• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.38C no.11
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• pp.1000-1009
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• 2013

This study investigated changes in behavioral performance before and after watching a multi-view 3D content by using auditory stimuli based on the selective attention theory in order to quantitatively evaluate 3D visual fatigue. Twenty-one undergraduates were asked to report on their current visual and physical condition both in the pre- and post-experiment. A selective attention task was conducted before and after mobile 3D viewing to compare the changes in performance. After performing a Wilcoxon's matched-pairs signed-ranks test on the subjective ratings of 3D visual fatigue, participants were categorized into two groups, unfatigued and fatigued group with a definite criterion. For the unfatigued group, no significant fatigue effects were found in behavioral response times and accuracies to specific auditory targets. In sharply contrast to the unfatigued group, the fatigued group showed significantly delayed response times and less response accuracies. However, no significant changes in accuracies for a working memory task were observed in both groups.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.229-238
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in the structural relationship of nursing students' performance related to nosocomial infection control (NIC). Method: Data was collected by using a questionnaire completed by 238 nursing students of three nursing colleges in Suwon, Sokcho. Results: The mean score of performance related to NIC was 3.86. The highest mean score of performance related to NIC was 4.18 (${\pm}0.91$) for 'hand washing' and the lowest mean score was 3.56 (${\pm}1.08$) for 'respiratory system'. In prediction of the intention of nursing students' on NIC, the attitude, the subjective norm, and the perceived behavior control(PBC) of TPB resulted in statistically significant influencing factors (p<0.050). These three variables explained 47.6% of the total variance of the intention of nursing students' on NIC. In predicting the performance related to NIC, the PBC resulted in the direct and main influencing factor of nursing students' performance related to NIC (p<0.010). Intention was not a significant determinant. These two variables explained 13.2% of total variance of the performance related to NIC. Conclusion: This study shows the TPB model's applicability in explaining performance related to NIC of nursing students and highlights the importance of PBC for strategies to enhance performance related to NIC in nursing students.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.113-122
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate weight control and the relative influence of individual variables affecting children's attempts to control weight. The study subjects were 319 elementary school children. First, the average body height and weight of the children who participated in this study was somewhat larger in boys and similar in girls, as compared with the normal body shape of Korean children. More boys were classified as overweight than girls, based on BMI. Both boys and girls were dissatisfied with their body shape, and especially the girls showed higher dissatisfaction rate than the boys did. Almost half of the children were concerned about weight control and girls had higher concern than boys. Of the children, 38.8% had controlled their weight; however there was no difference between their sexes. There were significant differences between children who had and had not experienced weight control in the following variables: stress caused by obesity, body satisfaction, BMI, subjective body shape perception and concern about weight control. Therefore, discriminant function analysis was performed to determine the discrimination of these variables between the two groups. From the analysis results, the most critical factor was BMI in the boys and concern about weight control in the girls. This finding should be reflected in the design of weight control programs for children i.e., boys should be encouraged to perceive correctly their own body shape and to control weight by maintaining a well-balanced diet and moderate exercise over a long period of time, rather than by skipping meals, while girls should be inspired with sound values and attitudes regarding their body shape, rather than provided with the concrete information on how to control weight.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.185-193
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• 2017

Malnutrition is common and the major risk factor of mortality of end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The aim of this study is to assess nutritional status of malnutrition patients on dialysis by various methods and compare nutritional parameters of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients with hemodialysis patients. 137 patients on dialysis from April 2009 to July 2013 were enrolled. Nutritional parameters of 66 CAPD and 71 hemodialysis patients were investigated by anthropometry, biochemical study, diet analysis and questionnaires. Malnutrition patients were selected by body mass index (BMI), serum albumin and pre-albumin based on International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism (ISRNM) diagnostic criteria for protein-energy wasting and compared with non-malnutrition patients. In comparison of CAPD and hemodialysis patients, most anthropometric values showed no significant difference except total body water (TBW). TBW was lower in CAPD patients (P=0.024). Although serum albumin was slightly higher in hemodialysis patients (P=0.047), pre-albumin were significantly higher in CAPD patients (P=0.000). Serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was higher in hemodialysis patients (P=0.000). In diet analysis, Total calorie (P=0.000) and total cholesterol (P=0.012) intakes were higher in CAPD patients. Mean subjective global assessment (SGA) grade was higher in CAPD patients (P=0.003). Several nutritional parameters of CAPD patients were better than hemodialysis patients implying more intensive therapeutic approach may be needed for hemodialysis patients. We have to understand multiple factors contributing malnutrition of ESRD patients and individualized therapeutic approach is needed.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.3 s.67
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• pp.201-211
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• 2006

Background: Although several efforts have been made recently to grade the severity of sublingual veins, these methods still meet some problems: clinicians' subjectivity and diversity of lighting conditions. Objectives: The purpose of our study was to quantify the severity of sublingual veins using CDs (color differences), and to verify clinical validity of the parameters of sublingual veins using CDs. Methods: We photographed the inferior surface of subjects' tongue from 74 subjects. CDs were computed through two sets of mean $L^*a^*b^*$ values extracted from BRC (black reference color) and the inferior surface of the tongue. We assumed that SVI (sublingual veins index) normalized percentage of a reciprocal of CDs between BRC and the inferior surface of the tongue including sublingual veins and BISV (black index of sublingual veins) percentage of a reciprocal of CDs between BRC and the main trunk of sublingual veins could be applied as quantitative parameters of sublingual veins and examined whether there are meaningful correlations between CDs and subjective grading by the clinicians or not. Results: There were high positive correlations of SVI and BISV to clinician evaluation respectively (r=0.715, 0.634). We computed a multiple regression equation which includes SVI and BISV as independent factors $(r^2=0.60);\;Y=0.711+0.046X_1+0.205X_2$ (Y: the severity of sublingual veins, $X_1:\;SVI,\;X_2:\;BISV$). Conclusions: We conclude that the severity of sublingual veins can be quantified through SVI and BISV, minimizing the clinicians' subjectivity and the diversity of lighting conditions.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.27 no.spc
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• pp.625-634
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• 2016

This study aims to verify the effect of the rural community living home use through an analysis of depression among the elderly women who live alone in the rural community living home. A survey was conducted from July to September 2015 through direct interviews with 236 elderly people who live alone in community living homes at 52 locations across the country. The main results of this study are as follows. First, social support from family/relatives and neighbors/friends was found not to affect depression in the elderly living in community living homes. Second, satisfaction with health status, economic status and life appeared to affect their depression. This indicates the need for various measures to increase the subjective satisfaction of health. Third, when the demographic characteristics, social support and personal satisfaction were controlled, the period of use, satisfaction with use and operational service/no service were proven to have an impact on depression in the elderly living alone in community living homes. In other words, since the level of satisfaction with community living homes is very high and this has a positive impact on the elderly living in community living homes, it is desirable to have an ongoing policy for the homes to be utilized as important welfare resources. Based on these findings, this study proposes improvements in the user experience and programs and services offered for rural community living home business programs.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.853-860
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• 2012

This paper identifies a cause of pick up noise in a laser printer and a relationship between pick up noise and major components related to pick up noise. A pick up sound is affected by many components such as spring force, spring constant, and friction coefficient. Objective evaluation for the pick up sound is difficult because of back ground sound such as operating sound. Especially, a sound between a friction pad and a paper in the process of printing has become an essential issue in an aspect of quality evaluation. However the existing criteria for determining the above sound have solely relied on human's subjective judgments; which highlights the requirement to objectify these criteria. In this paper, the standard of existing pick up noise is established by finding the tonality, which is a psychoacoustic parameter, of noticeable limit sound level. Based on the findings of the method, the study has found factors which cause pick up noise and suggests the substitution of following components of printers such as spring constants, spring force, and the quality of friction pads. As a result, it is confirmed that the proposed pick up noise index has usefulness to classify whether existence of pick up noise with an objective evaluation and not to occur the noise based on design optimized combination of laser printer components.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.323-330
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• 2009

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate whether working married women in different occupational classes affected diverse health outcomes. Methods : We used data for married women aged 25-59 (N=2,273) from the 2005 National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey. Outcome measures included physical/mental and subjective/objective indicators (selfrated poor health, chronic diseases, depression, and suicidal ideation from reported results; metabolic syndrome dyslipidemia from health examination results). Agestandardized prevalence and logistic regression were employed to assess health status according to three types working groups (housewives, married women in manual jobs, married women in non-manual jobs). Sociodemographic factors (age, numbers of children under 7, education, household income) and health behaviors (health examination, sleep, rest, exercise, smoking, drinking) and a psychological factor (stress) were considered as covariates. Results : Non-manual married female workers in Korea showed better health status in all five health outcomes than housewives. The positive health effect for the non-manual group persisted in absolute (age-adjusted prevalence) and relative (odds ratio) measures, but multivariate analyses showed an insignificant association of the non-manual group with dyslipidemia. Manual female workers showed significantly higher age-adjusted prevalence of almost all health outcomes than housewives except chronic disease, but the associations disappeared after further adjustment for covariates regarding sleep, rest, and stress. Conclusions : Our results suggest that examining the health impact of work on married women requires the consideration of occupational class.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.17
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• pp.7309-7316
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• 2014

Background: While many researchers often use a theoretical framework for mammogram repeat interventions, it seems they do not apply an identified mediation analysis method. The aim of this study was to determine the mediators of mammogram replication behavior in two tailored interventions for non-adherent Iranian women. Materials and Methods: A sample population of 184 women over 50 years old in Sanandaj, Iran, was selected for an experiment. Participants were randomly allocated into one of the three conditions: 1) an intervention based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) 2) an intervention based on an integration of the HBM and selected constructs from the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), and 3) a control group. Constructs were measured before the intervention, and after a 6-month follow-up. Results: Perceived self-efficacy, behavioral control, and subjective norms were recognized as mediators in the HBM and selected constructs from the TPB intervention. Perceived susceptibility, severity, barriers, self-efficacy and behavioral control met the criteria for mediation in the HBM intervention. Conclusions: This study was successful in establishing mediation in a sample of women. Our findings enrich the literature on mammography repeat, indicating key intervention factors, and relegating redundant ones in the Iranian populations. The use of strategies to increase mammography repeat, such HBM and TPB constructs is suggested to be important for maintaining a screening behavior, once the behavior has been adopted.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.243-253
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• 2012

An opinion mining technique which was developed from document classification in area of data mining now becomes a common interest in domestic as well as international industries. The core of opinion mining is to decide precisely whether an opinion document is a positive or negative one. Although many related approaches have been previously proposed, a classification accuracy was not satisfiable enough to applying them in practical applications. A opinion documents written in Korean are not easy to determine a polarity automatically because they often include various and ungrammatical words in expressing subjective opinions. Proposed in this paper is a new approach of classification of opinion documents, which considers only a frequency of word patterns and excludes the grammatical factors as much as possible. In proposed method, we express a document into a bag of words and then apply a learning algorithm using a frequency of word patterns, and finally decide the polarity of the document using a score function. Additionally, we also present the experiment results for evaluating the accuracy of the proposed method.