• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.121-130
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• 2003

The goal of this study is construction and efficacy evaluation of MPC-25 (Magnetic Pain Control-25), a medical device using magnetic stimulation. MPC-25 consists of a main body containing power supply and control module and a bed containing magnetic core and coil. In distinction from electric pain control medical devices, magnetic pain control system is non-contact, so the patients need not take off their clothes to be treated. High amplitude current pulses are applied to a magnetic coil and induce time varying magnetic field generating eddy current in a conductor like human body. Clinical efficacy test was performed in patients suffering from musculoskeletal pain of lumbar, shoulder and joint. Degree of pain before and after treatment for 30 minutes was compared using Visual Analogous Scale. As a result, 14 cases out of 20 showed decreased pain perception, so the rate of efficacy is 70%. Reduction of pain perception was statistically significant (P=0.001 by Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test).

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.677-685
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• 2017

기존에 개발된 스마트 가로등 관리 시스템은 도로에 설치된 가로등을 관리 및 유지보수하기 위해서 많은 시간과 비용이 필요하여 현재까지도 보급률이 매우 낮다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 기존의 가로등 관리 시스템들과 달리 장거리 통신이 가능하며 초기비용 및 유지비용이 상대적으로 저렴한 Long Range Wide-Area Network (LoRaWAN)통신을 이용한 가로등 관리 시스템을 제안한다. 또한 가로등의 상태 및 가로등 주변의 환경을 GUI에서 실시간 모니터링 및 제어를 하여 설치된 가로등에 문제가 발생 시 빠른 시간 내에 이를 확인할 수 있다. 마지막으로 구현된 시스템의 LoRaWAN 통신 테스트 및 센서 정확도 테스트를 실시하여 시스템의 성능을 검증한다.

• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 2001년도 추계학술발표회 초록집
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• pp.35-35
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• 2001

agnesium Oxide (MgO) with a NaCI structure is well known to exhibit high secondary electron emission, excellent high temperature chemical stability, high thermal conductance and electrical insulating properties. For these reason MgO films have been widely used for a buffer layer of high $T_c$ superconducting and a protective layer for AC-plasma display panels to improve discharge characteristics and panel lifetime. Up to now MgO films have been synthesized by lE-beam evaporation, Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) and Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD), however there have been some limitations such as low film density and micro-cracks in films. Therefore magnetron sputtering process were emerged as predominant method to synthesis high density MgO films. In previous works, we designed and manufactured unbalanced magnetron source with high power density for the deposition of high quality MgO films. The magnetron discharges were sustained at the pressure of O.lmtorr with power density of $110W/\textrm{cm}^2$ and the maximum deposition rate was measured at $2.8\mu\textrm{m}/min$ for Cu films. In this study, the syntheses of MgO films were carried out by unbalanced magnetron sputtering with various $O_2$ partial pressure and specially target power densities, duty cycles and frequency using pulsed DC power supply. And also we investigated the plasma states with various $O_2$ partial pressure and pulsed DC conditions by Optical Emission Spectroscopy (OES). In order to confirm the relationships between plasma states and film properties such as microstructure and secondary electron emission coefficient were analyzed by X-Ray Diffraction(XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy(TEM) and ${\gamma}-Focused$ Ion Beam (${\gamma}-FIB$).

• 기술사
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.18-25
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• 1968

Higher yield in rice paddies is greatly dependent on adequately balanced and timely supply of water. A majority of rice paddy in Korea is generally irrigated by rainfall, but in many cases it has to be supplemented by artificial irrigation for optimum rice culture. Although the water requirement of rice plant is for higher Than that of athec crops, submerged condition of rice paddy is not Necessarily required. The moisture requirement of rice plant varies with its growing stages, and it is possible to increase the irrigation efficiency through reduction of water loss due to percolation in rice paddies. An experimental plots were set up by means of sandomized block design with three duplication; (a) All time submerged, (b) Economically controlled, and (c) Extremely controlled. Three different irrigation periods Were (a) Initial sage, (b) Inter-stage, and (c) Yast stage. The topsoil of the three plots were excavated to the depth of 30 cm and then compacted with clay of 6 cm thickness. There after, they were piled up with the excavated top soils, leveled and cored with clay of 6 cm thickness around footpath in order to prevent leakage. The results obtained from the experiments are as follows, 1. There is no difference among the three experiments plots in terms of physical and chemical conditions, soil properties, and other characteristics. 2. Culm length and ear length are not affected by different irrigation methods. 3. There is no difference in the mature rate and 1, 000 grain weight of rice for the three plots. 4. The control plot which was irrigated every three days shows an increased yield over the all the time submerged plot by 17.8 percent. 5. The clay lined plot whose water holding capacity was held 5 days long, needs only to be irrigated every 7 days. 6. The clay lined plot shows an increased yield over the untreated plot ; over all-the-time submerged plot by 18 percent ; extremely controlled plot by 18 percent, and economically controlled plot by 33 percent. 7. It may be saved in water requirement about one Thirds.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.39-47
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• 1973

The influences of the acute hemorrhage on the intestinal functions were studied in the rabbits subjected to acute bleeding, amounting 1.5-2% of the body weight. The motility and the absorptive capacity of the ileum were compared before and after the bleeding. Transfusion of shed blood was also performed in order to see whether the deteriorations were reversible or not. The tension developed in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the ileum was recorded through an appropriate transducer, and the frequency of the rhythmic contraction was counted throughout the procedure. Test solution, 10ml in amount, was placed in the loop of the ileum, and the samples were drawn at zero time and at 20 minutes. Triplicated procedures were repeated on the same loop;namely, before and after bleeding and after transfusion. The test solution was composed of 200 mg% urea, 218 mEq/l of NaCl and 150 mg% of polyethylene glycol (PEG) No. 4,000 in distilled water. The latter substance was used as a marker substance for the volume change of the loop. The results obtained were as follows; 1. The motility of the ileum suffered little effects by acute hemorrhage. However, minor fluctuations were seen in the frequency of the rhythm, showing a slight tendency of decreasing rhythmicity, and it was reversed by transfusion. 2. Diminution of absorptive capacity of urea was noticed in acute hemorrhage and it was interpreted as the consequence of the secondary effect of the retardation of the active transport mechanism governing the sodium transport 3. Absorption rate of the sodium ion was dropped in the hemorrhage, suggesting the indispensable need of the blood supply. 4. Osmolarity of the luminal fluid remained higher in the case of acute hemorrhage. 5. There was a tendency of retaining more fluid in the intestinal lumen in acute hemorrhage, comparing with that observed prior to the bleeding. 6. The deteriorations in the absorptive capacity were restored by transfusion of shed blood.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.520-530
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of the foodservice management practices, the equipment ratio of sanitary facility/equipment, and dietitians' perceptions of (i) the barriers to sanitary management and (ii) the sanitary management performance level in the welfare institutions for the disabled in Korea. The survey was conducted during the period from September 7 to October 15, 2006. A total of 91 institutions(response rate 74.6%) were analyzed by using SPSS(windows ver. 14.0). The average number of meals served per day per an institution was 379. The majority(93.4%) of dietitians made decisions in procurement. The major part of the purchase was made through private contract. The factors affecting menu planning were nutrition, food preference, and cost, in the order of importance. Among the food items, fruits were infrequently served, while protein source foods and green leaf vegetables were almost daily served. The equipment ratio of sanitary facilities/equipment was 45%, which was relatively low. Most dietitians perceived 'limited availability of facilities and equipment' and 'the lack of support from financing department' as the major barriers in implementing a desirable sanitary system. Sanitary management performance in 'the food ingredient' was perceived as the lowest, while that in 'the uniform' showed the highest. The results of this study suggest that a proper supporting program on securing the facility/equipment and adequately trained employees are needed for successful sanitary management. Also, a more frequent supply of fruits for the disabled is recommended.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.179-185
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 금융위기 이후 투기적 성향의 거래가 원자재 가격 상승의 주요 요인으로 작용했음을 구조적 벡터자기회귀(SVAR: Structural Vector Auto Regressive) 모형을 이용해 정량적으로 증명했다. SVAR 모형을 추정 후 충격반응 분석과 분산분해 결과에서 금융위기 이후 투기 거래가 원자재 가격에 미친 영향력이 금융위기 전 보다 3~6배 커진 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 금융위기 이후 급증한 글로벌 유동성도 원자재 가격에 영향을 준 것으로 나타났다. 금융위기 이전에는 산업생산 등 수요와 경기 요인이 원자재 가격에 크게 영향을 주었으나 금융위기 이후에는 그 영향력이 감소했다. 따라서 금융위기 이후 원자재 가격 반등은 유동성 확대에 따른 투기 거래 증가에 영향을 받은 것으로 판단할 수 있다. 미국은 2015년 12월 금리 인상을 시작했고 향후 금융 긴축 기조를 지속할 것으로 전망되어 글로벌 유동성이 감소할 가능성이 커지고 있다. 금융위기 이후 원자재 가격이 금융 변수의 영향을 크게 받았기 때문에 향후 유동성이 감소한다면 투기 거래가 위축되고 원자재 가격의 하락 요인으로 작용할 것으로 예상된다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2010

This study examines attributes and expression characteristics of 'Mix & Match' which is one of the major current trends in interior designs. The concept and background of 'Mix & Match' was ascertained through research of previous documents and studies, and its attributes were explored. In order to examine the expression characteristics to see how they are expressed in actual interior designs, case analyses were carried out centering on the expression elements such as material, light & lighting, color, furniture and objects which were regarded as important in previous studies and related articles so far. The case analyses were carried out for works where the concept of 'Mix & Match' was prominent in designs produced in 2007 and 2008, chosen from the main reports of the representative interior design journals, 'Interiors' and 'INTERNI & Decor'. As a result, it has been found that 'Mix & Match' is not limited to one attribute but the temporal, spatial and genre attributes are present all at the same time, or various expression elements exist in one attribute. This is a distinct character commonly shown in most of the cases and each expression element is expressed in variety according to spatial concept, from a simple parallel to substitution, transfer and modification (simplification, transformation of the scale, rate modification etc.) Therefore, in creating the space for 'Mix & Match' or in interpretation of it, the understanding of these expression characteristics would make it possible for clearer and more various applications of design, and furthermore will be meaningful for supply and accumulation of reference in design communication.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제65권7호
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• pp.1151-1160
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• 2016

In recent years, the energy storage systems such as LiB, NaS, RFB(Redox-Flow Battery), Super- capacitor, pumped hydro storage, flywheel, CAES(Compressed Air Energy Storage) and so on have received great attention as practical solutions for the power supply problems. They can be used for various purpose of peak shaving, load leveling and frequency regulation, according to the characteristics of each ESS(energy storage system). This paper will focus at 1 MWh RFB system, which is being developed through the original technology project of energy material. The output of ESS is mainly characterized by C-rate, which means that the total rated capacity of battery will be delivered in 1 hour. And it is a very important factor in the ESS operation scheduling. There can be several options according to the operation intervals 15, 30 and 60minutes. The operation scheduling is based on the optimization to minimize the daily electricity cost. This paper analyzes the cost-saving effects by the each operating time-interval in case that the RFB ESS is optimally scheduled for peak shaving and load leveling.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.132-138
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• 2000

Background: Inhaled nitric oxide therapy causes selective pulmonary vasodilation in congenital heart diseases with pulmonary hypertension. However discontinuation of inhaled nitric oxide therapy may be complicated by abrupt life-threatening rebound pulmonary hypertension(RPH) The purpose of this study was to prevent by comparing group I(without RPH n=13) and group II(with RPH n=6) to determine the risk factors involved inthe development of the RPH. Material and Method: Between Januarty 6, 1998 and April 14, 1999. we studied 19 consecutive children who were treated with inhaled nitric oxide for clinically significant pulmonary hypertension after an open heart surgery for congenital heart disease. the ratio of males and females was 12:7 ranging in age from 10 days to 6040 days(16 years) To identify the effects of nitric oxide between two groups we measured heart rate mean and systolic pulmonary arterial pressure mean and systolic systemic arterial pressure central venous pressure pH paO2/FiO2 and O2 saturation before and after the initiation and just before the withdrawal of the inhaled nitric oxide. result: In 6 of 19 patients(32%) withdrawal of inhaled nitric oxide caused RPH. In the two groups inhaled nitrix oxide decreased in pulmonary arterial pressure(PAP) without decreasing the systemic arterial pressure(SAP) and increased PaO2/FiO2 Compared with patients who had no RPH(group I) patients who had RPH(group II) were older in age (1204$\pm$1688 versus 546$\pm$1654 days p<0.05) received less nitric oxide therapy(34$\pm$18 versus 67$\pm$46 hours p<0.05) has shorter weaning process(5$\pm$3 versus 15一13 hours p<0.05) and received lowerconcentration of initial nitric oxide supply(11$\pm$8 versus 17$\pm$8 ppm p>0.05) and lower concentration just before the withdrawal nitric oxide(4.2$\pm$2.6 versus 5.6$\pm$2.6 ppm, p>0.05) Conclusion : We speculate that older age shorter of nitric oxide therapy shorter weaning process are the risk factors of RPH.