• Journal of Korean Society of societal Security
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.33-42
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• 2010

This study predicts the stress history for truss bridge with local damages by using global-local model combination method. For this end, the global structure is modeled by 3D frame elements and the selected local details are modeled by shell elements. Then superposition principle enable the global-local model to be combined interactively. Because the frame model cannot consider the rigidity of gusset plate and the interation of structural members due to the complexity of stress distribution in truss connection. The section modification factors are proposed to calibrate the stiffness of global frame element. The global-local model combination is verified by comparing the numerical results with experimental data obtained from the proof loading test to the operating truss bridge. Furthermore, stress histrories of the truss bridge are generated in the consideration of the rigidity of truss connection with local damage by using the combination method.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.124-136
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• 2015

Purpose: Grain quality is a general concept that covers many characteristics, ranging from physical to biochemical and physiochemical properties. Rice aging during storage is currently a challenge in the rice industry, and is a complicated process involving changes in all of the above properties. Spectroscopic techniques can be used to obtain information on the quality of rice samples in a non-destructive manner. Methods: The objective of this review was to highlight the factors that contribute to rice quality and aging, and to describe various spectroscopic modalities, particularly vibrational and hyperspectral imaging, for the assessment of rice quality. Results: Starch and protein are the main components of the rice endosperm, and are therefore key factors contributing to eating and cooking quality. While the overall starch, protein, and lipid content in the rice grain remains essentially unchanged during storage, structural changes do occur. These changes affect pasting and gel properties, and ultimately the flavor of cooked rice. In addition, grain quality is significantly affected by growing and environmental conditions, such as water availability, temperature, fertilizer application, and salinity stress. These properties can be evaluated using spectroscopic techniques, and rice samples can be discriminated by using multivariate statistical analysis methods. Conclusion: Hyperspectral imaging and vibrational spectroscopy techniques have good potential for determining rice quality properties in a non-invasive manner, i.e., not requiring the introduction of instruments into the rice grain.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.97-106
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• 2016

This study aims examine specific image preferences through selected fashion style and evaluation terms. Therefore, this study provided basic information in order to help select a suitable fashion style within a desired image. As times are changing, most people obtain information about fashion through the use of the Internet by utilizing mobile phones and personal computers and less through magazines, newspapers and so on. When people buy clothes, they seem to be more influenced by the design and color than by price and quality. It is not perceived important for buying like company, advertising, the place of purchase etc. The results of the analysis reveal the structural elements of an image having a sense of fashion style and can be categorized as a natural image, romantic image, elegance image, casual image and avant-garde image. Among the six fashion styles, the natural image is regarded the highest A style. The romantic image is the highest B style and elegance image is the C, D, E style. The casual image is the highest F style and avant-garde image is a D style. In regards to appropriate fashion style by ages, the twenty-something population is investigated in finding a fit that is lively and vibrant in style while the thirty-something population is perceived to identify with a more feminine style. The forty-something population has shown to prefer a more luxurious style. Through this observation one can see that there is a distinction is fashion style between ages.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.59-67
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• 2007

This paper proposes potentialities of constructing the information system for earthquake hazard management which can manage and analyse earthquake risk and hazard systematically. The experimental results as well as architectural structure investment data for seismicity assessment are built in database and connected with GIS for assessing earthquake safety of building in urban area. For earthquake-resistant performance assessment, we collected and classified building structural data according to assessment criteria using building register, architectural map, digital map, and then complemented database with field survey data. We also suggest GIS-based information system can cope with and manage earthquake hazard effectively, as evaluating earthquake risk by performing detailed earthquake-resistant assessment and determining final assessment scores. The assessment should be processed quickly and accurately by integrating the earthquake hazard information management system with modularization of assessment procedure and method in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• autumn
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• pp.439-443
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• 2001

A lot of buildings, especially apartment housing, have been dismantled so as to enhance the value of the building without exact assesment for the service life and deterioration degree of the building. Remodeling for an aged building is becoming a hot issue to owners in the public sector and the private sector. Peoples including owner, tenants, constructors recognize the fact that the efficient maintenance of the building during the service life and lengthening the practical service life are very important in point of minimizing LCC. This study suggest a decision making system to judge whether to remodel(renovate) or to reconstruct an aged building. The system is composed of structural performance assesment elapsed(or practical service) life evaluation against whole service life, deterioration assesment of the building equipment, dweller's satisfaction, etc.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.5-11
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• 2013

The primary objective of this research is to evaluate the behavior of a bridge substructure subjected to scouring during flood. A finite element (FE) study was carried out on a substructure modeled using the standard section specified for highway bridges. The three-dimensional FE model consists of non-linear springs with tri-axial load capacities at the base in order to consider the loss of bearing capacity of the substructure by local scour phenomenon. Various time varying loading conditions and scouring patterns were considered in the analysis. The results indicate a change in the structural behavior of substructure depending on the eroded area and pattern. The outcome of this research will be useful to suggest basic design guidelines for ground sills of the bridge substructure.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.5-12
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• 2013

The safety and structural integrity of buried pipes are usually at risk from constructing loading and compaction of backfill materials. The backfill material should be strong enough to help resistance and redistribute loads so that the buried pipe remains unaffected. Due to the many problems associated with buried pipes, there have been multiple studies on the development of a sustainable backfill material. In this study, a Controlled Low Strength Material made of coal ash was considered as a buried pipe backfill material. To determine the feasibility and performance of this backfill material, a numerical simulation was conducted with the results confirmed by a field test. Results showed maximum settlement to be 2 mm with the elastic strain of the buried pipe to be about 0.006.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.395-399
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• 2008

Orofacial pain and limited range of mouth opening as symptoms of temporomandibular disorder are mainly triggered by the structural and/or functional changes of temporomandibular joint and related structure itself. But careful diagnostic evaluation should be needed because they may be occurred by another pathologic conditions such as neoplasm in head and neck region. If there would be atypical pain characteristics or clinical features, systemic comorbid symptoms, or poor response to treatment, advanced imaging modalities such as CT or MRI will be mandatory for differential diagnosis. We experienced the case which was diagnosed as nasopharyngeal cancer mimicking temporomandibular disorder, and reviewed clinical considerations for proper differential diagnosis.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.131-146
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• 2020

Evaluation of earthquake impacts in settlements with a high risk of earthquake occurrence is important for the determination of site-specific dynamic soil parameters and earthquake-resistant structural planning. In this study, dynamic soil properties of Karliova (Bingol) city center, located near to the intersection point of the North Anatolian Fault Zone and the East Anatolian Fault Zone and therefore having a high earthquake risk, were investigated by one-dimensional equivalent linear site response analysis. From ground response analyses, peak ground acceleration, predominant site period, 0.2-sec and 1-sec spectral accelerations and soil amplification maps of the study area were obtained for both near-field and far-field earthquake effects. The average acceleration spectrum obtained from analysis, for a near-field earthquake scenario, was found to exceed the design spectra of the Turkish Earthquake Code and Eurocode 8. Yet, the average acceleration spectrum was found to remain below the respective design spectra of the two codes for the far-field earthquake scenario. According to both near- and far-field earthquake scenarios in the study area, the low-rise buildings with low modal vibration durations are expected to be exposed to high spectral acceleration values and high-rise buildings with high modal vibration durations will be exposed to lower spectral accelerations. While high amplification ratios are observed in the north of the study area for the near-distance earthquake scenario, high amplification ratios are observed in the south of the study area for the long-distance earthquake scenario.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.66 no.2
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• pp.273-283
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• 2018

Currently, the dynamic amplification effect of suction is described using the wind vibration coefficient (WVC) of external loads. In other words, it is proposed that the fluctuating characteristics of suction are equivalent to external loads. This is, however, not generally valid. Meanwhile, the effects of the ventilation rate of louver on suction and its WV are considered. To systematically analyze the effects of the ventilation rate of louver on the multi-dimensional WVC of ultra-large cooling towers under suctions, the 210 m ultra-large cooling tower under construction was studied. First, simultaneous rigid pressure measurement wind tunnel tests were executed to obtain the time history of fluctuating wind loads on the external surface and the internal surface of the cooling tower at different ventilation rates (0%, 15%, 30%, and 100%). Based on that, the average values and distributions of fluctuating wind pressures on external and internal surfaces were obtained and compared with each other; a tower/pillar/circular foundation integrated simulation model was developed using the finite element method and complete transient time domain dynamics of external loads and four different suctions of this cooling tower were calculated. Moreover, 1D, 2D, and 3D distributions of WVCs under external loads and suctions at different ventilation rates were obtained and compared with each other. The WVCs of the cooling tower corresponding to four typical response targets (i.e., radial displacement, meridional force, Von Mises stress, and circumferential bending moment) were discussed. Value determination and 2D evaluation of the WVCs of external loads and suctions of this large cooling tower at different ventilation rates were proposed. This study provides references to precise prediction and value determination of WVC of ultra-large cooling towers.