• 제목/요약/키워드: structural instability

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소득위험과 노후준비정도 및 현재생활의 만족도 간의 관련성 (A Study on the Relationship between Income Instability and the Degree of Preparation for Old Life and Satisfaction with Current Life)

  • 이찬호
    • 한국융합학회논문지
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    • 제10권12호
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    • pp.337-343
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    • 2019
  • 오늘날 고령화와 경제여건의 변화 등에 따라 노후준비의 필요성이 더욱 증대되었다. 본 연구는 소득의 불안정성과 노후준비정도와 현재생활의 만족도간의 관련성을 분석하는데 목적이 있다. 먼저 선행연구 검토를 통해 주요 변수를 추출하고 이를 설문화하여 설문조사를 통해 수집된 자료를 구조방정식 모델로 통계분석하였다. 분석결과 현재의 소득위험이 노후준비정도를 매개로하여 현재생활의 만족도에 영향을 미치는 간접효과는 통계적으로 유의수준 0.05하에서 유의미한 음(-)의 영향을 미치나 현재의 소득위험이 현재생활의 만족도에 영향을 미치는 직접효과는 통계적으로 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 이에 연령변수와 부양가족 수를 각각 2분하여 추가분석을 실시하였다. 결과를 요약하면 현재생활의 만족도를 높이기 위한 선행요건으로 노후준비정도가 상당한 역할을 하고 노후준비를 위해서는 현재 소득의 변동성(위험)이 중요한 역할을 하는데, 이 요인(잠재변수)들 간의 관련성 정도는 연령, 부양가족 수의 많고 적음에 따라 세부적으로는 다소간의 차이가 있었다. 본 분석 결과는 현재 각 개인의 상황 속에서 만족스런 삶을 준비하기 위한 기초자료를 제공하는데 의미가 있을 것이다. 한편 본 연구는 횡단면적 분석만을 실시한 한계점을 갖고 있으며 향후에는 시계열적 변화를 분석하고자 한다.

Unstable Pathologic Vertebral Fractures in Multiple Myeloma : Propensity Score Matched Cohort Study between Reconstructive Surgery with Adjuvant Radiotherapy and Radiotherapy Alone

  • Park, Hyung-Youl;Kim, Young-Hoon;Ahn, Joo-Hyun;Ha, Kee-Yong;Kim, Sang-Il;Jung, Jae-Woong
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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    • 제65권2호
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    • pp.287-296
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    • 2022
  • Objective : Although radiotherapy (RT) is recommended for multiple myeloma (MM) involving spine, the treatment of choice between reconstructive surgery with RT and RT alone for pathologic vertebral fractures (PVFs) associated with structural instability or neurologic compromises remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacies of reconstructive surgery with adjuvant RT for treatment of MM with PVFs by comparing with matched cohorts treated with RT alone. Methods : Twenty-eight patients underwent reconstructive surgery followed by RT between 2008 and 2015 in a single institution, for management of PVFs associated with structural instability of the spine and/or neurologic compromises (group I). Twenty-eight patients were treated with RT alone (group II) after propensity score matching in a 1-to-1 format based on instability of the spine, as well as age and performance. Clinical outcomes including the overall survival rates, duration of independent ambulation, neurological status, and numeric rating scale (NRS) for back pain were compared. Results : Clinical and radiological features before treatment were similar in both groups. The median survival period was similar between the two groups. However, the mean duration of independent ambulation was significantly longer in group I (88.8 months; 95% confidence interval [CI], 66.0-111.5) than in group II (39.4 months; 95% CI, 25.2-53.6) (log rank test; p=0.022). Deterioration of Frankel grade (21.4% vs. 60.7%, p=0.024) and NRS for back pain (2.7±2.2 vs. 5.0±2.7, p=0.000) at the last follow-up were higher in the group II. Treatment-related complications were similar in both groups. Conclusion : In patients with unstable PVFs due to MM, reconstructive surgery may yield superior clinical outcomes compared with RT alone in maintaining independent ambulation and neurological status, as well as pain control despite similar median survival and complications.

D-최적 실험 설계 기반 최적 센서 배치 및 모델 확장 기법을 이용한 하중 추정 (Load Recovery Using D-Optimal Sensor Placement and Full-Field Expansion Method)

  • 변성주;이승재;부승환
    • 대한조선학회논문집
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    • 제61권2호
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    • pp.115-124
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    • 2024
  • To detect and prevent structural damage caused by various loads on marine structures and ships, structural health monitoring procedure is essential. Estimating loads acting on the structures which are measured by sensors that are mounted properly are crucial for structural health monitoring. However, attaching an excessive number of sensors to the structure without consideration can be inefficient due to the high costs involved and the potential for inducing structural instability. In this study, we introduce a method to determine the optimal number of sensors and their optimized locations for strain measurement sensors, allowing for accurate load estimation throughout the structure using model expansion method. To estimate the loads exerted on the entire structure with minimal sensors, we construct a strain-load interpolation matrix using the strain mode shapes of the finite element (FE) model and select the optimal sensor locations by applying D-Optimal Design and the row exchange algorithm. Finally, we estimate the loads exerted on the entire structure using the model expansion method. To validate the proposed method, we compare the results obtained by applying the optimal sensor placement and model expansion method to an FE model subjected to arbitrary loads with the loads exerted on the entire FE model, demonstrating efficiency and accuracy.

동적 측정오차가 손상탐지에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 (Study of Effects of Measurement Errors in Damage Detection)

  • 김기욱
    • 한국항공우주학회지
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    • 제39권3호
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    • pp.218-224
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    • 2011
  • 동적구조의 손상탐지에 적용되는 모드법에서 측정오차가 계산과정의 수렴특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 구조요소의 손상과 같은 구조적 변화가 발생하면 응답특성도 변화되므로, 고유진동수 또는 고유벡터의 변화를 측정하면 구조적 변화를 밝혀낼 수 있다. 시험을 통하여 얻은 측정자료가 정확한 경우 수학적 프로그래밍은 우수한 수렴특성을 보여주고 있다. 그러나 실제 측정치는 오차를 포함하며, 고유치문제의 수치적 불안정성 때문에 작은 수치오차는 실제와 전혀 다른 계산결과를 초래할 수 있다. 그러므로 응답특성은 일정한 범위 안에서 스스로 평형상태를 찾아갈 수 있도록 허용되어야 한다. 유한요소모델에 포함되는 모든 자유도에 측정센서를 부착할 수 없으므로, 가장 효과적인 소수의 자유도를 선정하여 측정자료를 얻을 수 있으며 측정된 자유도에 대한 평형방정식을 적용한다.

직결나사 연결 접합부에 관한 구조성능평가 연구 (A Study of Structural Performance of Self-Drilling Screw Connections)

  • 박기연;전상현;김영호;최성모
    • 한국강구조학회 논문집
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    • 제25권5호
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    • pp.543-553
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    • 2013
  • 춤이 깊은 골형 데크는 그 단면의 형태가 개방형 단면(개단면(開斷面))으로 단면의 불안정성에 의한 휨비틀림 등의 구조적 문제를 일으킬 수 있다. 박판의 냉간성형강인 데크와 캡플레이트의 접합에 사용되는 연결재(파스너)는 볼트, 리벳, 용접 그리고 나사 접합이 있다. 이 연구는 냉간성형강을 사용한 춤이 깊은 데크와 보강용 캡플레이트간의 직결나사 접합부에 관한 실험적 연구로, 직결나사 접합부의 파괴거동과 최대내력에 영향을 주는 직결나사 배치방법, 직결나사 수, 직결나사 간격 그리고 직결나사 머리밑판의 두께변화를 실험변수로 하여 국외 설계기준식 비교 분석하고자 한다.

Analysis and design of metal-plate-connected joints subjected to buckling loads

  • Hussein, R.
    • Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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    • 제9권5호
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    • pp.417-432
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    • 2000
  • A comprehensive analytic study has been conducted to investigate the instability problems of metal-plate-connected (MPC) joints in light frame trusses. The primary objective in this study is to determine the governing factors that constitute the buckling of the metal connectors and their effects on the structural response of joints. Another objective is to recommend design curves for the daily structural design of these joints. The numeric data presented in this paper has emerged from a broad base that was founded on over 350 advanced computer simulations, and was supported by available experimental results obtained by others. This basic-to-applied research includes practical engineering parameters such as size of gaps, shear lengths, gauge (plate thickness) of connectors, size of un-braced areas, failure modes, and progressive disintegration of joints. Square-end members have been emphasized though the results cover the custom-made fitted joints. The results indicate that chord shears cause and dominate the buckling of MPC joints, and the shear length has a more pronounced effect than the size of gaps. Further, large gauges and small un-braced areas improve the buckling response. Several practical recommendations have been suggested throughout the paper such as keeping the ratio of gap/shear length below 3/4 for improving the buckling strength. The study reveals that multi-area joints should not be simplified as single web-to-chord MPC joints such as keeping the ratio of gap/shear length below 3/4 for improving the buckling strength, even where one web is in tension and the other in compression. Finally, the results obtained from this study favorably agree with experimental data by others, and the classic buckling theories for other structural components.

실변수 유전자 알고리즘을 이용한 사인형 주름 웨브 보의 최적구조설계 (Optimum Structural Design of Sinusoidal Corrugated Web Beam Using Real-valued Genetic Algorithm)

  • 손수덕;이승재
    • 한국강구조학회 논문집
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    • 제23권5호
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    • pp.581-593
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    • 2011
  • 스티프너로 보강된 플레이트 거더 대신에 주름 웨브를 사용하는 근본적인 장점은 얇은 판으로 형성된 편평한 웨브에서 발생하는 좌굴에 관한 불안정 문제를 해결할 수 있는 것 뿐 아니라 수직 스티프너의 필요성도 함께 해결 됨으로써 경제적인 장점을 제공받게 된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 사인형 주름 웨브를 가진 보의 구조설계 기법과 실변수 알고리즘을 이용하여 최적화 문제를 다루도록 한다. 구조설계과정과 설계변수들은 EN 1993-1-5, DASt-R015 및 Pasternak 등(2004)을 통해서 구성하며, 주름 웨브의 전단좌굴에 대한 유효한 설계가능영역에 대해 비교, 고찰한다. 구조설계 최적화를 위해서, 목적함수는 사인형 주름 웨브 보의 중량으로 정의하여 최소중량최적화를 수행하며, 제약조건으로는 세장비, 부재력 저항능력 및 보의 허용처짐에 대해서 고려한다. 최종적으로 등분포 하중의 단순보 모델을 해석 대상으로 채택하며, 유전자 연산에 있어서 효율적인 확률변수에 대해 연구한다.

Numerical study on the structural performance of corrugated low yield point steel plate shear walls with circular openings

  • Shariati, Mahdi;Faegh, Shervin Safaei;Mehrabi, Peyman;Bahavarnia, Seyedmasoud;Zandi, Yousef;Masoom, Davood Rezaee;Toghroli, Ali;Trung, Nguyen-Thoi;Salih, Musab NA
    • Steel and Composite Structures
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    • 제33권4호
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    • pp.569-581
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    • 2019
  • Corrugated steel plate shear wall (CSPSW) as an innovative lateral load resisting system provides various advantages in comparison with the flat steel plate shear wall, including remarkable in-plane and out-of-plane stiffnesses and stability, greater elastic shear buckling stress, increasing the amount of cumulative dissipated energy and maintaining efficiency even in large story drifts. Employment of low yield point (LYP) steel web plate in steel shear walls can dramatically improve their structural performance and prevent early stage instability of the panels. This paper presents a comprehensive structural performance assessment of corrugated low yield point steel plate shear walls having circular openings located in different positions. Accordingly, following experimental verification of CSPSW finite element models, several trapezoidally horizontal CSPSW (H-CSPSW) models having LYP steel web plates as well as circular openings (for ducts) perforated in various locations have been developed to explore their hysteresis behavior, cumulative dissipated energy, lateral stiffness, and ultimate strength under cyclic loading. Obtained results reveal that the rehabilitation of damaged steel shear walls using corrugated LYP steel web plate can enhance their structural performance. Furthermore, choosing a suitable location for the circular opening regarding the design purpose paves the way for the achievement of the shear wall's optimal performance.

Galloping characteristics of a 1000-kV UHV iced transmission line in the full range of wind attack angles

  • Lou, Wenjuan;Wu, Huihui;Wen, Zuopeng;Liang, Hongchao
    • Wind and Structures
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    • 제34권2호
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    • pp.173-183
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    • 2022
  • The galloping of iced conductors has long been a severe threat to the safety of overhead transmission lines. Compared with normal transmission lines, the ultra-high-voltage (UHV) transmission lines are more prone to galloping, and the damage caused is more severe. To control the galloping of UHV lines, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive analysis of galloping characteristics. In this paper, a large-span 1000-kV UHV transmission line in China is taken as a practical example where an 8-bundled conductor with D-shaped icing is adopted. Galerkin method is employed for the time history calculation. For the wind attack angle range of 0°~180°, the galloping amplitudes in vertical, horizontal, and torsional directions are calculated. Furthermore, the vibration frequencies and galloping shapes are analyzed for the most severe conditions. The results show that the wind at 0°~10° attack angles can induce large torsional displacement, and this range of attack angles is also most likely to occur in reality. The galloping with largest amplitudes in all three directions occurs at the attack angle of 170° where the incoming flow is at the non-iced side, due to the strong aerodynamic instability. In addition, with wind speed increasing, galloping modes with higher frequencies appear and make the galloping shape more complex, indicating strong nonlinear behavior. Based on the galloping amplitudes of three directions, the full range of wind attack angles are divided into five galloping regions of different severity levels. The results obtained can promote the understanding of galloping and provide a reference for the anti-galloping design of UHV transmission lines.

케이블 돔 구조물의 형태 변화에 따른 비선형 불안정 거동의 특성에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Characteristics of Nonlinear Unstable Phenomenon According to the Shape Variation of Cable Domes)

  • 김승덕;백인성;김형석
    • 한국강구조학회 논문집
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    • 제16권3호통권70호
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    • pp.345-353
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    • 2004
  • 대공간 구조물의 중요한 문제중의 하나는 지붕 구조물의 자중을 극복하는데 있다. 이 문제는 인장부재를 효과적으로 사용함으로서 해결할 수 가 있다. 이러한 면에서 텐세그러티 구조시스템인 케이블 돔 구조물은 대공간을 구성하는데 효과적으로 사용되고 있다. 그러나 케이블 돔 구조시스템은 외력의 증가에 따라 전체좌굴의 위험성을 가진다. 본 연구는 케이블 돔 구조물인 Geiger형과 Flower형을 대상으로 초기장력 작용에 의한 형상문제를 해결하고 축대칭 하중 재하시 완전형상과 초기형상불완전을 가지는 형상에서의 불안정 현상을 파악한다.