• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.85-96
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship among verbal violence experience, verbal violence impact and burnout of operating room nurses. The data were collected by structured self-reporting questionnaires from 202 operating room nurses and were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson's correlation coefficients and multiple regression. The level of verbal violence experience and verbal violence impact was 1.96 and 1.67. The level of burnout was 3.08. Verbal violence impact and burnout have a significant positive association with verbal violence experience(r=.39, p<.001; r=.41, p<.001). Verbal violence impact was positively associated with burnout(r=.29, p<.001). Factors influencing burnout were verbal violence experience, verbal violence impact and position(staff nurse) which explained 30% of the variance(F=9.15, p<.001). These findings indicate that verbal violence experiences of operating room nurses have influence on stability and productivity in personal, social aspect and suggest developing the verbal violence prevention program in hospital.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.285-294
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• 2018

Due to the low interest rates of banks according to the breakdown economy after the global financial crisis in 2008 As a substitute for financial products, the investment demand has been increased for rentable investment funds such as commercial building and officetel. However, the problems such as oversupply, decrease of a rental profit and negative perception of development projects have been occurred. One of the primary problems is the existing deterministic method of project feasibility analysis. Therefore, the objective of this study is to develop feasibility model by applying system dynamics method in residential officetel. To achieve the objective, first, the previous studies are investigated. Second, the causal loop diagram is structured based on the collected data. Third, the feasibility model is developed through the causal loop diagram. Fourth, the effectiveness is validated and compared to collected actual data. The proposed model can be helpful whether or not conduct execution of an officetel development project to the decision makers.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.17 no.11 s.114
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• pp.1021-1029
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• 2006

In this paper, we designed and implemented a dual wideband dipole type antenna for the reception of S-DMB (Satellite Digital Multimedia Broadcasting) and 2.4/5 GHz WLAN(Wireless Local Area Network) signals. The proposed antenna based on conventional monopole type dual band antenna was implemented as planar wideband dipole type antenna with the volume of $8{\times}33.8{\times}1.68mm^3$. The proposed antenna is printed type on FR4 substrate of 1.6 mm thick and composed of a dipole type antenna for low frequency band and two symmetric structured resonance elements for high frequency band. We confirmed antenna area with dense surface current for each frequency band with simulation. By varying the length of the antenna area with dense surface current, we could vary resonance frequency of each frequency band separately. Impedance bandwidths$(VSWR{\leq}2)$ are 362 MHz(14.23 %) for 2 GHz band and 1188 MHz(22.13, %) for 5 GHz band which show wideband characteristic. Measured maximum gains were 4.33 dBi for 2 GHz band and 5.48 dBi for 5 GHz band which showed improved performance. And the implemented antenna has a good omni-directional radiation pattern characteristic.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.10
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• pp.1487-1494
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• 2010

Structured lipid (SL) for cocoa butter alternative was synthesized by interesterification of coconut oil fraction and palm stearin (6:4 and 8:2, by weight) in a shaking water bath at $60^{\circ}C$ and 180 rpm. It was performed for various reaction times (1, 2, 3, and 6 hr). The reaction was catalyzed by sn-1,3 specific Lipozyme TLIM (immobilized lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus). SL-solid part was obtained from acetone fractionation at $0^{\circ}C$. SL-solid part was blended with other palm oils and fractions for desirable property of cocoa butter alternative (SL-solid part : palm middle fraction : palm stearin solid : palm oil, 70.4:18.4:2.9:8.3, by weight). In reversed-phase HPLC analysis, triacylglycerol species of cocoa butter alternative had partition number of 40 (10.77%), 42 (13.06%), 44~46 (17.38%) and 48 (51.88%). Major fatty acids of cocoa butter alternative were lauric acid (16.5%), myristic acid (12.28%), palmitic acid (46.03%), and linoleic acid (14.75%). Solid fat content (SFC) and polymorphic form (${\beta}'$ form) of cocoa butter alternative prepared were similar to those of commercial cocoa butter replacer (CBR).

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.39 no.11
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• pp.129-144
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• 2001

In spite of rapid sociocultural changes and an increase in the number of nuclear families in recent years, quite many families in Korea still have taken the extended family form where daughter-in-law provides care for the elderly parents. Even though the nature of the inter-generational relationship in Korea is reciprocal in many regards, most of the studies looked at the burden or costs of coresidence with the elderly parents while relatively little attention has been given to the positive side of the coresidence. This study is an attempt to fill this gap in the area. The purpose of this study is to examine not only the costs but also benefits of the coresidence with the elderly parents. We also explore whether there is a rural-urban differences in costs and benefits of coresidence and related factors. For the purpose, data were gathered from 876 daughters-in-law of three generational family both in rural and urban area, using structured questionnaire. The statistical methods used for data analysis were descriptive statistics, cross tables, and regression analysis with SPSS/PC+ program. The major findings of this study were as follows: Marital and economic status of the elderly parents, age, job status and filial responsibility attitude of caregiver, sibling support, and coresidence duration were the significant variables predicting the level of perceived benefits. Marital status of elderly parents, income, job status, educational level, and filial responsibility altitude of caregiver, residence region affected the level of perceived costs. Rural-urban differences are found in many aspects of coresidence experiences and related factors. Rural caregivers receive higher level of the sibling support, have more traditional final responsibility altitude and perceived less costs and more benefit than urban caregivers. There also are differences in the factors influencing the level of perceived costs and benefits between rural and urban area. Level of sibling support and final responsibility attitude have significant impact on both the perceived costs and benefits. But there are differences in terms of that perceived costs and benefits of urban caregivers are affected by job status of caregivers while those of rural caregivers are affected by educational level of caregivers and marital status of elderly. The results confirm that Korean caregivers experience both positive and negative aspects of coresidence and shows that the nature of the inter-generational relationships differ between rural and urban Korea.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.317-324
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• 1994

This paper proposed a new method in the implementation of ISDN (integrated services digital network) LAPD (link access procedure on the D-channel) and LAPB (link access procedure on the B-channel) protocols. The proposed method in this paper implement ISDW LAPD protocol through multi-tasking operating system and adopt a kernel part that is changed operating system to target board. The features of implemented system are (1) the para.llel processing of the events generated at each layer, as follows (2) the supporting necessary timers for the implementation of ISDW LAPD protocol from the kernel part by using software, (3) the recommanded SAP (Service Access Point) from CCITT was composed by using port function in the operating system. With the proposed method, the protocols of ISDH layerl, layer2 and layer3 (call control) were implemented by using the kernel part and related tests were carried out by connecting the ISDH terminal simulator to ISDN S-interface system using the ISDN LAPD protocol The results showed that ISDW S-interface terminals could be discriminated by TEI (Terminal Equipment Identifier) assignment in layer 2 (LAPD) and the message transmission of layer 3 was verified by establishing the multi-frame transmission and then through the path established by the LAPD protocol, a user data was tranfered and received on B-channel with LAPB protocol Thererfore, as new efficient ISDN S-interface environment was implemented in the thesis, it was verified that the implemented system can be utilized by connecting ISDW in the future to transfer a medical image data.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.13
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• pp.39-71
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• 1986

Interlibrary loan has been a very common library service in the developed countries but it is yet to be actualized formerly in Korea. As Korea is moving toward an information society where all the individual user's request in the library should be met, we need to understand, in detail, the theory and practice of interlibrary loan service. As various information technology has been applied to the libraries, the libraries became the open system. Thus, the libraries become more cooperative, form networks, and make interlibrary loan service available. This study is based on the following three hypothesis formulated from the systems theory. 1. If libraries cooperate each other and form some kind of networks by mail, computers or telecommunications, they become the open system. 2. If a library develops as the open system, interlibrary loan becomes available in the library. 3. If the interlibrary loan system works, the role of the librarians will be changed. The research was carried out by analyzing the various studies about interlibrary loan service and by examining the interlibrary loan systerns presently working in the U.S.. The conclusions are reached deductively from the data. Some of the terminology used are defined as follows: System: a network of interrelated procedures that are joined together to perform an activity or to accomplish a specific objective. It is, in effect, all the ingredient which make up the whole. Cooperation: Working together to benefit participant libraries. Network: a much more structured type of cooperation in which definite regions or areas are connected by electronic or other means to promote interlibrary loaning of materials, in-service traing & other sharing of resources. Interlibrary loan: the lending of books between libraries. The model of cooperation or networks was used to be (1) a star type, (2) a hieranchical type, (3) a distributed type or (4) the combination of aforementioned three. However, the development of the telecommunications and computers enables all kinds of libraires cooperate together. Interlibrary loan service starts with the needs of user's information. The information have to be logically accessed through bibliographies, computers, electronic mails and satellite communications. And the logical access requires the information technology and the libraries become cooperative. The physical access to the information follows next but only traditional method of mail and some commercial service are currently available for this purpose. Therefore, researches are needed to develop this physical access. If the libraries form networks, the microaspect of library changes accordingly as the macroaspect changes. If the libraries . cooperate to become one large world library, the librarians plan, organize, control library operations and report the results. And the librarians work inside and outside of the library to cooperate with other libraries. Only the cooperation of the libraries will enhance interlibrary loan and the Korean librarians have to be prepared to accept the new role of librarianship for the interlibrary loan service.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.433-441
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• 2020

This study was conducted to identify the factors that influence the other behaviors taken by nursing students during online lectures. The study subjects were 304 nursing students in three universities. Data were collected between April 20 and 30, 2020, using by completing structured self report questionnaires. Data were analyzed using T-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression using SPSS 26.0 program. In correlation analysis, significant negative correlations were found between other behaviors, interest(r=-17, p<.01), understanding(r=-19, p<.01), needs(r=-12, p<.05), learning motivation(r=-12, p<.05), self-regulation efficacy(r=-11, p<.05), learning confidence(r=-14, p<.05), lecture satisfaction(r=-22, p<.01), lecture flow(r=-24, p<.01). In the multiple regression analysis, learning confidence, prefer to discuss & present (β=.19), lecture flow(β=-.15), lecture satisfaction(β=-.15) were statistically significant factors that explained 10.6% of variance of other behaviors taken by nursing students during online lectures. Thus, we suggest to develop that teaching methods and programs to reduce other behaviors taken by nursing students during online lectures.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.443-450
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• 2020

This study examined the relationship of resilience, academic stress and academic achievement of nursing students. Data were collected through self reported structured questionnaire in 197 nursing students from September 26 to October 12, 2019. Data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 23.0. As a result this study, resilience was negatively correlated with academic stress(r=-.46, p<.001). while resilience was positively correlated with academic achievement(r=.48, p<.001). As a result regression analysis, social support, structural style, and positivity among the sub-variables of resilience explained 28.4%(F=24.80, p<.001) of the academic stress in nursing students. Relational, and self confidence explained 22.7%(F=27.80, p<.001) of the academic achievement Therefore, it is necessary to develop interventions that can enhance social support structural style, positivity, relational, and self confidence to manage the academic stress and to improve academic achievement of nursing students.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.140-146
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• 2014

This paper presents a case study to develop e-learning contents of agricultural safety based on the assessment of risks of 4 selected crops and stock farming: rice, potatoes, apples, tomatoes and stock raising. The aged farmers, who are main workforce of current Korean agriculture and relatively more vulnerable to various risks of agricultural work compared to younger workers, were considered as the main users of the contents in developing them. The safety guidelines were presented as simple as possible and the interfaces were designed to be simple and easy to use so that the older users can use it without much difficulty. In making the scenarios of the contents, risk assessments were carried out for each crop and stock farming with the focus being on occupational diseases rather than accidental injuries. To make the contents more attractive to the farmers, the functions requiring active responses from the users, such as answering simple questions, were included in the contents. Usability evaluation by experts of ergonomics and agricultural tasks were carried out in modifying the draft version, whereas formal usability test was not included in the case study. Though there are some limitations in the developed contents in the aspects of evaluation of usability and effectiveness, this case study shows the structured procedure of developing e-learning safety contents based on the risk assessments on agricultural tasks. The developed e-learning contents are expected to be used practically and easily in educating and training older farmers about safety and health of agricultural tasks.