• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.981-991
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to develop the pattern-making for Korean glove. To develop the pattern-making for glove this study comprehensive list of candidate hand data was reviewed and the manufacturers(career over th 15 years) were interviewed on the method of glove. The results of regression analysis(hand data) were as follows (unit: cm): wrist thumb tip length = middle finger length + 3.22, hand bread = 1.25 $\times$ middle finger length + 2.18, middle finger breadth at dist = 0.23 $\times$ index finger circumference + 0.4, maximum hand circumference = 3.15 $\times$ index finger circumference + 4.13, middle finger circumference = 0.91 $\times$ index finger circumference + 0.47, maximum hand thickness = 0.69 $\times$ index finger circumference -0.02. Hand measurements for glove pattern-making were developed: There were palmar hand length, hand circumference, index finger circumference and middle finger length.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.361-369
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• 2020

With the increasing role of environmental design in promoting urban safety, new design attempts have been made to improve pedestrian safety in crosswalks. This study proposes an evidence-based design solution for improving crosswalk function by conducting simulations and field experiments. Drivers with more than one-year driving experience participated in this study. Four different crosswalk design patterns were prepared: (1) a zebra pattern, (2) zebra pattern with colored triangles, (3) 3D pattern, and (4) art pattern with unique colors and design. The results supported that the zebra pattern with colored triangles could be the most effective solution for crosswalk design by increasing visibility, attention, deceleration, and landscape aesthetics. This study provided objective data to support the performance of various crosswalk patterns and suggested the need to reevaluate the present crosswalk design guidelines.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.33
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• pp.255-267
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• 1997

The objective of this study was to examine how clothing pattern preferences vary accod-ing to sex role identity gender and age. Questionnaire of shirt pattern prefere-nces and short form Bem Sex Role Inventory was administered to 627 men and women(10's to 40's) in Kwangju City. Sex role identity was classified in androgynous masculine feminine and undifferentiated type. 1. The men liked thick horizon thin check and plaid pattern better than the women while the women small flower one. 2. The 10's liked thick horizon thin check and plaid pattern better than the women while the women small flower one. 2, The 10's liked thick horizon pattern better than the others, 3. On the interaction effect according to gender and age the women in their 30's liked polka dots pattern better than the men while the women in their 10's and 20's liked plaid pattern better than the women in their 30's and 40's 4. On the interaction effect according to sex role identity and age the masculine type in their 30's and 40's disliked small flower pat-tern while the feminine type in their 30's and 40's liked it. The women in their 30's liked small flower pattern while the 10's disliked it more than the others. 5. The androgynous type liked thin check and plaid pattern better than the others. The present findings provide that sex role identity gender and age influenced clothing pattern preferences. Gender and age had sig-nificant interaction effects on the preferences. The traditional connections between sex role identity and flower pattern perferences were confirmed only in the 30's and 40's.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.2157-2168
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• 2013

This study is about facilities using pattern for 'River-eco-park' that is Hwa-myeong Eco-park, Sam-rak Eco-park, Maek-do Eco-park. Through doing surveys, most patterns could be divided 5 patterns; 'Eco observation facility pattern', 'Promenade pattern', 'Bike path pattern', 'Sports facility pattern', 'Fitness center pattern'. Then we find channel of movement of user patterns by follow-up surveys. On the basis of this surveys, we are going to suggest some directions for River-eco-park design.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.15-30
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• 1990

The purpose of this study are 1) to offer the basic data for consumer education by examining and analyzing housewife's Life Style. 2) to make the housewife lead for Life Style better and more resonable. Questionnaires were sent to 623 housewives in Pusan who have elementary , middle and high school students. Frequence, Factor analysis, Cluster analysis, One-way Anova, X 2-test were used to take statistics. The results were as follows. 1) Housewife's Life Style in independent house area were ' the economical seeking pattern' which takes up th high proportions, next 'the practical reserved seeking pattern' ,'the tradition and reservational fashion seeking pattern', and 'the negative neverlessness pattern' On the other hand, the Life-Style in apartment area were' the rapid purpose seeking pattern', next ' the economical seeking pattern', the fashion and pleasure seeking pattern' and 'the tradition and reservational fashion seeking pattern'. 2) By surveying the relationships the housewife's Life Style and the demographics, first, there was a difference in housewife's Life Style of the independent house area by the level of education, monthly mean income and husbands occupation. 3) Finally, as I studied th characterization of which they possessed thing, it usually appeared the characteristic possession by types.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.290-299
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to testify the pattern making method to develop the men's basic bodice pattern using 3-dimensional body scan data. The experimental patterns were made by adding wearing ease on flattened body scan data and tracing the outlines of it. The experimental bodice pattern were composed of front, back, and side panels. To compare the difference between the experimental pattern and traditional pattern, two pattern making methods were compared. Two sets of basic bodice patterns were made for each of the 10 male subjects: a set of pattern was made by experimental method and the other set was made by Bunka pattern making method. The experimental and traditional patterns were measured at 13 dimensions. The results show that there was a difference between the experimental patterns and traditional patterns at the front length, back length, front width, front neck width, back neck width, and back neck depth. The fit was also compared for both patterns. The results of the fit test show that the experimental patterns were superior to the traditional patterns at the fit of neck, shoulder, and armhole. The experimental pattern making method was expected to be useful for mass customization.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.103-111
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• 2013

Seven diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) prospective payment system is going to expand to all hospitals including university hospitals this year. However there are few studies on the change of practice pattern under prospective payment system in the university hospital setting. So This study was intended to predict the practice pattern change after the introduction of 7 DRGs prospective payment system in a university hospital setting. To predict the change of practice pattern, this study used simulation technique. Five hundred and nineteen patients classified as 5 DRGs in a university hospital were selected for simulation. The change of practice pattern were predicted based on clinicians' opinion. We also predicted payment change by service items. Major findings of this study are as follows. First, the total medical payment was reduced by 14.4%. The drug payment change (8.8%) took most of total payment reduction. The followings are the change of treatment material cost (3.2%), the change of laboratory tests cost (1.8%), the change of room charge (0.5%), and other payment change (0.1%), respectively. Second, most of the reduction in total medical payment resulted from the decreased amount of medical services themselves. The transfer of medical services to outpatient setting took up only 4.9% of the total payment reduction. The change of unit price or composition took up 5.5% of the total payment reduction. In this study we found that it is possible to reduce the inpatient services through practice pattern change in university hospital setting. However, it needs to be careful to adjust DRG payment after the reduction of provided services, because most of reduction was not due to service transfer but to service volume reduction. It is desirable to utilize the saving from practice pattern change as incentive to improve quality of care.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.8-19
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• 2017

This study on "Wenbingtiaobian" covers identifying pattern of prescription, understanding system of multiple syndrome differentiations, characteristics of treatment and medicinal substances. The source books are "Korean translation of Wenbingtiaobian", "Modern Shanghanlun", "Jinkuiyaolueyishi", "Chinese Medicine Formulas". "Wenbingtiaobian" has system of multiple patterns including three energizer syndrome differentiation, classification of disease, six meridian syndrome differentiation and wei-qi-ying-xue syndrome differentiation. That describes cause, location, nature, power and transmutation of disease. Wei-qi-ying-xue pattern is meaningful to warm-heat disease and three energizer pattern is relevant to dampness-heat disease. The warm disease shows mostly yang brightness bowel syndrome and patterns of three yin viscera. In aspect of the heat disease, qi aspect pattern makes up the largest number of syndrome differentiation and have sometimes with bowel excess or fluid deficiency. And treatment for wei aspect pattern is primarily 'outthrust the pathogen with pungent-cool'. Deficiency cold pattern and cold pattern with dampness occupy most of cold patterns. And many dampness patterns are dampness-heat pattern in middle energizer and 'inhibited lung qi transforming' is major mechanism. Patterns with fluid deficiency in qi aspect syndrome appear mostly in upper or middle energizer and in xue aspect syndrome appear mostly in lower energizer and they form 20% of all syndrome differentiations. The treatment of clearing heat uses pungent-cool(cold) for upper energizer, sweet-cold for middle energizer, sweet(salty)-cold for lower energizer. The treatment of tonifying yin uses mostly salty-cold for middle or lower energizer. The treatment of outthrusting pathogen is applied to all the wei-qi-ying-xue aspect combined with other treatments by using pungent-cool(cold) and light herbs. Understanding diseases in the respect of syndrome differentiation can enhance understanding of modern diseases from a perspective of Korean Traditional Medicinal(KTM) and can make clinical application of KTM treatments easy. Data from this study are expected to be basic for standardization and systemization of KTM.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.50
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• pp.5-22
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• 2000

The study on the past costume should be done first for the creation of new style of fashion. That is one of the reasons why we have to annalize characteristic style in each period. Before the latter of nineteenth century one must have made the costume by draping design. Because the complicated clothes can be expressed by draping deign think that the subject draping design is even more important than other subject. But there haven't been the studies that analyzed the pattern of Art Nouveau style by draping design in Korea. Art Nouveau style is a certain one that was relatively more changeable than the ones of other periods. The purpose of this study is the analysis about the patterns of hourglass and S-curve style which represented the Art Nouveau style. The results of the study summarized as follows. 1. Bodice pattern : In the front Hourglass silhouette has the princess line for fitting bodice while S-curve silhouette has the wide midriff due to the blousing. There is the yoke in S-curve one. In the pattern of back bodice we can't see the much differences but Hourglass silhouette is used the princess line like the front one while S-curve is made use of the waist darts for fitting back. 2. Sleeve pattern : Hourglass silhouette is made of two pieces the upper part and lower part besides S-curve is consisted of one pieces. The former has the big upper part in order to the emphasis of the shoulder and the tight lower part. The latter is the tight sleeve that similar to the basic sleeve pattern at present. 3. Skirt pattern: There is partially a gored line in the front skirt in Hourglass silhouette however S-curve silhouette is consisted of the six pieces gored skirt. At this part we can also see the fact that s-curve is more complicated than Hourglass silhouette. 4. Others: Wecan find out the differences between Hourglass and S-curve pattern easily at the parts of the collar flounce wing and so on. Summing up, the patterns of S-curve style are more expanded than those of Hourgalss style for the most part.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.116-129
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to research on changes of body surface according to golf movements in designs of golf slacks pattern and reflect it to designs of golf slacks pattern to enhance adaptability. For the first stage of this study, length of body surface was analyzed by using 3D body shape. In second stage, analysis of wearing test of golf slacks is performed to extract major pattern design factor of golf slacks and then research patterns were designed. In third stage, 4 differently designed 1st, 2nd slacks were used for analysis of 3D Clothing air volume. The results of this research is as follow. The variation rate of body surface length according to golf swing posture resulted the longest on back swing posture and follow through posture. Waist circumference-omphalion, thigh and ankle circumference increased more than 10% of body surface during golf swing. Front waist circumference-omphalion, right waist to hip length, left waist to hip length and right back center length were decreased more than 10%. As a result of analysis on measurements of 1st slacks pattern design, waist front center getting in values, waist front center going down value, front hip width, and front crotch extension had similar industrial pattern design. Back center line angle, back crotch extension, and knee center point~back waist center point had significant differences. The designs and ease proposed for golf slacks pattern in this study are waist circumference 75.5 cm(1.8 cm, 2.38%), hip circumference 95 cm(2 cm, 2.11%), crotch length(front: -0.8 cm, -1.25%; rear: -1.8 cm, -2.83%), slacks length 96c m, gradient of C.B.L $10^{\circ}$, crotch extension (back 9.2~10.4 cm, front 3.2 cm).