• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.81-86
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• 2015

PURPOSE: Bridge exercises are broadly used to develop trunk co-activation patterns that promote spine stability. This study was to analyze the trunk muscle activity during bridge exercise with various shoulder support surface(stable, sling, Swiss ball). METHODS: The subjects were 20 healthy subjects in their twenties. Subjects were performed bridge exercise on 4 different shoulder support surfaces using stable and labile instruments. 1) Bridge exercise on a stable surface. 2) Bridge exercise with their shoulder on a stable bench. 3) Bridge exercise with their shoulder on a sling. 4) Bridge exercise with their shoulder on a Swiss ball. Rectus abdominis, erector spinae, internal oblique, external oblique muscle activities were measured using electromyography. RESULTS: There were significant differences in RA, EO muscles between performing each of the 4 exercises(p<.05). RA and EO was recorded the highest activity during the bridge exercise with their shoulder on a sling. The lowest activity was recorded during conventional supine bridge on a stable surface. There were no differences found for the EO/RA and IO/RA ratio. The EO/RA and IO/RA ratio was the highest in the bridge exercise with their shoulders resting on a stable bench. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that change of shoulder support surface during bridge exercise may be useful for enhancing the trunk stability.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.453-466
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to study about initial adhesion, proliferation and activation of osteoblast to titanium surface treated with machined, hydroxyapatite coating, resorbable blast material blasting and anodizing method. Material and Methods: After treating the titanium surface of each block with machined, impurities were removed and sterilized. The number of cells attached from cultured osteoblast of respective experimental groups were measured at 1, 4, 7, and 14day and alkaline phosphatase, calcium, and inorganic phosphate concentration of cultured solution was measured. Result: Anodizing group showed the highest rate of cell attachment and proliferation activity. RBM treated group showed the highest increasing on their alkaline phosphatase activity, on the calcium apposition, on inorganic phosphate apposition of 1 and 4 days in cultured osteoblast to compare with other groups. Conclusion: On the basis of these findings, we conclude that surface modification of titanium was profoundly effected on the attachment, proliferation and activation of osteoblast in initial stage osseointegration.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2006년도 International Symposium on GPS/GNSS Vol.2
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• pp.101-106
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• 2006

The geoidal undulations are needed for determining the orthometric heights from the Global Positioning System GPS-derived ellipsoidal heights. There are several methods for geoidal undulation determination. The paper presents a method employing a simple architecture Two Layer Multiquadric-Biharmonic Artificial Neural Network (TLMB-ANN) to approximate an area of 4200 square kilometres quasigeoid surface with GPS-levelling data. Hardy’s Multiquadric-Biharmonic functions is used as the hidden layer neurons’ activation function and Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm is used to train the artificial neural network. In numerical examples five surfaces were compared: the gravimetric geometry hybrid quasigeoid, Support Vector Machine (SVM) model, Hybrid Fuzzy Neural Network (HFNN) model, Traditional Three Layer Artificial Neural Network (ANN) with tanh activation function and TLMB-ANN surface approximation. The effectiveness of TLMB-ANN surface approximation depends on the number of control points. If the number of well-distributed control points is sufficiently large, the results are similar with those obtained by gravity and geometry hybrid method. Importantly, TLMB-ANN surface approximation model possesses good extrapolation performance with high precision.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.415-421
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• 2013

활성탄소섬유(Activated carbon fiber, ACF)의 비표면적을 향상시키는 대표적인 방법은 알칼리금속을 이용한 화학적 활성화(Chemical activation, CA)와 산화제를 이용한 표면처리(Surface treatment, ST)방법이 있다. 알칼리금속을 이용한 CA 공정은 열처리 과정에서 알칼리금속의 화학반응에 의하여 미세기공이 발달되며, ST 공정은 산화제의 산화력에 의하여 표면의 미세기공을 발달시킨다. 본 연구에서는 대표적인 표면개질 방법인 CA 공정의 효과를 증대하기 위하여 전처리로 ST 공정을 수행하였으며, ST 공정 유무에 따라 CA된 ACF의 특성변화를 관찰하였다. ST 및 CA 유무에 따른 ACF 특성을 조사하기 위하여 무게변화, FT-IR, TGA, 원소분석을 수행하였으며, 대표적인 VOC물질인 톨루엔을 이용하여 흡착특성을 평가하였다. 실험결과 초기 raw ACF의 비표면적과 톨루엔 흡착량은 각각 1,483 $m^2/g$, 0.22 $g_{-Tol.}/g_{-ACF}$였으며, CA 처리시 1,998 $m^2/g$, 0.27 $g_{-Tol.}/g_{-ACF}$로 증가하였고, ST된 ACF를 CA 처리한 경우 2,743 $m^2/g$, 0.37 $g_{-Tol.}/g_{-ACF}$로 증가하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 ST 및 CA 결합공정을 통한 ACF의 표면특성을 증가를 확인하였다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.80-86
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• 2016

Background: Prone hip extension (PHE) can be performed to measure the lumbopelvic motor patterns and motions. Imbalances in lumbopelvic muscle activity and muscle weakness can result in instability including pain in lumbopelvic region. The posterior oblique sling (POS) muscles contribute to dynamic lumbopelvic stability. In addition, POS are anatomically aligned with the trapezius muscle group according to shoulder positions. Objects: This study compared the electromyography (EMG) activity of POS and pelvic compensations during PHE with and without pre-activation of lower trapezius muscle (lowT). Methods: Sixteen healthy males were recruited. PHE was performed in randomized order: PHE with and without lowT pre-activation. Surface EMG signals were recorded for biceps femoris (BF), gluteus maximus (GM) (ipsilateral), lumbar multifidus (MF) (bilateral), and the lowT (contralateral). An electromagnetic tracking motion analysis was used to measure the angle of pelvic rotation and anterior tilting. Results: The ipsilateral GM and bilateral MF EMG amplitudes were greater during PHE with lowT pre-activation compared to PHE without lowT pre-activation (p<.05). The BF amplitude during PHE without lowT pre-activation was significantly greater than that during PHE with lowT pre-activation (p<.05). The angles of pelvic rotation and anterior tilting during PHE with lowT pre-activation were significantly smaller compared to PHE without lowT pre-activation (p<.05). Conclusion: PHE with lowT pre-activation, which is aligned with the POS, showed more increased MF and GM muscular activity with smaller lumbopelvic compensations in rotation and anterior tilting compared to PHE without lowT pre-activation.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 1998년도 한국재료학회 춘계학술발표강연 및 논문개요집
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• pp.114-114
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• 1998

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.97-101
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• 2009

현대의 반도체 산업에서 공정 중 가장 큰 비중을 차지하며, 가장 많은 자본과 인력을 소비하는 것이 바로 세정 공정이다. 세정공정은 소자의 작동에 영향을 미치고 기능을 저하시킬 수 있는 이물질 입자들을 제거하는 것이다. 특히 소자를 식각하기 위한 Photoresist(PR) 과정이 끝날 때마다 항상 세정 과정이 포함되어야 했다. 또한, Photoresist(PR) 공정 중 생성된 HDI-PR(high dose implanted photoresist)은 세정 과정에서 제거가 힘들기 때문에 현대의 고밀도 집적회로 세정 공정에서는 건식 세정과 습식 세정을 혼용하여 여러 단계의 세정 공정을 거치게 된다. 이 논문에서는 기존 플라즈마 방식으로 대표되는 건식 세정과 약액으로 대표되는 습식 세정을 동시에 사용하는 방식을 사용하여 약액활성화 방법(Plasma Liquid-Vapor Activation; PLVA)을 제안하여 실험을 실시하였고 HDI-PR을 활성화된 용액에 담근 후 Nano-Indenter를 이용하여 표면강도와 탄성계수를 측정했다. Nano-indenter는 특정한 기하학적 형태를 가지는 Tip을 표면에 압입한 후 압입하중과 압입깊이를 측정함으로서 시료의 표면강도와 탄성계수를 측정하였다. 그 결과 plasma로 활성화된 PR stripper 용액으로 strip한 후의 시료의 표면 강도가 크게 줄어든 것을 확인하였다. 이는 이후 물리적 표면 세정 공정을 후 공정으로 사용한다면 보다 효율적인 HDI-PR을 제거할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.555-556
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• 2008

• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 2015년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.65-65
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• 2015

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2010

Purpose: This study examined the activation of the rectus abdominis (RA), external abdominal oblique (EO), transversus abdominis, internal abdominal oblique (TrA/IO), and Multifidus (MF) muscles while stabilization exercise was performed in a four-point kneeling position. Methods: Experiments were conducted on 21 healthy male adults (mean age=25.29 years) who voluntarily agreed to participate in the study. Each subject was instructed regarding maximal voluntary contractions (MVC) and stabilization exercise in four-point kneeling. While MVC and stabilization exercise of individual muscles were being performed, activation of the muscles was measured using surface electromyography (EMG). Activation of the muscles while performing stabilization exercise in four-point kneeling was normalized to a percentages of the MVC. Results: Left RA, right TrA/IO, right and left MF muscles showed significant differences among the positions. Conclusion: Selecting an optimal position can aid subjects on physical conditions while performing stabilization exercises in the four-point kneeling position.