• 한국생활과학회지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.255-266
• /
• 2015

In this study, we have developed the ergonomic pattern from the 3D human body reflecting cycling posture and extensibility of the stretch fabrics. Adjusting pressure level in the construction of athlete's tight-fitting stretch garments by reducing the original pattern is a challenging subject, which influence on the performance of the wearer directly. Therefore, in this study, relationships between the reduction rates of the 2D pattern obtained from the 3D human scan and resultant clothing pressure were explored to improve the fit and pressure exerted by reduced clothing pattern. Subjective wear sensations of the experimental garments were rated using a seven-point Likert scale on two consecutive days. While wearing the garments, subjects were asked to take five different postures including waist flexion, sitting and others. A Likert-type scale was used for the evaluation, with 7 points indicating the best fit in tight-fitting pants. Comparing 2/3T-pattern with T-pattern, the latter was superior to 2/3T-pattern in terms of adhere well to the waist and hip area in the 0.032 significance level. T-pattern was superior to 2/3T-pattern in terms of fitting and wear comfort. As results, the pattern obtained from the flexed body reflecting cycling posture already included the contraction and extension of the skin while cycling posture, so that the extra ease for movement and good fit was not need to be considered. The optimized reduction rates were determined with the proposed reduction rate, the resultant pressure range was within the range of $0.5{\sim}3.0gf/cm^2$ at eight locations on the body except front waist band and thigh band.

• 감성과학
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2013

본 연구에서는 인체 상 하체에 대한 적정 의복압값과 평소 착용습관에 따른 주관적 압박감의 차이를 알아보기 위해 30-40대 중년여성을 대상으로 거들과 웨이스트 니퍼를 착용한 후 압력값과 주관적 압박감을 측정하였다. 또한 화운데이션 착용 시 주관적 압박감에 영향을 미치는 제반 요소(자세변화, 착용시간, 심호흡 등)에 대하여 알아보고자 의복압과 주관적 압박감를 측정하고 분석하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 적정 의복압의 평균 결과 거들은 $2.1{\pm}0.8$ kPa, 웨이스트 니퍼는 $1.5{\pm}0.8$ kPa로 하체의 적정 평균 의복압이 상체에 비하여 높게 나타났으며, 하체보다는 상체에서 평소 느슨하게 입을수록 압박 수준에 대한 민감도가 컸다. 화운데이션 착용습관 조사를 통해 느슨하게 입는 그룹을 'loosely', 조여입는 그룹을 'tightly'로 분류하여 압력값과 주관적 평가의 상관관계를 살펴본 결과 'loosely' 그룹에서 객관적 압력값과 주관적 평가 간에 또한 주관적 평가와 선호도 간에 상관계수가 더 높게 나타나 평소의 착용습관이 압박감각에 영향을 미침을 알 수 있었다. 자세(선 자세, 앉은 자세)에 따른 압력값의 변화는 웨이스트 니퍼에서만 유의한 차이가 나타나(p=.001), 웨이스트 니퍼 설계 시 적정 의복압을 유지하기 위한 주의를 거들보다 더 기울여야 함을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 시간이 지남에 따라 실제 압력값은 변화가 없었으나 주관적 압박감은 대체적으로 적응을 하여 장기간 착용 시 생리적으로 부정적 영향을 미쳐도 인식하지 못할 수 있음을 알 수 있다.

• 한국의류산업학회지
• /
• 제13권5호
• /
• pp.759-768
• /
• 2011

This study is designed to understand current wearing conditions of air force mechanic parkas and evaluate their functionality by examining the wearing conditions and wearers' subjective assessment. By doing so, it also intends to identify issues that require improvements; and to provide basic data for future development of air force mechanic parkas. A survey was conducted as a study methodology, and the collected 1,628 questionnaires were analyzed. Findings of this study are as follows. 1. In the usability assessment, it was found that visibility of body sides was needed to be enhanced since reflective tapes were attached only to the front and back of the body; pockets were too big, but not convenient to keep mechanic tools; the design of hiding hood was not suitable for water-proof clothing; and a new design of size-controllable hood was called for since the hood blocked eye sight. With respect to the fabric, dissatisfaction was identified with durability, cold-proof and fire-proof features. 2. In the mobility assessment, respondents showed low satisfaction with collar heights and neck girths. Mobility score was over moderate level on average, except the parka length that obstructs wearers' movement, and neck and collar size. 3. In the wearability assessment, respondents presented moderate satisfaction with pleasantness, weight, pressure and dampness. However, insulation was found unsatisfactory. Based on the result, this study proposed improvement plans on design, pattern and fabric; and is expected to serve as basic data for developing more effective and functional air force mechanic parkas.

• 한국의류산업학회지
• /
• 제23권6호
• /
• pp.781-789
• /
• 2021

To enhance the design and comfort of waist-protection corsets, this study analyzed the product characteristics of five types of posture-correction corsets that are available commercially. Additionally, subjective evaluation of the corsets was conducted on women aged 20 to 60 years, in terms of design, material preference, fit, comfort, degree of correction, freedom of movement, tightness, and convenience of front fastening. Following product analysis, the five corset types were divided into: two soft, one semi-hard, and two hard types in terms of the degree of elongation. As a result of pattern analysis, the soft type was designed to improve fit by reflecting the body curvature, whereas the semi-hard and hard types were relatively flat. Through the wearing sensation assessment, the hard type manufactured by company S was the best in terms of design, material, fit, comfort, correction degree, and freedom of movement. The soft type was average in design, material, and fit while relatively poor in the correction degree and tightness. The results indicated that soft materials, flexible bones with appropriate tension, patterns designed to snugly fit the body with large curvature at the top and bottom for better inflection, and adjustable support belts that can be double-fixed are crucial elements in improving the corset design to boost the comfort of wearing. These study results are helpful in the development of waist-protection corsets with excellent wearing comfort and design appreciated by customers.

• 한국의류산업학회지
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.459-467
• /
• 2019

Compression wear provides clothing pressure and affects how blood flows. Facilitating a blood flow is one of the most important functions of compression wear. The wearer's sensibility should be considered when designing compression wear. This study instructed participants to put on 5 types of sport compression wear with different pressure levels (CP-1 to CP-5), measured clothing pressure, blood flow level, blood flow rate, and surface temperature, and examined the pressure level that influenced blood flow through a subjective sensibility assessment. An experiment measured the clothing pressure of compression wear available in the market and found that the pressure ranged 0.6-1.1 kPa for the ankle, 0.7-2.3 kPa for the calf, and 0.9-1.9 kPa for the thigh. Meanwhile, blood flow levels and rates significantly increased when participants wore CP-1, which had the highest clothing pressure level, and CP-2 and CP-4 with middle-level pressure. After exercise, CP-2's surface temperature was the highest and revealed that wearing CP-2 facilitated blood flow. CP-2 was evaluated as most positive in the sensibility assessment and showed a clothing pressure of 0.67-1.82 kPa; its pressure for the calf did not surpass 2.0 kPa. Considering positive physical effect of compression wear on blood flow and subjective psychological effect on participants, CP-2 (0.67-1.82 kPa) would have the most suitable clothing pressure level among other types of the wear in this study.

• 한국생활과학회지
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.397-404
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study is to analyze the subjective sensations and preference for spring/fall casual cotton shirt fabrics, and to assist in developing shirt fabrics that offer maximum comfort in wearing sensation. The subjects of this study were male and female college students who assessed the tactile sensation of seven types of spring/fall shirt fabrics available on the market: plain weave and rib weave made of cotton and that of cotton mixed fabrics. The subjects were university students between the ages of 20 to 23, who were residing in the city of Cheongju, Korea. The questionnaires related to the fabrics hand were evaluated using a nine point bi-polar scale of 9 descriptive terms. Mean, t-test, F-test and $X^2$ were used for data analysis. The fabric hand evaluation on the seven types of shirts showed a significant difference in all of the 9 descriptive terms. There were partially significant differences in the subjective sensations according to fabric characteristics regarding shirt fabrics. As regards the difference in fabric hand according to gender, female students responded with more receptiveness and sensitivity than male students in the category of woven fabric evaluation. In particular, female students responded with more sensitivity to the sensation of dense and wrinkle sensations. There were significant differences in the purchase preference according to gender regarding casual shirt fabrics. Plain weave fabrics made of cotton was most preferred among male students, whereas rib weave fabrics made of cotton/polyester was most preferred among female students.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제36권11호
• /
• pp.1174-1185
• /
• 2012

This study develops tight-fitting upper clothing to measure electrocardiography (ECG) data. Taking into consideration the elasticity of the clothing, we made 4 experimental clothes by applying to each a weft reduction rate of 40%, 50%, 60%, and 70%. The 4 experimental clothes were used to measure resting ECG, exercise ECG, and post-exercise ECG for 4 men in their 20s. We compared clothing pressures using sensors on the human body and on a dressform. Subjective wear sensations of the 4 experimental clothes were evaluated using a subjective 7-point scale (with 7 being most excellent). We measured clothing pressures by using the air type pressure (AMI 3037-2) for upper and lower chest sensors in the developed tight-fitting upper clothing. The lower chest sensor showed that the clothing pressure on a human body and dressform changed consistently as the weft reduction rate decreased. The upper chest sensor showed inconsistent changes in clothing pressure as the weft reduction rate decreased. The wearing-test result for preliminary subjects showed that the lower chest sensor was more stable than the upper chest sensor; therefore, we inserted the sensor at the lower chest position before performing ECG. Except for Subject 4, the resting ECGs were stably measured for 3 subjects (Subject 1, Subject 2, and Subject 3) in all the developed clothes (A clothing, B clothing, C clothing, and D clothing). However, D clothing showed stable ECG values after exercise. The results of the experiment showed that we could measure ECG without difficulty using clothes with a weft reduction rate of 40% when the movement was not intense; however, tight-fitting upper clothing with a weft reduction rate of 70% was necessary to measure exercise ECG and post-exercise ECG values.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제38권1호
• /
• pp.73-86
• /
• 2014

Persimmon juice dye-printed fabrics with printing were used for a Galot one-piece dress. The Galot dress was assessed in comparison to a white undyed one-piece dress of the same design through a wearing test conducted in a climatic chamber with an air temperature of $30{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, $50{\pm}5%$ R.H, and 0.2m/sec air movement on 4 healthy female subjects in their 20s. The subjects went through a 30-min stable period, a 30-min exercise of walking on a $5^{\circ}$ slope treadmill at 70m/min period, and a 20-min recovery period. In addition, a physiological reaction and subjective sensation were estimated. The results showed that significant differences were mostly observed from a sweating period that occurred during the latter half of the exercise. More specific results are as follows. First, skin temperature on the chest and mean skin temperature were significantly higher (p<.01) in rayon dyed sample dresses. Second, micro-humidity on the back showed a significant difference (p<.01). Both cotton and rayon persimmon juice dyed sample dresses produced lower microhumidity than their counterparts and as for cotton the difference occurred over the entire experimental period; however, it occurred after the middle of the exercise period for rayon. Third, the sweating rate on the back decreased in both cotton and rayon with persimmon juice dye but no significant difference was observed. Fourth, subjective three sensations revealed significant differences between cotton and rayon (p<.01), indicating that the subjects felt more cool, dryer and more comfortable in a cotton Galot. As described above, the analysis of physiological responses and the subjective sensation of undyed and dyed clothing shows the effect of persimmon juice dyeing. Persimmon juice dyeing also seemly increased air permeability, moisture regain and permeability facilitating body heat ventilation, as micro-humidity and sweat rate were lowered. However, this was not shown consistently in subjective responses on comfort especially when wearing rayon dresses.

• 구강회복응용과학지
• /
• 제32권2호
• /
• pp.109-116
• /
• 2016

목적: 본 연구는 총의치를 1년 이상 사용한 환자를 대상으로 만족도를 조사하고 이에 영향을 미치는 다양한 요인을 분석하여 이들 간의 상관관계를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 총 43명의 환자가 정기검진에 응하여 내원하였다. 기존의 여러 문헌을 토대로 설문지를 제작하고 환자로 하여금 작성하도록 하여 자료를 얻었다. 의치에 대한 환자의 주관적 평가와 의치사용 만족도 간의 상관관계를 평가하였다. 통계 분석을 위해 Spearman 상관관계 분석, 다중회귀분석, Mann-whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis 검정법을 이용하였다. 결과: 모든 기능적 항목에서 하악보다 상악의치에 대한 만족도가 높게 나타났으며 특히 적합도와 통증 발현 유무는 만족도와 높은 관련이 있었다. 성별, 연령, 사용기간, 제작 후 내원 횟수는 의치사용 만족도와 관련이 없었으나 의치사용 경험이 있는 환자는 그렇지 않은 환자보다 더 높은 만족도를 보였다. 결론: 의치사용 만족도는 환자와 관련된 여러 요인이 복합적으로 작용하여 결정된다.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제28권12호
• /
• pp.1596-1604
• /
• 2004

QFD(Quality Function Deployment: 품질기능 전개도)는 상품개발과정에서 소비자의 요구가 손실되지 않고 최종제품의 생산에 반영되고 시장에 투입되도록 고안된 상품개발 기술의 일종이다. 본 연구에서는 착용감이 우수한 brassiere를 개발하는 과정에서 필요한 모든 정보를 획득하기 위하여 소비자가 요구하는 제품속성과 이 제품속성을 제품 기능에 반영할 수 있는 구체적인 연구 방법론을 제시하기 위해 QFD를 이용하여 그 효율성과 타당성을 검토해 보고자 하였다. Brassiere 착용쾌적성에 대한 소비자 요구 조사를 위해 30-40대의 주부 100명에게 설문조사를 실시하였다. 소비자 요구들 중 중요 항목을 선정하기 위해 중요도 순위 조사를 5점 척도로 조사한 후, 소비자 요구 항목들은 기술적 언어로 전환되었다. 제품에 대한 소비자의 주관적 평가인 소비자 경쟁 평가를 위해 10가지 시판 brassiere에 대한 착용실험이 $28{\pm}1^{\circ}C,\;65{\pm}3\%$ RH로 조절되는 인공기후실에서 실시되었다. 소비자 경쟁 평가치는 기술적 경쟁 평가의 물리적평가치와 비교함으로써, 적절한 기술적 언어를 발굴해 냈는가를 검증할 수 있었다. 결과적으로 쾌적성 있는 중년 여성의 brassiere를 개발하기 위해 도출된 소비자 요구는 종합적 착용 쾌적감, 맞음성-체형보정성, 움직임에 의한 브래지어의 위치 이동성, 압박감, 생리적 특성, 심미적 특성, 브래지어의 어깨끈 관련 특성 등 7가지로 나타났다. 이를 제품에 반영하기 위한 기술적 언어로는 3D측정 Data,소재의 물리적 특성, 심미적 특성, 생리적 측정치, 패턴, 압력 측정치 등으로 도출되었다.형 집단이 다른 두집단보다 더 활발한 불평행동을 취하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 정보지향형과 브랜드지향형 집단의 경우에는 서비스회복의 만족도론 높혀주는데 주력하고, 가격지향형 집단의 경우에는 불평행동이 보다 적극적으로 취해질수 있도록 유도하는 마케팅 전략을 서비스 회복 전략과 함께 구사하는 것이 보다 효과적 일 것이라 생각된다.TEX>$53\%$의 상동성이 각각 존재하는 것으로 확인하였다.)을 가지고 있음이 확인되었다. 사람에 직접적인 유해성을 가지고 있는 지 확인하기 위해 사람 방광 유래의 T-24세포와 장내 표피 유래의 Caco-2세포에 대한 부착능을 시험하였을 때, 16균주$(42.1\%)$가 T-24방광 세포에, 그리고 17균주$(44.7\%)$가 Caco-2장세포에 대해 강한 부착능을 나타내었다. 특히 11균주$(28.9\%)$는 두 세포 모두에 강한 부착능을 가지고 있었다. Filter mating method를 수행하여 이들 균주들의 독소 생산 유전자와 항생제 내성 유전자가 사람에서 분리된 균주로 전달되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 실험의 결과는 설사 중상을 나타내는 돼지로부터 분리된 용혈성 E. coli의 독성과 세포 부착능력, 그리고 항생제 내성간의 상호 연관성을 보여주지 않았으나 동물 분리 세균의 항생제 내성과 독소 생산 능력이 유전자 전달을 통해서 뿐만 아니라 세균의 직접 접촉에 의해서도 인체로 전달될 수 있는 것을 보여주는 것이다.다. 본 연구를 토대로 장시간의 체외순환에서는 신장기능을 대표하는 수치들에도 영향을 미칠 수 있으리라 예상되며, 신장 이외에 다른 주요 장기에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구를 더