가장 높게 나타났다 (p<0.05), FE-SEM 관찰에서 레진전색제를 적용하기 전의 표면은 polyester strip을 사용한 M1군과 S1군이 가장 평활한 표면을 나타냈고, finishing bur를 사용한 M5군과 S5군은 필러의 탈락에 의해 형성된 여러 개의 기포와 함께 울퉁불퉁한 표면을 보였다. 2. 복합레진의 종류에 따른 표면조도는 레진전색제를 적용하기 전에는 통계학적으로 차이를 나타내지 않았으나, 레진전색제를 적용한 후에는 Micronew가 Filtek Supreme보다 평활한 표면을 나타내었다 (p<0.05), 3. 레진전색제를 적용하기 전에는 복합레진의 종류와 연마방법에 따른 표면조도 간에 상호 연관성이 있었으나, 레진전색제를 적용한 후에는 복합레진의 종류와 연마방법 간에 상호 연관성이 없었다. FE-SEM관찰에서 레진전색제를 적용한 후의 표면은 모든 군에서 대체적으로 평활한 표면을 나타내었다. 4. 동일한 복합레진과 연마방법으로 처리된 군에서 레진전색제 적용 전과 후의 표면조도 값은 M1B군이 M1군보다, S1B군이 S1군보다 통계학적으로 높게 나타났으며, M4B군과 M5B군은 각각 M4군과 M5군 보다. 그리고 S5B군은 S5군 보다 통계학적으로 낮게 나타났다 (p<0.05). 본 연구를 종합하여 보면, 복합레진의 종류에 따라 표면조도의 순서는 다르게 나타났고, polyester strip 하에서 복합레진이 중합된 경우 가장 낮은 표면조도 값과 평활한 표면을 제공하였으며 전반적으로 anishing bur는 가장 높은 Ra값과 거친 표면을 제공하였다. Enhance, Astropol, carbide finishing bur로 연마한 표면은 레진전색제의 사용으로 평활한 표면을 얻을 수 있었지만, polyester strip과 Sof-Lex disc로 얻어진 표면은 레진전색제의 사용으로 표면조도의 개선이 이루어지지 않았다.

• 연구논문집
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• 통권28호
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• pp.59-71
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• 1998

The ELID(electrolytic in-process dressing) grinding method is a new precision grinding technique with the special electrolytic in-process dressing by metal bonded grinding wheel, fluid, and power supply. It is possible to make a efficient precision machining of hard and brittle materials such as ceramics, hard metals, and quenched steels by using this method, In this study, a new efficient precision grinding method with ELID was attempted for application to the machining and finishing processes of cylindrical structural components. And, we try to develop the cylindrical grinding technique for mirror surface of ceramics, tungsten carbide and SCM steel, and for the high efficiency grinding of machined parts, for example, ball screw shaft. Electrical characteristics of three different wheel grit sizes of #325, #2000 and #4000 were investigated experimentally. ELID grinding method is proved to be useful for mirror surface generation and efficient machining.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 1999년도 제3회 압연심포지엄 논문집 압연기술의 미래개척 (Exploitation of Future Rolling Technologies)
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• pp.188-197
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• 1999

Grain refinement of the structural steels was selected as the most effective method to meet improvement of strength and toughness without heat treatment. So, the future research and developing direction of ultra fine grain steels are more and more required to response to the production of eco - materials(environmental consciousness - materials) In this paper, the product of surface fine grain steels by CRCT and Inverse Transformation Method by warm deformation of martensite is carried out in order to improve the production process of Dowel Bar. It is possible to obtain surface ultra fine grain steel, when warm deformation of martensite formed after quenching is carried out from 730$^{\circ}C$ to 800$^{\circ}C$ in the finishing rolling step. The characters of surface with ultra fine grain steel is showing the cementite particles inside the ferrite grain and fine ferrite grain of about 1.2$\mu\textrm{m}$ in size.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.126-133
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• 2013

Although para-aramid fibers poss higher mechanical properties, they show very low resistance to sunlight exposure. This paper studied on the effect of nano-sol coated $TiO_2$ to improve the photo-stability of p-aramid fibers. Titanium dioxides were prepared by sol-gel method from titanium iso-propoxide at different R ratio ($H_2O$/titanium iso-propoxide). All samples were characterized by XRD, TEM and UV-vis spectrometer. The mechanical properties of p-aramid fabrics by $TiO_2$ nano-sol coating before and after sunlight irradiation were measured with tensile tester. XRD pattern of titanium dioxide particles was observed by mixing phase together with rutile and anatase type. The results showed, after sunlight irradiation, the decreased mechanical properties of the fiber. Furthermore, the sunlight irradiation obviously deteriorated the surface and defected areas of the fiber severely by photo-induced chain scission and end group oxidation in air.

• 오토저널
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.57-65
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• 1987

The surface rolling method which is one of the plastic deformation processes increases the surface roughness with reduction of diameter and hardness. In this study, three NACHI 6000 ZZ bearing were used for surface rolling tool on a mild steel The following results have been obtained with the mild steel. 1) The load is major factor in getting fine surface roughness of roller finishing after grinding The optimal surface roughness of SS41 steel can be obtained at the contact pressure of 210 kgf/cm$^{2}$. 2) At the contact pressure range of 200kgf/cm$^{2}$-210kgf/cm$^{2}$ for optimal surface roughness, The surface hardness increased to Hv200-Hv240 from Hv 125 before surface rolling. 3) Within the diameter variation of 13 .mu.m the surface roughness and the surface hardness were increased, but out of variation of 14.mu.m. The surface roughness become worse and the surface hardness was increased.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.870-878
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• 2003

The scale is removed from the strip by high pressure hydraulic descaling at the FSB (Finishing Scale Breaker). Recently, the spray height of nozzle has a trend to be shorter for the purpose of increasing the impact pressure by the high pressure water jet. Here, the nozzle intervals should be decided after considering the impact pressure and the temperature distribution on the strip. In other words, the minimum of impact pressure at the overlap of spray influences the surface grade of the strip due to scale and the overlap distance of the spray affects the temperature variation in the direction of the width of strip. In the present study, the impact pressure of the high pressure water jet is measured by the hydraulic descaling system and calculated with regard to the lead angle of 15$^{\circ}$ and the offset angle of 15$^{\circ}$, and then the temperature distribution and the temperature variation are calculated at the overlap distances of 0 mm, 10 mm, 20 mm, and 30 mm, respectively. The method of setting nozzle intervals is shown by utilizing these results.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1289-1293
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• 2005

We will improve tools performance without the change of a tools' physical shape, if we process mirror like finishing on the surface of cutting tools. Because cutting tools' shapes are very complex, the general method of polishing can't be polished. So we will apply new method of polishing which is magnetic fluid grinding technique. Magnetic fluid grinding technique can polish complex shape's workpiece by pressing the surface of workpiece with magnetic and abrasive grains in magnetic field. Therefore we developed the polishing equipment to improve the performance of cutting tools and experimented on various polishing conditions to determine the polishing conditions of cutting tools.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.377-387
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• 2023

Ni-W/Al₂O₃ nano-composites were electrodeposited on mild steel substrate for mechanical and corrosion resistance applications. This study focused on the preparation of Ni-W/Al₂O₃ nano-composite coating with various quantity of Al₂O₃ incorporations. The addition of Al₂O₃ in the electrolytes were varied from 1-10 g/L in electrolytes and the Al₂O₃ incorporation in Ni-W/Al₂O₃ nano-composite coatings were obtained from 1.82 to 13.86 wt.%. The incorporation of Al₂O₃ in Ni-W alloy matrix influenced the grain size, surface morphology and structural properties were observed. The distributions of Al₂O₃ particle in alloy matrix were confirmed using electron microscopy (FESEM and TEM) and EDAX mapping analysis. The crystal structure informations were studied using X-ray diffraction method and it confirms that the deposits having cubic crystal structure. The better corrosion rate (0.87 mpy) and microhardness (965 HV) properties were obtained for the Ni-W/Al₂O₃ nano-composite coating with 13.86 wt.% of Al₂O₃ incorporations.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2020

본 연구는 콘크리트 타설 현장에서 숙력된 작업자의 경험과 감각에만 의존하던 표면 마감작업 시간을 듀로미터의 경도치로 추정이 가능한지 프록터 관입저항 시험치와 비교하여 분석하였다. 연구 결과로 듀로미터 경도치와 프록터 관입저항치는 상관성이 매우 높게 나타났다. 따라서 콘크리트 표면에서 듀로미터 측정값으로 초결 시간은 듀로미터 C 타입으로 41 HD전후 일 때, 종결 시간은 듀로미터 D 타입으로 11 HD전후 일 때로 밝혀졌다. 따라서 프록터 관입저항 시험기보다 듀로미터의 경우는 편리한 휴대성을 가지고 콘크리트의 표면 마감 작업시간을 정량적으로 관리할 수 있을 것으로 사료되었다.