• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.89-96
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• 2020

In this study, we developed a finite element model for the built-in bottom-freezer type refrigerator and then used the structural analysis method to analyze and evaluate the deflection of the doors. We tested the validity of the developed analytical model by measuring the deflection of the hinge when loads were applied to the upper and lower hinges of the refrigerating compartment and compared these with the analysis results. The comparison of the vertical displacement of the measured result and the analysis result showed an error ratio of up to 12.8%, which indicates that the analytical model is consistent. Using the analytical model composed of the cabinet, hinges and doors, we performed analyses for two cases: both doors closed, and the refrigerating door open. Since the maximum vertical displacement of the refrigerating compartment door (R-door) with the food load is smaller than the gap between the lower surface of the R-door and the upper surface of the freezer compartment door (F-door), it is judged that the R-door and the F-door do not contact when the doors are opened or closed. In addition, the analysis result showed that the difference between the vertical displacement at the hinge on the opposite side and the hinge side of the R-door is favorably smaller than the management criterion of the refrigerator manufacturer.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.24-30
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• 2016

사각노즐에서 발생한 음속제트의 코안다 효과를 이용한 추력편향 제어에 관한 실험적 연구가 수행되었다. 코안다 플랩 표면에서 나타나는 제트유동의 3차원 효과를 저감시키기 위하여 노즐 출구의 코안다 플랩 양쪽에 측판이 설치되었다. 쉴리렌 유동가시화 기법과 정량적인 추력편향각 측정을 통하여, 플랩 양쪽에 설치된 측판에 의하여 제트유동의 플랩 하류에서의 박리현상이 크게 지연되었음을 관찰하였다. 이에 따라 최대 72도의 높은 추력편향각과 약 7% 정도의 적은 추력손실이 관찰되었다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.869-872
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• 2005

This research studied robust design of column part for LCD transfer system. $1^{st}$ DOE(Design of Experiment)was conducted to find out main effect factors. 36 experiments were performed and their results were shows that the geometric parameters(Low-length, Side-length, Upper-thickness, Middle-thickness)are more important than other factors. The main effect plots shows that the maximum deflection of column is minimized with increasing Low-length, Side-length, under-thickness and Middle-thickness. $2^{nd}$ DOE was conducted to obtain RMS(Response Surface Method)equation 25 experiments were conducted. The CCD(Central Composite Design)technique with four factors were used. The coefficient of determination $(R^2)$ for the calculated RSM equation was 0.986. Optimum design was conducted using the RSM equation Multi-island genetic algorithm was used to optimum design. Optimum value for Low-length. Side-length, Upper-thickness and Middle-thickness were 299.8mm, 180.3mm, 21.7mm, 21.9mm respectively. An approximate value of 5.054mm in deflection was expected to be a maximum under the optimum conditions. Six sigma robust design was conducted to find out guideline for control range of design parameter. To acquire six sigma level reliability, the standard deviation of design parameter should be controlled within 2% of average design value.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.143-161
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• 2020

In nanosized structures as the surface area to the bulk volume ratio increases the classical continuum mechanics approaches fails to investigate the mechanical behavior of such structures. In perforated nanobeam structures, more decrease in the bulk volume is obtained due to perforation process thus nonclassical continuum approaches should be employed for reliable investigation of the mechanical behavior these structures. This article introduces an analytical methodology to investigate the size dependent, surface energy, and perforation impacts on the nonclassical bending behavior of regularly squared cutout nanobeam structures for the first time. To do this, geometrical model for both bulk and surface characteristics is developed for regularly squared perforated nanobeams. Based on the proposed geometrical model, the nonclassical Gurtin-Murdoch surface elasticity model is adopted and modified to incorporate the surface energy effects in perforated nanobeams. To investigate the effect of shear deformation associated with cutout process, both Euler-Bernoulli and Timoshenko beams theories are developed. Mathematical model for perforated nanobeam structure including surface energy effects are derived in comprehensive procedure and nonclassical boundary conditions are presented. Closed forms for the nonclassical bending and rotational displacements are derived for both theories considering all classical and nonclassical kinematics and kinetics boundary conditions. Additionally, both uniformly distributed and concentrated loads are considered. The developed methodology is verified and compared with the available results and an excellent agreement is noticed. Both classical and nonclassical bending profiles for both thin and thick perforated nanobeams are investigated. Numerical results are obtained to illustrate effects of beam filling ratio, the number of hole rows through the cross section, surface material characteristics, beam slenderness ratio as well as the boundary and loading conditions on the non-classical bending behavior of perforated nanobeams in the presence of surface effects. It is found that, the surface residual stress has more significant effect on the bending deflection compared with the corresponding effect of the surface elasticity, Es. The obtained results are supportive for the design, analysis and manufacturing of perforated nanobeams.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제33권10호
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• pp.68-74
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• 2005

전압력 회복률을 극대화시키기 위하여 램제트 엔진 흡입구 최적형상이 수치적으로 조사되었다. 각 설계인자의 설계영역에 대해 성능을 근사적으로 예측하기 위하여 반응표면법을 도입하였다. 설계인자로는 첫 번째 램프각, 목직경, 그리고 디퓨져 확대각이 선택되었다. 얻어진 반응표면의 신뢰성 검증을 위해서 ANOVA가 사용되었다. 얻어진 최적모델의 전압력 회복률은 기준모델에 비해 36% 향상되었다. 또한 디퓨져에서의 점성손실은 5% 미만인 것으로 조사되었다.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.104-113
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• 1998

선박 생산 현장에서는 선체의 곡가공을 위해 선상가열법이 널리 사용되고 있다. 최근 선박 생산성 향상을 위하여 선상가열법에 의한 강판 곡가공 자동화 시스템에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있으나, 그 연구들은 주로 각각의 가정된 역학 모델을 도입하여 가열에 의한 판의 변형 거동을 해석하는 데에 집중되고 있고, 실제 곡면 가공에 이용될만한 실용성있는 가열선 결정 방법을 제시하는 것은 드물다. 본 논문에서는 선상가열 공정을 시뮬레이션하기 위해 새로운 가열선 결정 알고리즘을 제안한다. 이 알고리즘의 특징은 가공곡면과 목적곡면의 차이를 나타내는 변위차이곡면의 곡률을 계산하는 것이다. 몇 가지의 전형적인 곡면 형상에 대해 점검한 결과, 실용성과 적용 가능성을 확인하였다.

• 전자공학회논문지SC
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.55-60
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• 2010

설치류는 수염을 통해서 물체를 인식하는 능력을 갖추고 있다. 단연 설치류뿐만 아니라 많은 수의 포유류가 사물을 인식하는데 수염을 이용하지만 특히 설치류는 수염을 통해서 마이크로미터 단위의 표면의 거칠기 차이도 구별 할 수 있다. 설치류는 수염을 앞, 뒤로 능동적으로 움직이며 물체의 모양이나 표면의 거칠기, 패턴 따위를 판별한다. 실제 쥐 수염에는 수염뿌리 가까운 모낭 안에 수많은 신경이 모여 있어서 수염이 떨리거나 구부러질 때의 신호를 받아들인다. 쥐의 이러한 능력을 모방하여, 본 논문에서는 마이크로폰을 이용하여 쥐 수염 센서를 제작하고 제작한 수염 센서를 통해 물체 표면의 거칠기에 대한 정보를 얻고자 한다.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.177-191
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• 2015

In this article, various higher-order shear deformation theories (HSDTs) are developed for bending and buckling behaviors of nanowires including surface stress effects. The most important assumption used in different proposed beam theories is that the deflection consists of bending and shear components and thus the theories have the potential to be utilized for modeling of the surface stress influences on nanowires problems. Numerical results are illustrated to prove the difference between the response of the nanowires predicted by the classical and non-classical solutions which depends on the magnitudes of the surface elastic constants.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.58-65
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• 1997

Work rolls used in cold rolling mills must have outstanding wear resistance and very little plastic defor- mation. Thus, these rolls require a higher surface hardness and harding to a greater depth. To meet these requirements, the rolls, in general, have basic chemical composition of 0.7 to 1.0% carbon and 1.0 to 5.0% Cr(chromium), plus a small amounts of special elements, and are subjected to intensive water quenching and tempering at low temperature to provide a surface hardness of over 90 shore. This test results are as follows. Deflection and fracture load of 5% Cr material are than those of 3% Cr material and show flat curve from surface to subsurface. It will be clear that 5% Cr work roll has a superior resisti- bility against wear and abrasion comparing with 3% Cr work roll. The improvement of wear and abrasion in 5% Cr work roll will be achieved by the large amount of wpheroidal carbide. In grindability and polish, 5% Cr work roll will be a little inferior comparing with 3% Cr work roll.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.909-924
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• 2015

This paper investigates the vibration phenomenon of a nanobeam subjected to a time-dependent heat flux. Material properties of the nanobeam are assumed to be graded in the thickness direction according to a novel exponential distribution law in terms of the volume fractions of the metal and ceramic constituents. The upper surface of the functionally graded (FG) nanobeam is pure ceramic whereas the lower surface is pure metal. A nonlocal generalized thermoelasticity theory with dual-phase-lag (DPL) model is used to solve this problem. The theories of coupled thermoelasticity, generalized thermoelasticity with one relaxation time, and without energy dissipation can extracted as limited and special cases of the present model. An analytical technique based on Laplace transform is used to calculate the variation of deflection and temperature. The inverse of Laplace transforms are computed numerically using Fourier expansion techniques. The effects of the phase-lags (PLs), nonlocal parameter and the angular frequency of oscillation of the heat flux on the lateral vibration, the temperature, and the axial displacement of the nanobeam are studied.