• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.595-605
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• 2021

The objectives of this research are to see if the phenomena of "demand following" and "supply leading" exist in the business cycle, as well as to look at how liquidity and output react to changes in credit risk, investment-saving gap, inflation, exchange rate, and growth rate of real national output. Employing quarterly data of Maluku and North Maluku (2008-2019), this study utilizes VAR/VECM for inferential analysis. This research found three important findings. First, liquidity and output growth influenced each other in the long run. Second, the determinants of output growth for Maluku are liquidity, investment-saving gap, and inflation, while the determinants of liquidity are output-growth, the gap of investment-saving, and inflation. Third, the determinants of output growth for North Maluku are liquidity, credit risk, investment-saving gap, inflation, exchange rate, and the national output-growth, while the determinants of liquidity are output-growth, credit risk, investment-saving gap, inflation, exchange rate, and national output-growth. The findings of this study supported the hypothesis of demand following and supply leading theory in the Maluku and North Maluku business cycles. This study concludes that economic development would improve if supported by liquidity adequacy through increased deposit growth.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.1-26
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• 2022

This paper analyzes the effects of the cut in the legal maximum interest rate (from 27.4% to 24%) that occurred in February of 2018 on loan interest rates, the default rates, and the loan approval rate of borrowers in the non-banking sector. We use the difference-in-difference identification strategy to estimate the effect of the cut in the legal maximum interest rate using micro-level data from a major credit-rating company. The legal maximum rate cut significantly lowers the loan interest rate and default rate of low-credit borrowers (i.e., high-credit-risk borrowers) in the non-banking sector. However, this effect is limited to borrowers who have not been excluded from the market despite the legal maximum interest rate cut. The loan approval rate of low-credit borrowers decreased significantly after the legal maximum interest rate cut. Meanwhile, the loan approval rate of high-credit and medium-credit (i.e., low credit risk and medium credit risk) borrowers increased. This implies that financial institutions in the non-banking sector should reduce the loan supply to low-credit borrowers who are no longer profitable while increasing the loan supply to high- and medium-credit borrowers.

• 동아시아경상학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.23-33
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• 2024

Purpose: This paper explores the nuanced approaches undertaken by private companies in formulating and implementing business continuity plans (BCPs) in response to the unprecedented challenges posed by the global COVID-19 pandemic. Research design, data, and methodology: Utilizing a mixed-methods research design, the study delves into the multifaceted strategies employed by private sector entities, ranging from risk assessment and remote work policies to supply chain diversification and employee well-being initiatives. Result: The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the evolving landscape of business continuity planning during a pandemic, offering valuable insights for academia, industry practitioners, and policymakers. The research findings present a detailed account of how private companies have tailored their business continuity plans in response to the unique challenges posed by the pandemic. Conclusion: This academic exploration sheds light on the dynamic landscape of business continuity planning in private companies responding to the global pandemic. Insights into the effectiveness of remote work policies, supply chain diversification, employee safety measures, and financial strategies contribute to the understanding of best practices and areas requiring further attention. These recommendations aim to inform future business continuity planning efforts, enhance organizational resilience, and mitigate the impact of global health crises on private sector operations.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.34-41
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• 2010

This paper proposes the compliance collaboration index(CCI) which can be useful to measure the level of supply chain's compliance collaboration quantitatively. It can be shown that the proposed index is quite flexible when applied in real situations at the request of the index user. For instance, even if only one company of many companies in trade supply chain to be tested through the AEO certification test is not satisfied the required specification. the index is designed in such a way that the score can't be higher than a certain predetermined value. The proposed CCI can be used as the guidance for a trade company's collaboration process control strategy to increase the efficiency of compliance improvement activity. In this paper, we use the Analysis Hierarchy Process(AHP) which is one of the methods recommended by ISO/ICE as a measurement of weight to be assigned to the relevant parameters considered in the CCI.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제54권
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• pp.45-80
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• 2012

Since the 9.11 terror attack, the event which caused supply chain disruption, supply chain security has become more important than ever before. With this as a momentum, a customs supply chain security paradigm emerged intended to guarantee secure flow of cargo across boarder. Under this circumstances Incoterms(R) 2010 rules have allocated obligations between the buyer and seller to obtain or to render assistances in obtaining security clearances. Thus, security related obligations such as providing advance manifest information is the mandatory requirements for any export and import. The impact on the seller and buyer of security related obligations under the Incoterms(R) 2010 rules environment is obvious. Assistance to provide the security information in advance has become indispensable obligations to the seller and buyer. As such assistances is at the cost and risk of the party responsible for the clearances of the goods, the choice of recognised partner and compliance with the relevant security program, in order to enjoy the relevant benefits, becomes paramount.

• 무역학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.19-29
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• 2022

This study evaluated the importance of automobile procurement logistics using AHP. Although automobile procurement and logistics is represented by JIT, internal and external risk factors for the automobile and logistics industries are increasing, so it is necessary to re-evaluate them and establish countermeasures. Therefore, this study conducted AHP analysis targeting 30 automobile procurement and logistics experts. Through previous studies and interviews, 4 factors for Tier 1 and 12 factors for Tier 2 were derived. As a result of AHP, the logistics factor was analyzed as the most important and the cost factor was less important than the other factors. This means that supply chain operation is more important than cost, and it is analyzed that stopping all supply chain participants is more damaging than logistics or inventory costs. Such research can provide implications not only for the automotive supply chain but also other industries with similar characteristics, and it is considered to be a meaningful study at the present time when the global supply chain is being reorganized.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2019년도 학술발표회
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• pp.397-397
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• 2019

With the consequences of climate change becoming more evident, research on climate-associated risks has become a basis for climate adaptation and mitigation. Amongst the different sectors and natural resources considered in assessing such risks, drought is one impact to our environment that experiences stress from climate change but is often overlooked and has the potential to bring severe consequences when drought occurs. For example, when temperatures are higher, water demand increases and water supply decreases; when precipitation patterns fluctuate immensely, floods and droughts occur more frequently at greater magnitudes, putting stress on ecosystems. Hence, it is important for us to evaluate drought risk to observe how different climate change and socioeconomic scenarios can affect this vital life resource. In this study, we review the context of drought risk on the basis of climate change impacts and socioeconomic indicators. As underlined in the IPCC AR5 report, the risks are identified by understanding the vulnerability, exposure, and hazards of drought. This study analyzed drought risk on a global scale with different RCP scenarios projected until the year 2099 with a focus on the variables population, precipitation, water resources, and temperature.

• International Journal of Railway
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.34-37
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• 2010

In recent, the railway system consists of subsystems as rolling stock and infrastructures as signaling, telecommunication, power supply, overhead contact and platform screen door, etc. Furthermore, each subsystem has complicated interface so as not to understand these relationship. Consequently, to operate the railway system continuously with required safety and availability, the failure data should be corrected and analyzed systematically during operation. To achieve this object effectively, this paper presents the method which is evaluating the operational risk quantitatively using failure data, and selecting the critical equipment. Following this analysis, the improvement plan is established and applied to reduce the operational risk on system or equipment. From this study, the critical equipments of system could be determined and prioritized by risk analysis. Also, the effective maintenance to prevent critical failure could be implanted by this suggested methodology.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.141-149
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• 1993

수력에너지 생산량은 추계학적인 저수지 유입량에 지배되므로 전력량 판매 계약에는 이를 반영하여 합리성을 보장해야 할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 유입량의 신뢰도별로 저수지조작(貯水池操作)을 수행하여 최적 신뢰도 및 이에 따른 최적 전력 판매계약량을 결정하는 방법을 제시하였다. 목적함수에는 전력생산량이 신뢰도를 벗어나는 위험에 대한 손실함수를 도입하고, 손실계수의 범위를 제시하였다. 여기서 손실은 계약량을 공급하지 못할 경우 지불해야 할 벌칙량을 의미하고 신뢰도는 저수지 유입량에 대한 초과 확률과 같고, 이 때 확률밀도함수는 대수정규분포를 5% 유의수준에서 채택하였다. 최적의 신뢰도를 결정하기 위하여 오목함수 범위에서 황금비 조사 기법을 썼으며, 신뢰도별 최대 수력 에너지를 얻기 위해 증분 동적계획 기법으로 저수지 조작을 수행하였다. 본 연구의 적용대상으로 대청 다목적댐 및 수력발전소를 택하여 손실계수, 최적 신뢰도 및 계약 발전량을 구하였다.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.79-94
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• 2021

소셜 미디어상의 부정적 구전에 대한 기업의 공급사슬 리스크의 중요성과 심각성에도 불구하고 관련된 연구는 미흡한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 제품의 부정적 구전이 소셜 미디어를 통해 어떻게 유통되는지, 부정적 구전의 유통과 확산에 영향을 주는 주체의 특징은 무엇인지를 사회적 교환이론에 기초하여 분석하였다. 이를 위해 트위터를 이용해 미국도로교통안전국(NHTSA)에서 4개 자동차 기업의 자동차 리콜 정보를 수집하였다. 최초 트위터(Seed tweet)를 바탕으로 부정적 구전의 유통과 확산을 살펴보기 위한 RT(Re-tweet) 네트워크를 구조를 분석하여 부정적 구전 네트워크의 특징을 파악하고, 초기 유포자의 특성이 부정적 구전 확산에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 그 결과 부정적 구전은 다수 이용자와 연결된 허브 이용자를 중심으로 확산하는 스몰월드 네트워크 구조임을 확인하였으며, 초기 유포자의 영향력이 크고 상호호혜성이 높을수록 부정적 구전 확산의 속도와 규모가 유의미하게 증가함을 발견하였다.