• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.471-478
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• 1993

Culicoides arakawae is a kind of the main blood sucking insects of domestic fowls and serves as a vector of Leukocytozoom caulleryi, the causative protozoon of chicken leukocytozoonosis. In this study, the complete life history of C arakawae was cycled by laboratory colonization. Adult midges were collected from various poultry farm by light trap. The laboratory colonization was performed under the conditions of constant temperature of $25{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ and relative humidity of 80% or above. The hatched larvae were cultured in larval medium consisted of rice field mud and activated charcoal powder. The surface of medium was continuously flowed with biologically conditioned water. The fine powder meal composed of pellet feed for mice and equal mount of yeast was supplied for feeding larvae at every 72 hours. The life cycle completed at $25^{\circ}C$ in 35~35 days ; the period of preoviposition, egg. larval and pupal stage was 2~3, 3~4, 28~30 and 3 days, respectively. The measurements of the eggs, the lst instar larvae, the 4th instar larvae and pupae was $36.28{\mu}m{\pm}1.95$, $13.58{\mu}m{\pm}0.72$, $4000{\mu}m{\pm}1.47$ and $219.95{\mu}m{\pm}6.25$ in $mean{\pm}S.D.$, respectively. In order to confirm experimental colonization of C arakawae in laboratory, the colonized adult midges were allowed to suck blood from chicken infected with L caulleryi. The oocysts and sporozoites could be identified in midguts and salivary grands of engorged midges at 72 hours after blood sucking.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.807-814
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• 2021

This study sought to evaluate the effects of fermented soybean meal (FSBM) prepared by inoculating Bacillus coagulans NRR1207 and a Kefir starter on sows and Holstein cow's. FSBM has high nutritional value due to the hydrolysis of anti-nutritional factors such as trypsin inhibitors, hemagglutinin, raffinose and stachyose. In particular, it is widely used as a type of livestock feed due to its high protein content. The composition of FSBM is as follows: crude protein 55.15%, crude fat 2.12% and 0.2% KOH solubility 83.17%, it was higher than soybean meal (SBM). In particular, anti-nutritional factors such as trypsin inhibitor, raffinose and stachyose of FSBM were significantly reduced compared to the SBM. The number of lactic acid bacteria, including B. coagulans NRR1207, is 8.63 × 10⁷ CFU·g^-1, yeast is 1.1 × 10⁶ CFU·g^-1. Offspring numbers, the initial sucking number, sucking days, and weaned numbers of sows fed with FSBM all showed higher values compared to the control group. The average body weight and backfat thickness of sows fed with FSBM increased than those fed with SBM. The weight body of piglets fed with FSBM increased by 1.4 kg compared to the control group. The feed conversion ratio of piglets fed with FSBM was reduced by 10.69% compared to the control group. The results of this study indicate that FSBM can provide beneficial effects with regard to the feeding characteristics of sows and piglets.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.158-160
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• 2001

Ankyloglossia is the presence of a lingual frenulum, which can range from a mucous membrane band to a short and thick band and, in extreme cases, to fusion of the tongue to the floor of the mouth. The effects of such a condition, in addition to speech defects and occasionally restriction of sucking, including dental deformities, such as open bite, or even prognathism. Treatment is surgical. The preferred treatment is horizontal sectioning of the frenulum down to the lingual septum and then suturing of the mucosa. The main problem after the healing of surgical wound is adhesion and contracture. Adhesion restrict the movement of tongue like tongue-tie. Z-plasty at the site of incision can solve this problem by changing the direction of scar. We have experienced a patient with ankyloglossia with speech defect, who underwent frenuloomy by Z-plasty. So we present a surgical treatment of Ankyloglossia using Z-plasty and discuss the treatment with a review of literature.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.31-46
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• 1991

Aeromonas hydrophila which bacause various diseases in human also infects fresh water fish, severly damaging the fishing industries. To prevent disease in humans and reduce damaging on the fishing industries, We have examined several characteristics of Aeromonas hydrophila and obtained the following results. All of the strains gave a posive voges-proskauer, methyl-red, salicin and esculin reaction. Seventeen(94.4%) A. hydrophila strains presented the phenotype SP-PAB- in autoagglut-ination test, but only strain AH 997 showed $SP^{+}PAB^{+}$. in autoagglut ination test, but only strain AH 997 $SP^{+}PAB^{+}$ All of the strains took up the censored to various degrees. Three of 18 strains showed positive reaction in crystal violet binding test. Hemolytic activity ranged from titers of 0 to 1/256. Seven of the 17(38.8%) A. hydrophila strains were positive in sucking mouse assay. Cytotoxin activity on vero and RK cells was displayed various titers.(1/2-1/1024)

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.95-122
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• 2014

Six new species of copepods associated with polychaetes are described from Korea. Included are Indoclausia bipartita n. sp., Clausia parva n. sp., and Maxilliclausia propria n. gen. n. sp. in the Clausiidae; Pseudanthessius excertus n. sp. in the Pseudanthessiidae; and Polyankylis ovilaxa n. sp. and Sewelloya plana n. gen. n. sp. in the Polyankyliidae. The new genus Maxilliclausia has a peculiar maxilla in which the distal segment forms a sucking disk, a non-prehensile antenna, vestigial legs 3 and 5, and lacks a maxilliped and leg 4. The two new species of the Polyankyllidae are discovered as external associates of terebellid polychaetes. The new genus Sewelloya has a simple female maxilliped bearing only two small setae on its terminal segment, an uniramous leg 4 bearing 1-segmented exopod, and a reduced leg 5 represented by three setae. The genera Terebelliphilus Kim, 2001 which was originally placed in the Sabelliphilidae, and Octophiophora Stock, 1988 and Stockia Sebastian and Pillai, 1974, both of the latters with uncertain familial positions, are transferred to the Polyankyliidae. A key to five genera of the Polyankyliidae are provided.

• BMB Reports
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.261-264
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• 1995

The lipids of a Korean native blood-sucking leech (Hirudo nipponia) were isolated and analyzed. Cholesterol, fatty acids, triglycerides, glycerylether diester and cholesteryl esters were found from epidennal extracts. The major fatty acids in the leech skin were $C_{16:0}$, $C_{18:0}$, $C_{20:1}$. $C_{20:3}$ components. These components were derived from cholesteryl esters, glycerides, fatty acids and other polar lipids. After 60 days fasting, cholesterol, fatty acids and triglycerides in the skin were reduced in number and the total fatty acid composition was changed slightly. The data of total fatty acids in fasted and fed leech showed that medium-chain fatty acids were more affected than long-chain fatty acids. Other trace fatty acids appeared to be decreased by fasting.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.1385-1394
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• 2014

Metcalfa pruinosa was considered to be a very harmful invasive species, due to its high species density in nature and wide range of its host plants. M. pruinosa was distributed in 28 sites among 143 sites. M. pruinosa has wide range and diverse host plants of 52 families 110 species including crop, fruits and forest trees. At present, the identified host plant of M. pruinosa are composed of 62 families and 145 species in total since their first appearance was reported. M. pruinosa was found in roadside 46.7%, followed by forests 33.3% and orchard 20%. Nymphs and adults cause damage to crop and orchard by sucking juice, outbreak of fungi through secretion of wax, and reduction of plant assimilation due to the nectar of nymphs. Also, it reduces the merchantable quality of fruits and thus causes economic damage. It is judged that M. pruinosa has been moved along major road via the traffic vehicles.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.203-205
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• 2000

This paper deals with human nursing and milking. We have made clear the principle of milking of human babies that consists of biting force, sucking pressure and movement of tongue. Base on this observation, the tongue mechanism was proposed. Then new type milking machine was developed and helpful milking was realized by controlling it with reference to human babies behavior. The experimental result of milking from nursing bottles and breast of mothers are shown in this paper. According to the result, the machine has almost same ability as babies.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.101-120
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• 2014

The nature of the exotic stellar corpses which reincarnate by consuming their companion is reviewed. Apart from sucking life from their partners, they are actually eating the doomed companions away by their deadly and powerful particle/radiation beams. Such situation resembles that a female "black widow" spider that eats its mate after mating. These celestial zombies are called - Millisecond pulsars (MSPs). In this review article, I will focus on the effort of Fermi Asian Network (FAN) in exploring these intricating objects over the last five years. Two special classes of MSPs are particularly striking. Since Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope has started surveying the gamma-ray sky, the population of "black widows" has been boosted. Another dramatic class is so-called "redbacks" (Australian cousin of "black widows") which has just emerged in the last few years. These MSPs provide us with a long-sought missing link in understanding the transition between accretion-powered and rotation-powered systems. The strategy of hunting MSPs through mulitwavelength observations of the unidentified Fermi objects is also reviewed.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.322-329
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• 2013

Among the occlusal discrepancies, maxillary transverse deficiency is quite common in several reasons. The reasons are comprised of maxillary hypoplasia, thumb sucking habits, non-syndromic palatal synostosis and syndromal patients including cleft patients. Orthodontic treatment is used routinely to correct a deficiency in young patients while it has limitations for a skeletally mature patient. Surgical treatments help provide effective maxillary expansion to correct a deficiency in adults. Surgical methods can be categorized to segmental Le Fort I osteotomy and surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion(SARME). Both methods seem successful but each method would have its own indication. We give a review on transverse maxillary deficiency and two surgical methods.