• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to propose an indirect exposure assessment method using a questionnaire survey at a time when direct exposure assessment would be impossible after a chemical accident. Methods: About two weeks after an accident, a questionnaire survey was performed with 1,264 persons from the local community. Variables related to exposure were extracted from the survey contents, weighted and then graded for comparison with subjective symptoms in order to evaluate the extent of exposure. Survey items suitable for reflecting the previous exposure level during the accident were extracted, weighted and divided into quartile ranges. Subjective symptoms showed an increasing tendency with higher exposure level when compared with final exposure level (p<0.01). Results: For the relationship between the final exposure grade and subjective symptoms, as the exposure grade was increasing the rates complaining of symptom also showed an increasing tendency. However, when adjusted for demographic characteristics, there was a tendency for the eye irritation symptom to appear higher in women, and respiratory organ irritation appeared higher in smokers. Conclusions: When the problem of recall bias is considered, this study may not have completely unraveled exposure and the characteristics of the participants can affect subjective symptoms. Nevertheless, the exposure rating method of using a questionnaire showed a significant relationship with symptom level. It can be deemed that assessment of past exposure may be successfully evaluated by questionnaire in cases such as chemical accidents.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.20-30
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• 2010

Objective : We determined whether the expression of GRIM-19 is correlated with pathologic types and malignant grades in gliomas, and determined the function of GRIM-19 in human gliomas. Methods : Tumor tissues were isolated and frozen at $-80^{\circ}C$ just after surgery. The tissues consisted of normal brain tissue (4), astrocytomas (2), anaplastic astrocytomas (2), oligodendrogliomas (13), anaplastic oligodendrogliomas (11), and glioblastomas (16). To profile tumor-related genes, we applied RNA differential display using a $Genefishing^{TM}$ DEG kit, and validated the tumor-related genes by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). A human glioblastoma cell line (U343MG-A) was used for the GRIM-19 functional studies. The morphologic and cytoskeletal changes were examined via light and confocal microscopy. The migratory and invasive abilities were investigated by the simple scratch technique and Matrigel assay. The antiproliferative activity was determined by thiazolyl blue Tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and FACS analysis. Results : Based on RT-PCR analysis, the expression of GRIM-19 was higher in astrocytic tumors than oligodendroglial tumors. The expression of GRIM-19 was higher in high-grade tumors than low-grade tumors or normal brain tissue; glioblastomas showed the highest expression. After transfection of GRIM-19 into U343MG-A, the morphology of the sense-transfection cells became larger and more spindly. The antisensetransfection cells became smaller and rounder compared with wild type U343MG-A. The MTT assay showed that the sense-transfection cells were more sensitive to the combination of interferon-$\beta$ and retinoic acid than U343MG-A cells or antisense-transfection cells; the antiproliferative activity was related to apoptosis. Conclusion : GRIM-19 may be one of the gene profiles which regulate cell death via apoptosis in human gliomas.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.1-20
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• 2009

This paper is intended as an investigation of relation between pre-service kindergarten teacher's creative personality and teacher's efficacy. Subjects of this study were 160 third grade students of S collage & Y collage. They were major in infant or early childhood education and have an field practice experience of nurture and education. Tool for measurement is Creative Personality Scale of Ha Juhyun and TEBI(Teaching Efficacy Belief Instrument) teacher's efficacy test which is modified by Kim Sunnam. The collected data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, post hoc Scheffe' test, Pearson's correlation and stepwise regression. The following results were obtained. First, there is no difference in creative personality according to academic grade, age, experience of leadership in collage. Second, there is a static relation between age of pre-service kindergarten teacher and teacher's efficacy especially personal teacher's efficacy. Third, points of creative personality is relative to teacher's efficacy, especially relative to personal teacher's efficacy. Among the sub-factors of creative personality, factors estimates teacher's personal efficacy are 'self belief, imagination and open mind'. On these ground, I comment on curriculum which will educate creative personality of pre-service kindergarten teacher.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.393-404
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to identity scientific models included in the Earth domain of the $10^{th}$ grade science textbooks. Three earth science-related chapters in each of 11 trade books were analyzed. A framework was developed and used to classify a scientific model from three different perspectives: medium of representation, method of representation, and mobility of a model. Results showed that the science textbooks utilized domain-specific models in which the nature of sub-areas of earth science was embedded. That is, the unit of 'Change of the Earth' included many iconic models that represented the inaccessible inner structure of the earth and the movement of the tectonic plates. These were also two-dimensional pictorial and static models. In the chapter of 'Atmosphere and Oceans', symbolic and diagrammatic models were dominant in use, which included weather maps and contour line graphs of sea surface temperature and salinity. The unit of 'Solar System and Galaxies' showed the highly frequent use of iconic and analogical models for the large-scale celestial objects and their movements. Implications for earth science education and relevant research were discussed.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.25-34
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• 2015

Purpose: To improve and guide the education policy for optician through a study about awareness of major in students from Dept. of Optometry. Methods: To define awareness of major in students from Dept. of Optometry, a survey was conducted by 91 male and 65 female students (50 freshmen, 48 sophomores, and 58 juniors). For the data analysis SPSS 18.0 was used and set the significant level as p<0.05 statistically. Results: The major awareness was evaluated with 4 sub-items, i.e. the awareness of satisfaction on curriculum, practical contents, society, and education courses. The results showed $3.39{\pm}0.68$, $3.26{\pm}0.65$, $3.59{\pm}0.75$, and $3.56{\pm}0.66$, respectively. The social awareness item recorded the highest score and practical contents item recorded the lowest. In general, awareness of major in males, higher grade students and students having a good mark was higher than the one in females, lower grade and students having a bad mark. In students who considered their aptitude and interest before the entrance of University, it turned out that the score was higher. Conclusions: It needs much efforts on developing professional confidence and strengthening the sense of belonging for the students from the Dept. of Optometry, not only by industrial but also academic circles.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.39-48
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• 2010

Recently, many countries are promoting the rapid development of marine for securing territorial sea. The importance of territorial sea has being emphasized as territorial disputes among countries has been increasing. The South Korea should be encouraged to expand the territory due to territorial disputes with neighborhood countries. The purpose of this study is to derive a improvement plan for the efficient control of the territorial base point through analyzing the existing territorial base point and checking the territorial base point. Therefore, we proposed a variety of new plans for accurate positioning by sea level observation and MBES, reduced the surveying procedure through analyzing the existing territorial base points and provided a basis for the territorial base points which can be the 2nd grade national control points by improving a grade. We also suggested that the territorial base points and sub-territorial base points' database should be given standardized number for increasing the efficient management of other national control points and territorial base points. Finally, we suggested a improved work regulation about analysis and maintenance for territorial base points, the information activity of territorial base points and the new plan of community relations. This study will be a basis for the foundation of maritime territory which could be superior to other countries and the expansion of maritime territory.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.79-97
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• 2010

Objectives : The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of Jajun-maum-dom-movement program on the attention and hyperactivity of middle school students, Methods: Jajun-maum-dom-movement program was applied to 14 middle school students for 8 weeks, To measure the improvement of attention and decrease of hyperactivity, these tests were used - ADHD Diagnostic System(hereinafter ADS), Parent's Abbreviated Conners Rating Scale(hereinafter ACRS), Teacher's Korean ADHD Rating Scale(hereinafter K-ARS). For each variable in the 3 test methods, the results of before and after program were measured and then, the results were assessed by paired t-test, Interrelations between the resulted values of 10 variables were analyzed in these three groups: scores before program, scores after program, and change in scores before and after program, Among 10 variables, for variable showing significant difference by t-test, it was assessed by ANCOVA whether change in scores before and after program is affected by the grade and gender. Results: As for the changed score between before-the-program and after-the-program, in the ADS test, it was found that there is a significant effect in the "commission error" which is one of the indices showing the degree of hyperactivity, and "sensitivity(d')" which is one of the indices showing attention, and it was found that there is a significant effect in ACRS and K -ARSC total), Among the correlations of the 4 variables, "ACRS" and "K-ARSC total) ", which show the comprecessive criteria, have the positive correlation of significance in before-the-program, after-the-program and the changed score between before-the-program and after-the-program, However, there was no specific correlations among sub-variables about attention or hyperactivity, and in all of 4 variables, there was no significant degree of change according to grade or gender. Conclusions : As the results of assessment by ADHD Diagnostic System, Parent's Abbreviated Conners Rating Scale, Teacher's Korean ADHD Rating Scale to study the effects of Jajun-maum-dom-movement program on attention and hyperactivity, it is known that the program is helpful for improvement of attention and decrease of hyperactivity for the participated students.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.16 no.4 s.34
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• pp.1-8
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate as to how much of changes has occurred in the newly revised Home Economics Textbooks required by the 7th Curriculum as compared to those by the former 6th Curriculum. and to seek future policy direction which can be improved even better. if any. for further revision. To implement this proposal, this study employed 8 different textbooks published among 12 textbooks developed for the 7th Curriculum for data base. The results of this study were as follows: It was covered such areas of change and develope in the composition of category and system in the Home Economics Textbooks required by the 7th Curriculum as compared to those by the former 6th Curriculum. The whole system of textbook was composed of cover page, the inside of a book cover. the title page, introduction. table of contents. appendices. It was same in the total pages with the exception of table of contents. appendices. the inside of a book cover and it was much alike in contents of introduction. In the aspect of the unit system of the textbooks. their whole flows were similar to each other. but the writers' intention and the stress on the focal points had appeared well in topic introduction and texts for the units of the textbooks. In addition. it can be said desirable that much more middle school teachers took a participation in the development of textbooks as textbook writers than before. In the organizational aspect of the sub-area organization of textbooks in the 7th Curriculum, it was not dispersed in grade 1, 2, and 3, but was centralized in a certain grade to increase its efficiency. The number of activity and experiment & practice that students could try to do actually were drastically increased compared to the 6th Curriculum. but it showed a wide difference between textbooks.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.13-24
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• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to compare educational effects between traditional classroom instruction and video self-instruction (VSI) for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in boy's high school students. Methods: This study was carried out targeting totally 96 boy students(47 people for experimental group, 49 people for control group) in the second grade of high school where is located in G city of G province from July 9-10, 2009. The experimental group and control group were arbitrarily selected two classes in the second grade. One class was assigned to the experimental group. another class was assigned to the control group. The experimental group was educated with VSI for CPR. The control group was educated with traditional classroom instructions for CPR. The analysis was performed with SPSS WIN (version 12.0) program using frequency chi-square($x^2$) test, independent samples t-test, and paired t-test. Results: After instructions, the knowledge, attitude, self-confidence, and skill performance accuracy scores on CPR increased statistically in both group. The increases of self-confidence ($2.40{\pm}0.73$) and skill performance accuracy score ($2.67{\pm}0.29$) in the experiment group were significantly higher than those ($2.01{\pm}0.96$ and $2.54{\pm}0.31$) in the control group, respectively. Conclusion: This study suggested that VSI was more effective than traditional classroom education for self-confidence and skill-performance accuracy in CPR. To confirm it, more studies are warranted.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.189-201
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to find out whether scientifically creative students were selected as science-gifted class students and whether their creativity improved after class for the science-gifted students by comparing the science gifted class students to general class students in the first grade of high school. This was achieved by comparing science-gifted class students with general ones on creative personality and creative thinking ability. For this study, science-gifted class students and general class students were surveyed using Khatena-Torrance creative perception inventory and Torrance test of creative thinking with words of form A, before and after class for the science-gifted group. The results showed that science-gifted class students scored significantly higher than general class students on the creative personality. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in their creative thinking ability. Also, in this study, the sub-factors of creative personality and those of creative thinking ability showed very low levels of correlation, which implies that the two variables are highly independent. In addition, science-gifted class students did not show significant improvement in their scores on the creative personality and the creative thinking ability after class. Therefore, further research and development on the selection of science-gifted students and teaching-learning methods which can improve the creativity of these students are needed.