• 한국기후변화학회지
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.37-46
• /
• 2014

본 논문은 다항 로짓, 순서형 로짓모형을 이용하여 기후변화에 대한 농업인의 인지도에 어떠한 변수가 영향을 미치는가에 관한 요인분석을 하였다. 주요 분석 결과로는 첫째, 농업인의 85.7%는 기후변화를 인지하는 것으로 나타났으며, 85.8%는 향후 10년 이내에 농업에서 기후변화에 대한 영향이 나타날 것으로 예상하고 있었다. 둘째, 지난 20년 동안 기후변화로 인한 기온, 강수량, 병해충 발생 횟수, 이상기상의 횟수가 증가했다고 응답한 농업인이 80% 이상으로 나타나, 농업인 대부분이 기후변화를 깊이 체감하고 있는 것으로 판단된다. 셋째, 영농경력이 길수록, 학력이 높을수록, 영농승계자가 있으며, 컴퓨터를 사용하는 농업인일수록 기후변화가 농업에 본격적으로 영향을 미치는데, 소요되는 기간은 길어질 것으로 예상하였다. 넷째, 농업인의 가족 수가 많을수록, 학력이 높을수록 평균온도의 상승에 대하여 더 민감하게 인지하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 동남아시아연구
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.1-29
• /
• 2010

In 1835, quickly after the Cambodian king Ang Chan died, Vietnamese emperor Minh Mang started to proceed his ambition to grab the territory of Cambodia. As the first step, he stationed big forces led by Truong Minh Giang in Phnom Phen, and appointed the Ang Chan's second daughter, Mei, as the successor of her father but with the humble title of Chan Lap Quan Chu, or the Prefecture sovereign of Cambodia. This article discusses the ways how the Vietnamese leaders manipulated the status of the Cambodian queen with each step of protection, assimilation, and finally a rupture. The author seeks for Vietnamese own theory of annexation in the process. In doing so, the author claims that Vietnamese tough policy of annexation was closely interwoven with the unequal relationship between the Vietnamese emperors and the Cambodian queen, i. e. men and woman. The first chapter discusses how and why the second daughter was chosen, and what in reality the status of the queen was under the protection of Vietnamese general Truong Minh Giang. Second chapter shows how much Mei was bullied by the Vietnamese. She was kidnapped to Vietnam, and was even regarded by the Cambodian people that she became the 'lover' or the 'concubine' of the general Truong Minh Giang. Third chapter deals with Vietnam's retreat forced by the Cambodian resistance together with the Thai intervention, and discusses how much Vietnam tried to maintain its authority over Cambodia through the queen Mei. Cambodia, in the 19th century, was a experimental place for the 'mission of civilization' from the side of Vietnam. Mei was a main character in this period from the beginning to the end. The conclusion of this article stresses that the desire of Vietnam ('civilized') to assimilate Cambodia ('barbarious') was strengthened by the psychology of the male master (Vietnam) to domesticate the female subject (Cambodia). The relationship between Vietnam and Cambodia was not only political but also gender oriented. In this epic, the existence of the queen Mei should be regarded as an important key to understanding of the Vietnamese theory for the annexation of Cambodia.

• 정보보호학회논문지
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.95-103
• /
• 2006

IPv6는 IPv4의 문제점을 해결하기 위해 설계된 새로운 인터넷 프로토콜이다. IPv4에서 IPv6로 새롭게 변경된 부분 중, 주소자동설정기능에 대해 살펴본다. IPv6에서는 NDP 메커니즘을 이용하여 네트워크 정보를 수집하여 주소를 설정한다. 현재의 표준안에는 NDP 프로토콜에 대한 보안방안으로 IPsec AH 메시지를 사용할 것으로 정의되어있으나, 초기 주소설정과 정에서는 주소가 없는 상태이므로 어떠한 보안연계도 적용할 수 없다. 이외에도 현재 NDP 프로토콜에서의 많은 보안문제점이 지적되고 있으며, 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 SEND 프로토콜이 제안되었다. 본 논문에서는 NDP와 SEND 프로토콜상의 보안문제점을 분석하고, 이러한 공격에 대한 근본적인 문제점에 해당되는 IP 스푸핑 공격을 방지하기 위한 방안으로서, PKC와 AC 방식을 이용한 수정된 NDP 프로토콜을 제안한다.

• 한국조경학회지
• /
• 제48권6호
• /
• pp.39-47
• /
• 2020

이 논문은 북한에서 출판된 문헌에서 '경관'이 지칭하는 대상과 글의 맥락을 시대적 흐름에 따라 파악함으로써 북한 내 '경관'의 사회적·문화적 기의를 읽고자 했다. 이를 위해, 먼저 연속 간행물과 신문 기사에서 '경관'이 무엇을 서술하기 위한 단어로 사용됐는지를 경관의 종류에 따라 나누었고, 이를 시대의 흐름에 따라 파악했다. 그 결과, 북한에서 '경관'이 가지는 사회적·문화적 의미는 '정통성 투영의 대상', '도시로 확장된 시각성', '가시화된 사회주의 선경'으로 나눠 해석할 수 있다. 먼저, 백두산에 관한 글에서 '경관'은 후계자의 정통성을 입증하는 매개체로 사용됐다. 다음으로, 김정은 체제에서 '경관'은 인간의 경제적 활동에 의한 시각적 작용의 결과물까지를 서술하는 단어로 사용됐다. 마지막으로, 경관 차원의 성과를 가시화하는 방법으로, 김정은 집권 시기에는 '사회주의 선경'과 같은 경관 서열화의 용어를 채택했다. 이는 과거의 것과 명확히 구분되는 경관의 가시화 장치의 하나로 풀이할 수 있다.

• 품질경영학회지
• /
• 제50권2호
• /
• pp.265-286
• /
• 2022

Purpose: The time and cost of a project activity exists in a selected mode and there is a quality level for the selected mode, and the time and cost of the current activity is determined by the quality level of the preceding activity. When an activity is a predecessor activity of an activity, it is characterized as a trade-off problem in which the time and cost of the activity are determined according to the quality level of the activity. Methods: A neighbor search heuristic algorithm obtains a solution by (1) randomly determining the mode, quality level, and assignment order for each activity. (2) get a solution by improving the solution by changing the possible modes and quality levels; (3) to find a solution by improving the solution from the point where it is feasible to advance the start time. Here, Case[1] is a method to find the optimal solution value after repeating (1). Case [2] is a method for finding a solution including (1) and (2). Case [3] refers to a method for finding solutions including (1), (2), and (3). Results: It can be seen that the value of the objective function presented by the algorithm changes depending on how the model of the heuristic algorithm is designed and applied. In other words, it suggests the importance of algorithm design and proves the importance of the quality problem of activities in the project schedule. Conclusion: A study significance of the optimization algorithm and the heuristic algorithm was applied to the effect of the quality of the preceding activity on the duration and cost of itself and the succeeding activity, which was not addressed in the project schedule problem.

• 유통과학연구
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2022

Purpose: Increasing advancements in the technology industry are forcing people to become more accustomed to digital financial transaction activities. The need for fast and secure payment mechanisms has birthing new idea to digital financial transaction services. Along with increasing access to technology in digital payments, new service is developed in the form of digital wallets as the successor for electronic money. Research design, data and methodology: This research aims to find out whether using QR code as digital payment tool can build customer loyalty in consumers, especially to measure the factors of satisfaction, trust and commitment of customers to do payments with QR Codes. The QR code in this study is refer to the Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard (QRIS) which was officially implemented by Bank Indonesia starting on January 1, 2020 as a means of payment for digital transactions nationally. The research method uses a quantitative approach by way of surveying questionnaires using Likert scale of 100 samples. Results: The hypothesis analysis proved that the variables of satisfaction, trust and commitment together have positive and significant influences on customer loyalty. Conclusion: This research found that there are high interest in Millennials to do transaction using QRIS because it is deemed to be more easy, quick and safe. If a customer achieves a level of loyalty in the usage of digital transaction using QRIS then cashless society lifestyle can be considered successful and can be used in the future.

• 수완나부미
• /
• 제1권2호
• /
• pp.1-20
• /
• 2009

This research tries to review the history and concepts of Thai temple mural painting. According to the research results, the history of Thai mural painting dates back to the late 14th century when Wat Chedi Chet Taeo in Si Satchanalai was built. The Sinhalese elements embedded in the Sukhothai murals are also found in the Ayuthayan stupa murals made in the early 15th century. The mid 18th century's Burmese invasion into Ayuthaya destroyed most of Buddhist temples in the Kingdom of Ayuthaya and as a result, Buddhist murals of the late Ayuthayan age are hardly found except for some temple murals located outside of the capital. The late Ayuthayan murals are much different from the early Ayuthayan murals in that they are narrative in depicting Jataka and the life of Lord Buddha. This classical mural painting culminated in the age of Rama III of Bangkok Dynasty. His successor Rama IV undertook westernized reforms which influenced the area of traditional mural painting. Consequently, new western style Buddhist mural paintings were produced while themes of mural painting were enlarged to the other subjects such as historical recording of royal and social events. This trend continued in the age of Rama V but the development of Thai Buddhist mural painting discontinued after the death of Rama V due to the rapid westernization and decrease of illiteracy. The existing Buddhist murals produced on or before the reign of Rama V are deteriorating and disappearing. The reasons for this are partly because of Thailand's humid climate. However, some social backgrounds such as the lack of concern for preserving old Buddhist murals can not be disregarded. Considering the substantial value of Thai Buddhist murals as a cultural resource in Thai society, it is very urgent to establish appropriate conservation policy for them.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.177-192
• /
• 2023

A prerequisite for a lasting ceasefire is the emergence of a prevailing view in Moscow and Kyiv that the fighting has reached a hurting stalemate. In sum, they both lose more through continuing warfare than by a ceasefire. This study applies social identity dynamics of nationalism to this escalatory conflict. It generates findings that imply that China as a third-party great power intervening mediator can potentially play a pivotal role. Shifting the respective prevailing views in Moscow and Kyiv of their interaction from a zero-sum foundation requires proffering powerful economic and political third-party incentives. Effective inducement would facilitate national defense, development and prestige for Moscow as well as Kyiv. China arguably has the underutilized potential power capabilities necessary to alter the respective prevailing views of strategic relationships among the great powers within Moscow, Brussels and Washington. A prerequisite for success in striving effectively towards this strategic goal is cooperation with the Beijing despite skepticism from Washington. This study utilizes a process tracing methodological approach. It highlights that the foundations of the Russo-Ukraine war lie in the institutionalization within Euro-Atlantic integration of the Cold War assumption that the USSR was an imperialist revisionist actor. Russia is the USSR's successor state. Moscow's prevailing view is that Russian national self-determination was unjustly circumscribed in the multinational Soviet totalitarian Communist system. The Euro-Atlantic community is perceived as a neocolonial imperial threat by allying with post-1991 Ukrainian nationalism at Russia's expense. The study finds that acknowledging Eurasian regional multipolarity is necessary, if not sufficient, to coopt Beijing into a global political stabilization strategy. It functionally aims to promote international balancing to lessen potentials for horizontal as well as vertical escalation of the Russo-Ukrainian conflict.

• Animal Bioscience
• /
• 제37권4_spc호
• /
• pp.775-785
• /
• 2024

Pork production is a significant agricultural enterprise in the United States and Canada. The United States is the third-largest global producer of pork and Canada ranks seventh in pork production. The North American Free Trade Agreement and its successor, the U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement, have facilitated trade and integration between the two countries. The majority of production systems are modern and intensive, characterized by large vertically integrated farms using advanced technologies. Both nations benefit from their status as major producers of feed grains, with the United States leading in corn and soybeans, while Canada excels in canola and barley production. The regulatory frameworks for food safety, animal welfare, and environmental stewardship differ slightly, with the FDA and USDA overseeing these aspects in the United States, and Health Canada and the Canada Food Inspection Agency in Canada. The United States and Canada also have well-established distribution networks for pork products, relying on both domestic and international markets. Export markets play a crucial role, with the United States being a major importer of Canadian pigs, and both countries exploring opportunities in Asia. Despite a rise in global demand, domestic pork consumption trends differ, with per capita consumption remaining stable in the USA and declining in Canada. Changing consumer preferences, including a demand for ethically raised and locally sourced pork, may influence production practices. Future trends in pig production include a focus on consumer concerns, sustainability, disease prevention, reduction of antimicrobial use, and advancements in technology. The industry is adapting to challenges such as disease outbreaks and changing regulations, with a strong emphasis on animal welfare. Labor and workforce considerations, along with advancements in technology and automation, are expected to shape the efficiency of pork production in the future.

• 한국통신학회논문지
• /
• 제38C권12호
• /
• pp.1134-1149
• /
• 2013

Pub/sub 기술은 메시지 기반으로 데이터 생성자의 위치, 시간, 동기화 등에 대한 데이터에 제한 없이 접근할 수 있게 하는 특징을 가지므로, 데이터 중심 서비스를 위한 미들웨어 구축 기술로 널리 활용되고 있다. 국제 표준화 기구인 OMG (Object Management Group)에서 정의한 DDS (Data Distribution Service)는 pub/sub 기반의 미들웨어 기술로서, 미국 군용 장비의 표준 미들웨어로 채택되는 등 그 유용성이 높이 인정받고 있다. 그러나 publisher와 subscriber가 밀집된 환경에서는, 시스템 초기 부팅 시에 시스템 내 data 생산과 소비 주체가 되는 Participant와 Endpoint들을 탐색하는 과정에서의 지연 시간이 길다는 문제점을 갖고 있다. 본 논문에서는 지역적으로는 넓지 않지만 시스템 내의 Participant와 Endpoint의 수가 밀집된 환경에서의 탐색 시간을 줄일 수 있는 방안을 제시한다. 기존의 DDS 표준에서 정의하고 있는 표준 탐색 단계인 Participant 탐색 단계와 Endpoint 탐색 단계를 통합하고 분산 해쉬 기법의 Successor 개념을 도입하여 각 Participant마다 메시지를 전달해야 하는 대상의 수를 줄였다. 메시지 전달대상의 수를 줄임으로써 전송 프로토콜로 TCP를 적용하는 것이 가능해져, 메시지 전달의 신뢰성을 높일 수 있었다. 네트워크 시뮬레이터를 통한 성능 평가에서 본 연구에서 제안한 기법이 기존 기법에 비해 10%의 탐색 시간으로 시스템 내 Participant와 Endpoint를 발견할 수 있었다.