• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.97-107
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• 2001

The clustering of insulin resistance with hypertension, glucose intolerance, hyperinsulinemia, increased triglyceride and decreased HDL cholesterol levels, and central and overall obesity has been called syndrome X, or the insulin resistance syndrome(IRS). To develop a nutrition service for IRS, this study was performed to evaluate the prevalence of each component of the metabolic abnormalities of IRS and analyze the clustering pattern of IRS among subjects living in the Taegu community. Participants in this study were 9234(mean age ; M/F 48/40yrs);63.5% were men, 24.4% were obese, 13.3% had hypertension. 3.7% had hyperglycemia, and 32.4% had hyperlipidemia. The IRS was defined as the coexistence of two or more components among metabolic abnormalities; obesity, hypertension. hyperglucemia and hyperlipidemia. The prevalence of IRS in Taegu was 19.2%(M/F:20.8%/16.4%), the clustering of these fisk variables was higher in advanced age group. Among the subjects of IRS having two of more diseases, 75.6% were obese, the pattern were similar in men and women. The younger, the higher the prevalence of obesity associated clustering patterns. The prevalence of obesity associated patterns among the hyperglycemia associated clustering patterns was 44.5%. The samples of the representative clustering patterns were obesity and hyperlipidemia (8.0%), hypertension and hyperlipidemia(3.2%), hypertension, obesity and hyperlipiemia(3.1%), hypertension and obesity(2.3%), and hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia(0.8%). The clustering of obesity and hyperlipidemia until 50 year old groups, and the clustering of hypertension and hyperlipidemia in the 60 and 70 age groups were the most prevalent. We concluded that insulin resistance syndrome was a relatively common disorder in the Taegu community, and prevalence and the characteristics of the intervention strategies for IRS are desired, an effective improvement will be achieved.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.323-328
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• 2008

A patient with respiratory disorders such as a sleep apnea is increasing as the obese patient increase on the modern society. Positive Airway Pressure (PAP) devices are used in curing patient with respiratory disorders and turn out to be efficacious for patients of 75%. However, these devices are required for evaluating their performance to improve their performance by the mechanical breathing simulator. Recently, the mechanical breathing simulator was studied by the real time feedback control. However, the mechanical breathing simulator by an open loop control was specially required in order to analyze the effect of flow rate and pressure after operating the breathing auxiliary devices. Therefore the aims of this study were to make the mechanical breathing simulator by a piston motion and a valve function from the characteristic test of valve and motor, and to duplicate the flow rate and pressure profiles of some breathing patterns: normal and three disorder patterns. The mechanical simulator is composed cylinder, valve, ball screw and the motor. Also, the characteristic test of the motor and the valve were accomplished in order to define the relationship between the characteristics of simulator and the breathing profiles. Then, the flow rate and pressure profile of human breathing patterns were duplicated by the control of motor and valve. The result showed that the simulator reasonably duplicated the characteristics of human patterns: normal, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), mild hypopnea with snore and mouth expiration patterns. However, we need to improve this simulator in detail and to validate this method for other patterns.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.643-659
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• 1993

This study was performed for the purpose of evaluating the stress distributions around five different types of implants according to their structures. The stress distribution around the surrounding bone was analysed by two-dimensional photoelastic method. Five epoxy resin models were made, and vertical and lateral forces were applied to the models. A circular polariscope was used to record the isochromatic fringes. The results of this study were summerized as follows : 1. Threaded type implants showed more even stress distribution patterns than cylinderical type implants when vertical and lateral forces were applied. 2. The stress concentrated patterns were observed at the neck portion and middle portion of the cylindrical type implants comparing with threaded type implants when vertical force was applied. 3. Model 1 and model 4 which are tthreaded type implants showed similar stress distribution patterns at the middle and apical portions and more stress was concentrated at the neck porion of model 1 comparing with model 4 when vertical force was applied. The stresses around model 1 were more evenly distributed when lateral force was applied. 4. More stress was concentrated at the neck and middle portion of cylindrical type implants than threaded type implants when lateral force was applied. 5. Model 1 showed the most even stress distribution patterns when lateral force was applied and stress distribution did no occured at the apical portion of modedl 2 when lateral force was applied. 6. There were almost no differences in stress concentrated patterns with or without having hollow design. And the stress concentrated patterns were observed at the corner of apex in model 5 which has hollow design when vertical force was applied.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.81-88
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of normal timing according to angular motion in PNF patterns on electromyography (EMG) activity in rectus abdominis, internal oblique abdominal muscle, external oblique abdominal muscle, and erector spinae. Methods: Ten healthy adults volunteered to participate in this study. The participants were required to complete following two PNF extremity patterns; upper extremity extension- adduction-internal rotation pattern with $180^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$, $30^{\circ}$ and lower extremity flexion- adduction-external rotation pattern with $0^{\circ}$, $60^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$. A paired t-test was used to determine the influence of the two PNF patterns on muscle activity in each muscle. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the ratio of local muscle activity to global muscle activity. Results: In terms of their effect on applied normal timing, the upper and lower extremity pattern significantly affected the rectus abdominis, internal oblique, external oblique, and erector spinae (p < .05). The upper extremity pattern (at an extension angle of $30^{\circ}$) and the lower extremity pattern ((at a flexion angle of $90^{\circ}$) influenced the rectus abdominis, internal oblique, external oblique, and erector spinae (p < .05). Conclusion: The effect of the upper and lower extremity patterns on applied normal timing was significant in that these patterns increased trunk muscle activation. The upper extremity pattern (at an extension angle of $30^{\circ}$) and the lower extremity pattern (at a flexion angle of $90^{\circ}$) increased trunk muscle activation. Normal timing is required to increase trunk muscle strength and extremity movement.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.1243-1261
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• 2017

Mobile telecom markets have dramatically increased in the last decade due to a remarkable subscriber base growth. The diffusion patterns of the services are a major concern for mobile carriers preparing those new services. We assume that the diffusion patterns of those services will be similar to those of previous mobile services, and discovering the diffusion patterns of those services is an essential task of mobile carriers for preparing the next mobile services. This study attempts to classify some groups which show similar diffusion patterns of mobile services. Using a traditional diffusion model, this study estimates diffusion patterns of twenty five western European countries. The estimation is based on the monthly penetration ratio of those countries from 1993 to 2004. Based on the estimation, the cluster analysis discovers that there are two different countries groups in terms of mobile diffusion pattern: high imitation countries and low imitation countries. The critical point for classifying the two groups in terms of imitation effect was 0.90. The results provide the basis for developing a causal relationship model which explains the different diffusion pattern of mobile services and planning new networks for the advanced mobile services.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.219-225
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• 2005

The objective of the study was to define dietary patterns in the representative Korean adult population and to explore their associations with other factors. The Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey was conducted on a stratified random sample (n = 9,968) of the Korean population in 2001. This study analyzed data of 5,721 adult population aged 30 and over. Demographic and lifestyle factors were assessed by questionnaires and food consumption by a 24-h recall method. Cluster analysis identified two dietary patterns with 22 food groups: the larger group that included $85\%$ of total subjects was named as the 'traditional' pattern due to greater intakes of white rice, kimchi, and vegetables, and the smaller group was named as the 'modified' pattern which had greater intakes of noodles, bread, snack, and fast foods. The modified pattern had significantly higher proportion in younger age, higher educational level, residing in metropolitan area, and higher household income. The modified group showed significantly higher intake of all nutrients except carbohydrate. Percent of energy from fat intake, $22\%$ was significantly higher in the modified group than $14\%$ in the traditional group. There were no differences in prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its 5 components among patterns. In conclusion, there were two distinctive patterns that were associated with socio-demographic, nutrient intake, and health risk factors in Korea. It should be considered when designing nutrition policy and intervention program.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.11
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• pp.1753-1758
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• 2013

A debate over the association between dietary patterns and obesity is not settled in the literature. Some studies suggest that there are significant differences in the mean body mass index (BMI) across dietary patterns, while others refute the result. Therefore, we extended this line of study to examine whether the influence of dietary pattern is strong enough to affect the incidence of obesity based on the criterion, BMI=25. We identified 3 dietary patterns using a cluster analysis of food intake data obtained from the food frequency survey conducted as a part of Korean genome epidemiologic study: 'variety', 'unrefined grain', and 'rice' dietary patterns. A Cox Hazard regression result showed that the all the dietary pattern variable parameters were not significant. Hence, it was concluded that the dietary patterns do not affect the incidence of obesity under the control of variables, such as age, energy intake, and etc.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.463-477
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• 2015

The recent unusual climate and extreme weather events have frequently given unexpected disaster and damages, facing difficulties in the management of water resources. In particular, climate change could result in intensified typhoons, and this would be the worst case scenario that can happen. The primary objective of this study is to identify the patterns of typhoon-induced precipitation and the associated synoptic pattern. This study focused on analyzing precipitation patterns over the South Korea using historic records as opposed to a specified season or duration, and further investigates the potential connection with heavy rainfall to synoptic patterns. In this study, we used the best track data provided by the Regional Specialized Meteorological Center of Japan for 40 years from 1973 to 2012. The patterns of the typhoon-induced precipitation were categorized into four groups according to a given typhoon track information, and then the associated synoptic climatology patterns were further investigated. The results demonstrate that the typhoon-induced precipitation patterns could be grouped and potentially simulated according to the identified synoptic patterns. Our future work will focus on developing a short-term forecasting model of typhoon-induced precipitation considering the identified climate patterns as inputs.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.48-66
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• 2019

The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the similarities between religious costumes and Kazakh and Tajik minority women's costumes in the Chinese northwestern minority population that believes in both Islam and Shamanism. The research was conducted by investigating the forms, colors, and patterns of 240 representative costume pieces and making quantitative comparisons between religious and traditional costumes. The results showed that the Kazakh and Tajik costumes were similarly formed, both intended to cover the human body. Both the Islamic and traditional headdresses were also similarly shaped. In terms of color, black, white, green, and blue were found frequently in the Islamic religious costumes, as were red and yellow. Red, white, and brown, ascribed to the colors of shamanism, signifying incantations, were also frequent, indicating that this was engrained in their lives. A review of the traditional costumes revealed the patterns of Islam. Plants, geometry, abstraction, and letter patterns were dominant, whereas the meaning of the Islamic patterns, rebirth, sun, life, and hope, influenced the traditional costume patterns. Patterns associated with incantations, like the animal horns shown in the shamanism religious costumes, were persistently observed even after the people were converted to Islam. This study on the similarities between religious and traditional costumes in the Chinese minority might help us understand the connection between religious and traditional costumes and elucidate the cultural costume transition process.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.217-227
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• 2019

The purpose of this study had been conducted to figure out the relationship of DISC typy behavioral patterns between major satisfaction and job preference. The survey in this subject had been carried out for 192 dental hygiene students from April 1 to 10, 2019. The findings were as follows: Among the sub-factors of major satisfaction based on DISC typy behavioral patterns, S type is higher in the contents of instruction and the way of teaching, the type C and S are higher in school facilities and environments. Among the sub-factors of job preference based on DISC typy behavioral patterns, the type D is higher in honor, development and stability, the type S is higher in aptitude, interest, development, stability and working environment, and the type C is higher in aptitude and interest. As DISC typy behavioral patterns, major satisfaction, and job preference were found to be related to one another, this finding should be considered when teaching career guidance for college students.