• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.99-127
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• 2008

E-learning becomes an important part of education these days in Korea. Students had no choice but to accept the e-learning when the e-learning was used as a supplementary learning tool within a traditional class or a stand-alone distance education. This study focuses on the students' intention of e-learning acceptance for voluntary studies. In voluntary study, students have the rights to adopt the e-learning or not for their personal study. We used individual characteristics as the external variables of TAM to explain user acceptance of e-learning for voluntary studies and examined the effect of individual characteristics on user's beliefs. Research model and nine hypotheses were set up to identify the relationships among these variables based on investigations of previous researches. The theoretical model is tested with questionnaires from 420 users who accept e-learning for voluntary studies. We tested the measurement and research models by applying a structural equation modeling(SEM) approach, using the AMOS 5.0. Overall, the results provided support for the model as explaining acceptance of an e-learning system. Most path coefficients in the research model were found statistically significant. The results showed usefulness and enjoyment and subject norm were the factors affecting attitude of students using e-learning. In addition, usefulness and subject norm were the factors affecting intention of students using e-learning. The results show innovation and self-efficacy have a significant impact on user's perception of ease of use. Self-efficacy also have significant effects on user's perception of usefulness.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.561-583
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• 2018

A variety of polycarboxylate ether (PCE)-based superplasticizers are commercially available. Their influence on the rheological retention and slump loss in respect of concrete differ considerably. Fluidity and slump loss are the cardinal features responsible for the quality of concrete. These are related to the dispersion of cement particles and the hydration process which are greatly influenced by type of polycarboxylate ether (PCE)-based superplasticizers. On the backdrop of relatively less studies in the context of rheological retention of high strength self-consolidating concrete (HS-SCC), the experimental investigations were carried out aiming at quantifying the effect of the six different PCE polymers (PCE 1-6) on the rheological retention of HS-SCC mixes containing two types of Ordinary Portland Cements (OPC) and unwashed crushed sand as the fine aggregate. The tests that were carried out included $T_{500}$, V-Funnel, yield stress and viscosity retention tests. The supplementary cementitious materials such as fly ash (FA) and micro-silica (MS) were also used in ternary blend keeping the mix paste volume and flow of concrete constant. Low water to binder ratio was used. The results reveal that not only the PCEs of different polymer groups behave differently, but even the PCEs of same polymer groups also behave differently. The study also indicates that the HS-SCC mixes containing PCE 6 and PCE 5 performed better as compared to the mixes containing PCE 1, PCE 2, PCE 3 and PCE 4 in respect of all the rheological tests. The PCE 6 is a new class of chemical admixtures known as Polyaryl Ether (PAE) developed by BASF to provide better rheological properties in even in HS-SCC mixes at low water to binder mix. In the present study, the PCE 6, is found to help not only in reduction in the plastic viscosity and yield stress, but also provide good rheological retention over the period of 180 minutes. Further, the early compressive strength properties (one day compressive strength) highly depend on the type of PCE polymer. The side chain length of PCE polymer and the fineness of the cement considerably affect the early strength gain.

• 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2021.08a
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• pp.253-259
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• 2021

In line with the modern society where artificial intelligence has spread throughout society, the Ministry of Education decided to provide AI education in kindergartens, elementary, middle and high school classes in 2025, and develop related learning materials and textbooks from 2021. Korea currently does not have state-led AI education for kindergarten and elementary school, so there is no systematic teaching material. Therefore, this study designed and presented textbooks for pattern analysis-based computational thinking development based on the GPS curriculum, a kindergarten SW curriculum studied by Y. S. Jeong and S. E. Lim (2020). Class procedures for using the textbooks were classified as introduction activities, development activities, and organization activities. Supplementary explanations were presented by presenting textbooks and teaching aids along with explanations of each activity. In order for this study to help AI education conducted in 2025, research must be conducted to demonstrate its effectiveness through actual application in the future.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.63 no.2
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• pp.273-294
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• 2024

Recently, interest in Edu-Tech, which applies new technologies to the educational field, is growing. Edu-Tech is now being naturally used in schools, allowing both teachers and students to adapt to these changes. Particularly, there's significant attention on using Edu-Tech to bridge the educational gap through various teaching and learning strategies. This study focuses on the importance of self-directed task management by students for supplementary learning. It developed and utilized a math learning platform that enables teachers to easily provide and manage necessary tasks for students. Initially, the study developed "Sussam-MathTeacher" a problem-based learning application for middle school students, aimed at enhancing problem-solving abilities. This platform operates as a task management system, allowing teachers to assign or recommend problems to either the entire class or individual students. It aims to improve students' problem-solving abilities through a process that includes presenting necessary tasks, monitoring their own progress in solving problems, and self-assessing growth. Through this study, students demonstrated improved problem-solving skills by tackling tasks suited to their levels using "Sussam" highlighting the critical role of teachers in the digital educational environment.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to investigate the actual condition of consciousness that the students in Dept. of dental hygiene who will be engaged in dental hygiene at a dental office in the future have about a clinical training, to see whether there is any difference between the results, and then to provide fundamental data which can be helpful to develop more effective clinical training programs. For this, we investigated consciousness, that 114 daytime school students and evening school students(76 daytime school students and 38 evening school students) in Dept. of dental hygiene in J college have, using questionnaires on clinical training with Self-Administrated Method. SPSS 12.0 for Windows was used to analyze all of the questionnaires, and the results analyzed at meaningful level a=.05 are like followings: 1. The degree of satisfaction on clinical training was high as average 3.30 ; it was high in case of night training as 3.34, and of a dental office in a general hospital and an university hospital as 3.83. The degree of stress caused by clinical training was high as average 3.30, and it means that they are under relatively heavy pressure ; it was shown they got the most heavy stress as 3.39 at night, as 3.68 at a dental clinic 2. The students showed the highest tendency to recognize that clinical training is needed "for learning various clinical case experiences" as average 3.54 ; the students trained at daytime showed the highest average 3.55, and at a clinical hospital, the highest average 3.64. 3. In the study on an actual condition of consciousness about clinical training according to class difference by time(at day time and at night), there is meaningful difference between two kinds of class ; the students trained at day time showed average 2.68 that they don't like to attend, on the other hand the students at night showed higher average 2.84(p<.05). In the study on an actual condition of consciousness about clinical training according to the institutions they are trained, there is meaningful difference at satisfaction on learning method and amount of assignment : they show the highest degree of satisfaction on the learning method in case of working at a dental office in a general hospital and an university hospital as average 3.3(p<.0.1) ; the amount of assignment was shown most high at a dental clinic and a dental office in a general hospital and an university hospital as average 3.00 each(p<.05). 4. In the study of the degree of satisfaction on the clinical training, it has relatively high connections with learning contents(r=.656), learning methods(r=.497), special lessons and supplementary lessons(r=.472), the case they don't like attend at work (r=-.439), discriminatory treatment(r=-.25l), respectability on the senior dental hygienists(r=.464), a social status of a dental hygienist(r=.213), the degree of satisfaction from the relationship with other dental hygienists(r=.274), the degree of understanding which clinical training institutions have on the trained students(r=.494), trainers' ability to teach the students(r=.499). enthusiasm on guiding (r=.523), the amount of assignment(r=.333). 5. In the study on stress they got from a clinical training, it has relatively high connections with learning contents(r=-.399). learning methods(r=-.536), comprehension on training program(r=-.208), special lessons and supplementary lessons(r=-.306), the case they don't like attend at work(r=.467), discriminatory treatment(r=.366), respectability on the senior dental hygienists(r=-.341), a social status of a dental hygienist(r=-.l97), the degree of satisfaction from the relationship with another dental hygienists(r=-.289), the degree of understanding which clinical training institutions have on the trained students(r=-.430), trainers' ability to teach the students(r=-.396), enthusiasm on guiding(r=-.495).

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.59-68
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• 2011

Objectives : To investigate the knowledge and recognition level of fluorine by teaching career among class teachers, who are primarily responsible for oral health education, despite lack of expertise in oral health, by playing a model role for students through continuous contacts with them, and provide basic elementary data about accurate knowledge and how to correctly use fluorine remarkably effective in preventing dental caries. Methods : A self-administered survey was conducted with 539 teachers at 21 elementary schools in Jinhae City from September 1 to October 15, 2010, drawing the following conclusions. Results : 1. As for the channel for acquiring knowledge of oral health, the highest frequency was found in health programs for respondents with less than 9 years of career, in dental clinics for those with 20 to 29 years of career, and in PR booklets for those with 10 to 19 years and 30 years and longer of career. 2. Use of fluorine-containing toothpaste and fluorine spread is very effective and effective in preventing dental caries got 64.9%, 72.2%, 72.3%, 77.7% and 54.0%, 63.1%, 62.2%, 69.7%, respectively, among elementary school teachers with less than 9 years, 10 to 19 years, 20 to 29 years, and 30 years and longer of career. 3. Intake of fluoride and toothbrushing with fluoric solution is very effective and effective in preventing dental caries got 33.3%, 40.1%, 39.5%, 55.3% and 50.0%, 54.9%, 48.8%, 69.7%, respectively, among elementary school teachers with less than 9 years, 10 to 19 years, 20 to 29 years, and 30 years and longer of career. 4. Use of fluoric tablets is very effective and effective in preventing dental caries got 32.9%, 36.0%, 36.1%, 47.3%, respectively, among elementary school teachers with less than 9 years, 10 to 19 years, 20 to 29 years, and 30 years and longer of career. 5. Most of the elementary school teachers knew the fact that fluorine increases dental resistance to cavity and prevents bacterial growth but gave incorrect responses to properties of becoming basic nutrients or inducing recalcification. Conclusions : Various types of application of fluorine during the elementary-level childhood experiencing the most frequent dental caries will be very useful in improving oral health in the future. It is necessary to enable class teachers to get correct recognition of fluorine through supplementary and job training based on technical knowledge and various educational materials so that they, who are directly responsible for health management through continuous contacts with students, can understand how to correctly use fluorine and get accurate knowledge.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.21-29
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to explore supporting strategies for teaching and learning based on students' effect recognition and continuous intention in college flipped learning. It was analyzed 426 data by multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) by examining student's effect recognition and continuous intention on 15 flipped learning classes of K-university in Chungnam. The characteristics of learners were male, senior students, students who knew flipped learning, students who did not have previous experience, and students who were learning video at anytime. As a teaching strategy, it was found that effect recognition and continuous intention were high in the supplementary deepening flipped learning class and natural science or engineering area. As a teaching and learning supporting strategies, First, the university should develop and operate flipped class learning strategy program for females and low-grade students. Second, it should support the development of good flipped learning design and operation model of instructor. Third, it should support the development of high quality online learning contents that students can learn from time to time. Fourth, it should support the strengthening of teaching competency to develop and operate flipped learning classes. This study can be used as basic data to support and spread the effective flipped learning classes of the university in the future.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.187-201
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to examine the satisfaction for college life and oral prophylaxis subject and improve the satisfaction for this subject by satisfying students' desire through the results of correlation, and to inspire a professional sense by helping students enjoy healthy college life. In order to achieve these purposes, 127 senior students of the Dental Hygiene Department, Kwangju Health College took part in this study to examine the satisfaction for a study course, a lab, professors, a college, and subjects. The following results were obtained. 1. The overall satisfaction for the Dental Hygiene Department was 2.83 and the highest dissatisfaction factors included difficult subjects and non-aptitude. The overall satisfaction for professors was 3.33 and students wanted professors' human contact with students and a well-prepared lecture. The overall satisfaction for college life was 2.65, suggesting not very high satisfaction, and the highest dissatisfaction factors included similar life to high school and surrounding environment. 2. The overall satisfaction for theory was 3.83 and for practice was 3.91 in oral prophylaxis. While the highest satisfaction was found in 'the objective and direction of class' and 'class and a supplementary lesson in not giving a lecture', the lowest satisfaction was found in 'experience in reading textbook-related materials or books'. 3. The correlation of the satisfaction of theory and practice of oral prophylaxis was examined. The satisfaction of oral prophylaxis theory was positively correlated with a school course, professors, and college, while the satisfaction of oral prophylaxis practice was positively correlated with a school course, professors, college, satisfaction of oral prophylaxis theory, and present health condition(p<0.05). 4. Factors influencing the satisfaction for the theory of oral prophylaxis included professors, while factors influencing the satisfaction for the practice were statistically significant in professors and health condition(p<0.05). Based on these results, in order for professional dental hygienists to be developed as professionals serving society, it is recommended to enhance the satisfaction for an oral prophylaxis subject and that professors should provide warm-hearted support and become a role model as an educator.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.75-82
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• 2011

There is the uncertain period of the construction in case of the products meeting the quality standard of KS M 6080, the quality is degraded because of the abrasive loss of the paint caused by vehicle tires as the traffic amount increases and of the loss and detachment of the glass beads providing the retroreflective function. The abrupt degradation of visibility causes the high frequency of traffic accidents at night and increases the traffic accident rate. Additional supplementary construction induces the direct material and construction costs. As the more cost induction effect than the direct cost, the traffic jam caused by the additional construction increases the indirect social costs such as time cost and vehicle cost. Hence, the study is concerned with performing the abrasion resistance test based on the EN 1436 standard to check and improve the quality of various road marking materials resulting in improving the durability of road marking materials. However, even though the difference in the durability lifetime of resins(binders) is bibliographically or theoretically clear, there was no difference in the durability lifetime (retroreflectivity aspect) of the road marking paint using these binders. The reason is that the bonding of beads was very insufficient or that the cross density caused by crack or freshness was low. Moreover, the measured wet retroreflectivity was distributed as the Rw3 or higher class in average on the basis of EN 1436 but was very insufficient on the basis of the minimum wet threshold retroreflectivity with 100mcd/($m^2{\cdot}lx$) managed overseas.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.83-92
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• 2013

An emerging learning method, flipped learning, has gained much interest lately due to its process involving prior study followed by the students' classroom involvement, which direction matches that of the current educational policy that emphasizes self-directed learning. This study investigated the concept of flipped learning and explored ways to develop instructional design models that utilize it. Flipped learning is not a model that has been recently developed, as it uses the format of blended learning with the introduction of a new concept of prior learning that allows students to learn in advance through online lessons and video clips related with the classroom content to be covered. During class time, individualized supplementary or in-depth study is conducted on the basis of the students' prior learning. The main considerations for designing flipped learning are a flexible classroom environment, a shift in learning culture, intentional classroom content, and educators equipped with professional capability. The research proposes the development of instructional design models for flipped learning pursuant to such concept and considerations. Through this research, the concept of flipped learning can be comprehended; furthermore, flipped learning can be utilized more effectively in the teaching and learning environment.